Farklı fenolojik dönemlerde hasat edilen yerelması hasılının (Helianthus tuberosus) yağ asiti kompozisyonun araştırılması

Abstract

Bu çalışmada farklı fenolojik dönemlerde hasat edilen yerelması (Helianthus tuberosus) hasılının yağ asiti kompozisyonunun saptanması amaçlandı. Yerelması vejetasyonun başlangıcı, vejetasyon dönemi, çiçeklenme başlangıcı, tam çiçeklenme ve tohum başlama başlangıcı olmak üzere beş farklı fenolojik dönemde hasat edildi ve örnekleri alındı. Bitki örneklerinde doymuş yağ asitleri (∑SFA), doymamış yağ asitleri (∑UFA), çoklu doymamış yağ asitleri (∑PUFA), tekli doymamış yağ asitleri (∑MUFA), orta zincirli yağ asitleri (∑MCFA), uzun zincirli yağ asitleri (∑LCFA) ve çok uzun zincirli yağ asitleri (∑VLCFA) analiz edildi. Hasılın linoleik asit (C18:2n 6c) konsantrasyonu büyüme dönemine göre %21 ile 23 arasında değişmekteydi (P<0,05). Bu kaba yemin oleik asit (C18:2n 6t) konsantrasyonu bitki büyümesi ile arttı ( %20-34, toplam yağ asitleri içinde) (P<0,001). Yerelması hasılının ∑PUFA, w-3, w-6, ∑MCFA ve ∑VLCFA konsantrasyonu bitkinin (vejetasyondan çiçeklenmeye kadar) büyüme dönemiyle pozitif korelasyon içindeydi (P<0,05). Bu hasılın ∑MUFA, w9 ve ∑LCFA konsantrasyonu bitki büyüme dönemiyle negatif korelasyonluydu (P<0,05). Çalışmanın sonucu olarak, çiçeklenme başlangıcında hasat edilen yerelması hasılı ∑UFA, ∑MUFA ve w-9 yağ asitleri kompozisyonu diğer bitki büyüme dönemlerinkinden yüksekti. Bunun yanında, çiçeklenme döneminden hasat edilen yerelması hasılı ∑PUFA, w3 ve ∑VLCFA yağ asitleri açısından zengindi. Bunların göstergesi olarak, çiçeklenme başlangıcı ve tam çiçeklenme döneminde hasat edilen yerelması hasılı ruminantlar ve diğer herbivorlar için fonksiyonel özelliklere sahiptir.

Keywords

• Bitki gelişimi
• doymamış yağ asitleri
• kaba yem
• ruminant

The investigation of fatty acids compositions of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) herbage harvested at different phenological stages

Abstract

This study was aimed to determine fatty acid compositions of Jerusalem artichoke herbages (Helianthus tuberosus) at five different phenological stages. Jerusalem artichoke was harvested at early vegetative, vegetative, early flowering, full flowering, and early seed stages and its herbage samples were obtained. In the herbages, the saturated fatty acid (∑SFA), unsaturated fatty acid (∑UFA), polyunsaturated fatty acid (∑PUFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), medium chain fatty acids (∑MCFA), long chain fatty acids (∑LCFA) and very long chain fatty acids (∑VLCFA) were analyzed. The linoleic acid (C18:2n 6c) concentrations of herbages were changed from about 21 to 23% at different growing stages (P<0.05). The oleic acid (C18:2n 6t) concentrations of this forage increased with plant growing (20 to 34% in total fatty acids) (P<0.001). The ∑PUFA, w-3, w-6, ∑MCFA and ∑VLCFA concentrations of Jerusalem artichoke herbage were positively correlated with plant growing stage (from vegetation to after flowering) (P<0.05). The ∑MUFA, w-9 and ∑LCFA concentrations of this herbage were negatively correlated with plant growing stage of plant (P<0.05). As a result of the study, the ∑UFA, ∑MUFA and w-9 fatty acids compositions of Jerusalem artichoke herbage, harvested at early flowering stage, were high than those of other plant growing stages. Besides, the Jerusalem artichoke herbage, harvested at flowering stage, was rich from ∑PUFA, w-3 and ∑VLCFA fatty acids. Therefore, Jerusalem artichoke herbage, harvested at early flowering and full flowering stages, has high functional properties for ruminants and other herbivorous.

Keywords

• Forage
• plant growing
• polyunsaturated fatty acid
• ruminant

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