Araştırma Makalesi

Multilayer Radar Absorber Design with Grey Wolf Optimizer: Using Fabricated Literature Materials

Cilt: 13 Sayı: 4 31 Aralık 2025
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Multilayer Radar Absorber Design with Grey Wolf Optimizer: Using Fabricated Literature Materials

Öz

This study introduces a versatile methodology for the design of multilayer radar absorbing materials (MRAM) using both virtual and experimentally reported materials from the literature. The Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO) algorithm is utilized to minimize total absorber thickness while maximizing reflection loss across multiple frequency ranges. Initially, 16 virtual materials- derived from previously validated electromagnetic parameters-are used to explore a wide design space. The algorithm's performance is subsequently validated using real materials compiled from the literature. Original MRAM configurations are successfully developed for 2–8 GHz, 8–12 GHz, and 1–20 GHz frequency bands. The designs demonstrated high absorption performance, maintaining reflection losses below –10 dB across 0° to 40° incidence angles under both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) polarizations. In particular several optimized structures incorporating real materials achieved average reflection losses around –25 dB with total thicknesses below 1.2 mm, outperforming comparable designs in the literature. These findings confirm the effectiveness of GWO in producing compact, broadband, and angularly robust MRAM. The dual-stage approach, combining virtual exploration with real-material validation, highlights the algorithm’s potential for next-generation stealth, EMI shielding, and conformal absorber applications.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

  1. [1] Z. Chen et al., “Bioinspired moth-eye multi-mechanism composite ultra-wideband microwave absorber based on the graphite powder,” Carbon N Y, vol. 201, pp. 542–548, Jan. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2022.09.035.
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  3. [3] Şeyma ATICI, Enes YİĞİT, and Umut ÖZKAYA, “Design of Multilayer Radar Absorber Using Grey Wolf Optimization Algorithm,” Izmir, 2023, ch. Chapter 4. [Online]. Available: www.duvaryayinlari.com
  4. [4] E. Yigit and H. Duysak, “Fully optimized multilayer radar absorber design using multi-objective abc algorithm,” International Journal of Engineering and Geosciences, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 136–145, Oct. 2021, doi: 10.26833/ijeg.743661.
  5. [5] A. Swarnkar and A. Swarnkar, “Artificial intelligence based optimization techniques: A review,” in Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, Springer, 2020, pp. 95–103. doi: 10.1007/978-981-15-0214-9_12.
  6. [6] E. Michielssen, J.-M. Sajer, S. Ranjithan, and R. Mittra, “Design of Lightweight, Broad-Band Microwave Absorbers Using Genetic Algorithms,” 1993. doi: 10.1109/22.238519.
  7. [7] S. Roy, S. D. Roy, J. Tewary, A. Mahanti, and G. K. Mahanti, “Particle Swarm Optimization for Optimal Design of Broadband Multilayer Microwave Absorber for Wide Angle of Incidence,” 2015. doi: 10.2528/PIERB14122602.
  8. [8] M. J. Asi and N. I. Dib, “Design of multilayer microwave broadband absorbers using central force optimization,” Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, no. 26, pp. 101–113, 2010, doi: 10.2528/PIERB10090103.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Elektrik Mühendisliği (Diğer)

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

31 Aralık 2025

Gönderilme Tarihi

14 Temmuz 2025

Kabul Tarihi

5 Aralık 2025

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2025 Cilt: 13 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA
Atıcı, Ş., & Yiğit, E. (2025). Multilayer Radar Absorber Design with Grey Wolf Optimizer: Using Fabricated Literature Materials. Balkan Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 13(4), 493-504. https://doi.org/10.17694/bajece.1741882
AMA
1.Atıcı Ş, Yiğit E. Multilayer Radar Absorber Design with Grey Wolf Optimizer: Using Fabricated Literature Materials. Balkan Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering. 2025;13(4):493-504. doi:10.17694/bajece.1741882
Chicago
Atıcı, Şeyma, ve Enes Yiğit. 2025. “Multilayer Radar Absorber Design with Grey Wolf Optimizer: Using Fabricated Literature Materials”. Balkan Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 13 (4): 493-504. https://doi.org/10.17694/bajece.1741882.
EndNote
Atıcı Ş, Yiğit E (01 Aralık 2025) Multilayer Radar Absorber Design with Grey Wolf Optimizer: Using Fabricated Literature Materials. Balkan Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 13 4 493–504.
IEEE
[1]Ş. Atıcı ve E. Yiğit, “Multilayer Radar Absorber Design with Grey Wolf Optimizer: Using Fabricated Literature Materials”, Balkan Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, c. 13, sy 4, ss. 493–504, Ara. 2025, doi: 10.17694/bajece.1741882.
ISNAD
Atıcı, Şeyma - Yiğit, Enes. “Multilayer Radar Absorber Design with Grey Wolf Optimizer: Using Fabricated Literature Materials”. Balkan Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 13/4 (01 Aralık 2025): 493-504. https://doi.org/10.17694/bajece.1741882.
JAMA
1.Atıcı Ş, Yiğit E. Multilayer Radar Absorber Design with Grey Wolf Optimizer: Using Fabricated Literature Materials. Balkan Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering. 2025;13:493–504.
MLA
Atıcı, Şeyma, ve Enes Yiğit. “Multilayer Radar Absorber Design with Grey Wolf Optimizer: Using Fabricated Literature Materials”. Balkan Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, c. 13, sy 4, Aralık 2025, ss. 493-04, doi:10.17694/bajece.1741882.
Vancouver
1.Şeyma Atıcı, Enes Yiğit. Multilayer Radar Absorber Design with Grey Wolf Optimizer: Using Fabricated Literature Materials. Balkan Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering. 01 Aralık 2025;13(4):493-504. doi:10.17694/bajece.1741882

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