Apoptotic and Cytotoxic Effects of Lisinopril and Amlodipine in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Model

Year 2026, Volume: 15 Issue: 1, 107 - 115, 28.02.2026

Ayla Solmaz Avcıkurt , Sinem Gültekin Tosun

https://doi.org/10.53424/balikesirsbd.1794145

https://izlik.org/JA88TJ67JA

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic and apoptosis-inducing effects of lisinopril and amlodipine in a human hepatocellular carcinoma (Hep3B) cell model. Materials and Methods: The cytotoxic effects of Hep3B cells treated with lisinopril and amlodipine were assessed using the MTT assay. Cell viability was analyzed at 24, 48, and 72 hours, and IC₅₀ values were calculated. Apoptosis-related gene expression levels, including Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, Bax, and Bak, were determined using RT-qPCR. Statistical analyses were performed using one-way ANOVA, and differences with p<0.05 were considered significant. Results: Lisinopril reduced Hep3B cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC₅₀ value of 74.04 µg/ml (p<0.05). Similarly, amlodipine decreased cell viability with an IC₅₀ value of 38.04 µg/ml (p<0.05). Gene expression analysis revealed that lisinopril decreased the expression of the anti-apoptotic genes Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL while slightly increasing the pro-apoptotic genes Bax and Bak, whereas amlodipine strongly suppressed anti-apoptotic gene expression and enhanced pro-apoptotic gene expression (p<0.05). Conclusion: These findings suggest that lisinopril and amlodipine modulate apoptotic gene expression and proliferation in Hep3B cells, enhancing apoptosis. The observed cytotoxic and molecular effects indicate a potential anti-cancer activity, which may hold clinical relevance for hepatocellular carcinoma therapy.

Keywords

Amlodipine , Apoptosis , Cell Proliferation , Hepatocellular Carcinoma , Lisinopril

Ethical Statement

As cell culture studies are performed strictly in vitro, they do not necessitate the use of human or animal subjects. Consequently, ethics committee approval is not required.

Supporting Institution

No funding was received for this study.

Project Number

non

Thanks

None.

Lisinopril ve Amlodipinin İnsan Hepatosellüler Karsinom Hücre Modelinde Apoptotik ve Sitotoksik Etkileri

https://izlik.org/JA88TJ67JA

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, insan hepatosellüler karsinomu (Hep3B) hücre modelinde lisinopril ve amlodipinin sitotoksik etkileri ve apoptoz indüksiyonu üzerindeki etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Lisinopril ve amlodipin ile muamele edilen Hep3B hücrelerinin sitotoksik etkileri, MTT testi kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Hücre canlılığı 24, 48 ve 72. saatlerde analiz edilmiş ve IC₅₀ değerleri hesaplanmıştır. Apoptoz ile ilişkili gen ekspresyon düzeyleri, Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, Bax ve Bak belirteçleri kullanılarak RT-qPCR yöntemiyle değerlendirilmiştir. İstatistiksel analizler One-way ANOVA kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiş ve p<0.05 olan farklar istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edilmiştir. Bulgular: Lisinopril, Hep3B hücrelerinin viabilitesini konsantrasyon-bağımlı bir şekilde azaltmış ve IC₅₀: 74.04 µg/ml olarak sitotoksisite göstermiştir (p<0.05). Amlodipin uygulaması da benzer şekilde Hep3B hücrelerinin canlılığını konsantrasyon-bağımlı olarak azaltmış ve IC₅₀ değeri 38,04 µg/ml olarak bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Gen ekspresyon analizleri, lisinoprilin Bcl-2 ve Bcl-xL gibi anti-apoptotik genlerin ekspresyonunu azalttığını, Bax ve Bak gibi pro-apoptotik genlerin ise zamanla arttırdığını gösterirken, amlodipin anti-apoptotik genleri belirgin şekilde baskılayıp pro-apoptotik genleri güçlü şekilde artırdığını ortaya koymuştur (p<0.05). Sonuç: Bu bulgular, lisinopril ve amlodipinin Hep3B hücrelerinde apoptotik gen ekspresyonunu ve proliferasyonu modüle ederek apoptozu artırabileceğini göstermektedir. Gözlemlenen sitotoksik ve moleküler etkiler, potansiyel bir anti-kanser aktiviteye işaret etmekte olup hepatoselüler karsinom tedavisi açısından klinik açıdan önem taşıyabilirler.

Keywords

Amlodipin , Apoptozis , Hücre Proliferasyonu , Hepatosellüler Karsinom , Lisinopril

Ethical Statement

Hücre kültürü çalışmaları yalnızca in vitro koşullarda gerçekleştirildiğinden, insan veya hayvan deneklerin katılımını gerektirmez. Bu nedenle etik kurul onayı gerektirmemektedir.

Supporting Institution

Bu çalışma için destek alınmamıştır.

Project Number

non

Thanks

Yoktur.

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