0 – 6 Ay Beslenme Özelliklerinin Çocuklarda Obezite ve Yeme Davranışları Üzerine Etkisi: Kesitsel Bir Araştırma

Abstract

Amaç: 0 – 6 ay beslenme özelliklerinin çocuklarda obezite ve yeme davranışları üzerine etkisini belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Kesitsel olarak yapılan araştırma Aydın il merkezinde Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğü’ne bağlı devlet anaokullarında, Eylül 2015-Şubat 2016 tarihleri arasında yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın evrenini, bu anaokullarında öğrenim gören 49–72 aylık çocuklar ve anneleri (N=623), örneklemi ise 305 çocuk ve annesi oluşturmuştur. Veriler, veri toplama formu ve Çocuklarda Yeme Davranışı Anketi ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Student t testi, ANOVA, Ki-kare, Benfferroni testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Çocuklarda, ilk altı ay sadece anne sütü ile beslenme oranı %58 ve obezite sıklığı %18,4’dür. İlk altı ay sadece anne sütü alan çocukların obezite sıklığı (%16,4) mama (%26,2) veya karma beslenen (%18,6) çocuklardan daha düşüktür ancak bu fark istatistiksel düzeyde değildir (p=0,336). Çocukların ilk altı ay beslenme özelliklerinin duygusal aşırı yeme ve yemek seçiciliği dışında, Çocuklarda Yeme Davranışı Anketinin diğer alt boyutlarını etkilemediği bulunmuştur (p>0,05). Sadece anne sütü ile beslenen çocukların duygusal aşırı yeme (p=0,041) ve yemek seçiciliği puan ortalamaları mama ve karma beslenen çocuklara göre daha düşüktür (p=0,042). Sonuç: Çalışmamızda yaklaşık her beş çocuktan biri obezdir ve ilk altı ay sadece anne sütü ile beslemenin çocuklarda obezite sıklığını; duygusal aşırı yeme ve yemek seçiciliği dışındaki yeme davranışlarını etkilemediği bulunmuştur. Anne sütünün obezite üzerine ve yeme davranışları üzerine etkisini araştıran daha kapsamlı çalışmaların yapılması önerilebilir.

Keywords

• çocukluk obezitesi,anne sütü,yeme davranışları

Project Number

ASYO-14004

The Effect of Modes of Feeding in Months 0-6 on Childhood Obesity and Eating Behaviors: A Cross-Sectional Research

Abstract

Aim: To determine the effect of modes of feeding in months 0-6 on childhood obesity and eating behaviors. Material and Methods: Conducted as cross-sectional research, this study was carried out over the period September 2015-February 2016 at public kindergartens operating under the Provincial Directorate of National Education in Aydın. The sample of the study comprised 305 children, aged 49-72 months, enrolled in the kindergartens, and their mothers (N=623). The data were collected with a data collection form and the Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square, ANOVA and Bonferroni test were used in the data analysis. Results: The rate of exclusive breastfeeding in the first six months was 58% in the participating children and obesity frequency was 18.4%. The obesity frequency of children exclusively breastfed in the first six months (16.4%) of life was lower that the rates of children fed with formula (26.2%) or with a mixed regimen (18.6%) but this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.336). It was found that, outside of the emotional overeating and fussiness dimensions modes of feeding children in the first six months did not affect the other subscales of the Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire (p>0.05). The emotional overeating and food fussiness means score of children exclusively breastfed was lower than that of children fed a mixed regimen and formula (p=0.041 and p=0.042). Conclusion: In our study, about one out of every five children were obese and it was found that being exclusively breastfed over the first six months did not impact the frequency of obesity; also, this did not have an effect on eating behaviors outside of emotional overeating and fussiness. It might be recommended that more comprehensive studies be carried out to investigate the effect of breastfeeding on obesity and eating behaviors.

Keywords

• childhood obesity,Exclusive breastfeeding,eating behavior.

Supporting Institution

Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi Tarafından Desteklenmiştir-ASYO-14004

Project Number

ASYO-14004

Thanks

I wish to thank Midwife Gizem Uzun for her ideas and her contribution to the scan of the literature and all of the school administrations and teachers who supported us in reaching parents and taking the students' anthropometric measurements as well as supplying us with space for our study. We also extend our gratitude to all the mothers who took the time to participate in our research.

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