Diurnal varyasyonun endemik Origanum dubium Boiss'in uçucu yağ özellikleri ve antioksidan aktivitesi üzerine etkileri

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, endemik ve karvakrolce zengin bir tür olan Origanum dubium Boiss.’un uçucu yağ (UY) verimi, kimyasal bileşimi ve antioksidan aktivitesi üzerine günlük değişimlerin etkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: O. dubium bitkisinin toprak üstü kısımları, 2020 yılında Türkiye’nin Ermenek (Karaman) ilçesinde, çiçeklenme döneminde beş farklı hasat zamanında (06:00, 09:00, 12:00, 15:00 ve 18:00) toplanmıştır. Uçucu yağlar, Clevenger tipi aparat ile su distilasyonu yöntemiyle elde edilmiş ve GC-FID/MS cihazında analiz edilmiştir. Antioksidan aktivite, DPPH serbest radikal süpürme yöntemiyle belirlenmiştir. Bulgular: UY oranı %6.4 (12:00) ile %8.6 (18:00) arasında değişmiştir. Oksijenli monoterpenler (%79.9–88.0) baskın grup olup, karvakrol (%72.0–83.4) ana bileşen olarak tespit edilmiştir. En yüksek karvakrol oranı 09:00’da, en düşük değer ise 12:00’da kaydedilmiştir. Diğer önemli bileşenler α-tujene (%1.3–1.5), γ-terpinen (%1.9–6.3) ve p-simen (%4.0–5.4) olmuştur. Antioksidan aktivite hasat zamanına göre önemli farklılık göstermiştir ve serbest radikal süpürme aktivitesi %32.21 (06:00) ile %63.90 (18:00) arasında değişmiştir. Sonuç: Günlük değişimlerin O. dubium’un UY verimi, bileşimi ve antioksidan aktivitesi üzerinde önemli etkileri olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar, daha yüksek yağ verimi, karvakrol içeriği ve antioksidan potansiyel elde etmek için sabah 06:00–12:00 ile öğleden sonra 15:00–18:00 saatleri arasında hasadın uygun olduğunu göstermektedir.

Keywords

• uçucu yağ
• Origanum dubium
• diurnal varyasyon
• karvakrol
• antioksidan aktivite
• DPPH

Supporting Institution

Finansman alınmamıştır.

Ethical Statement

Bu çalışma için etik onay gerekmemektedir.

IImpacts of diurnal variation on essential oil properties and antioxidant activity of endemic Origanum dubium Boiss

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the impact of diurnal variation on the essential oil (EO) yield, chemical composition, and antioxidant activity of Origanum dubium Boiss., an endemic and carvacrol-rich species naturally distributed in Türkiye. Method: The aerial parts of O. dubium were collected at five different harvest times during the flowering stage (06:00, 09:00, 12:00, 15:00, and 18:00) in Ermenek (Türkiye) in 2020. Essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus and analyzed by GC-FID/MS. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by the DPPH radical scavenging method. Findings: The EO content ranged between 6.4% (12:00) and 8.6% (18:00). Oxygenated monoterpenes (79.9–88.0%) were the dominant group, with carvacrol (72.0–83.4%) as the main compound. The highest carvacrol concentration was recorded at 09:00, whereas the lowest was at 12:00. Other major constituents were α-thujene (1.3–1.5%), γ-terpinene (1.9–6.3%), and p-cymene (4.0–5.4%). Antioxidant activity varied significantly depending on the harvest time, with radical scavenging activity ranging from 32.21% (06:00) to 63.90% (18:00). Conclusion: Diurnal variation significantly influences the EO yield, composition, and antioxidant activity of O. dubium. The results suggest that harvesting between 06:00–12:00 in the morning and 15:00–18:00 in the afternoon is optimal for obtaining higher oil yield, carvacrol content, and antioxidant potential.

Keywords

• essential oil
• Origanum dubium
• diurnal variation
• carvacrol
• anttioxidant activity
• DPPH

Supporting Institution

No Funding Received.

Ethical Statement

This study does not require ethical approval

References

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