Çimento tozu kirliliğine maruz kalan bitkilerde RAPD analizi ile genomik stabilite ve DNA hasarının analizi

Abstract

En önemli çevre kirleticilerinden biri çimento tozudur. Bu çalışmada, çimento tozunun bitkiler üzerindeki potansiyel genotoksik etkisini tanımlamak için RAPD teknolojisi kullanılmıştır. Bu amaçla, Erzurum'da Askale çimento fabrikasına 10000 m (Kontrol alanı) ve 0-100 m uzaklıkta toplanan 12 bitki türünün ( Convolvulus sepium, Astragalus christianus, Taraxacum androssovii Medicago varia, Alyssum murale, Artemisia spisigera, Falcaria vulgaris, Anchusa strigose, Glaucium leiocarpum, Salvia syriaca, Cryciata taurica Tragopogon albinervis)DNA karşılaştırması yapıldı. Çalışmada 16 RAPD primeri kullanılmış ve 390 bant elde edilmiştir. 0-100m alanlardan toplanan bitki RAPD profillerinde, kontrollerine göre (fabrikadan 10000 metre uzakta) önemli farklılıklar gözlenmiştir. Kontrol bitkilerinde bazı bantların kaybolduğu ve yeni bantların oluştuğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca, GTS (Genomic template stability) değeri, 0-100 m alandan toplanan bitkilerde, kontrollerinkilerle karşılaştırıldığında önemli ölçüde azaldığı görülmüştür( %56.20). 0-100m ve kontrol alanından toprak örnekleri toplanmış ve ağır metal içerikleri bakımından incelenmiştir. Analiz sonuçlarına göre, 0-100 m'den toplanan topraklarda Nikel, Kadmiyum, Çinko, Kurşun ve Bakır konsantrasyonlarının, çarpıcı şekilde yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Bu sonuçlar topraktaki yüksek ağır metal içeriğinin bitkilerde RAPD profillerinde ve GTS’de değişikliklere neden olduğunu göstermektedir. Sonuçlar RAPD ve GTS testlerinin çevre kirliliğinin bitkiler üzerindeki genotoksik etkisini tanımlamak için temel, etkili ve tekrarlanabilir yöntemler olduğunu göstermiştir.

Keywords

• çimento tozu
• bitki
• toprak
• ağırmetal
• genotoksisite

Analysis of genomic stability and DNA damage in plants exposed to cement dust pollution using the RAPD analysis

Abstract

One of the most important environmental pollutants is cement dust. In this study, RAPD technology was used to define the potential genotoxic impact of cement dust on plants. For this purpose, the DNA comparison of 12 plant species( Convolvulus sepium, Astragalus christianus, Taraxacum androssovii Medicago varia, Alyssum murale, Artemisia spisigera, Falcaria vulgaris, Anchusa strigose, Glaucium leiocarpum, Salvia syriaca, Cryciata taurica Tragopogon albinervis)collected from the areas of 10000 m (Control area) or 0-100 m away from Askale cement factory in Erzurum; was performed. 16 primers were used, and 390 bands were obtained. Important differences were observed in plant RAPD profiles collected from 0-100 m areas when compared to their respective controls (10000 m away from the factory). Some bands in control plants got lost, and new band formations were observed. The Genomic template stability (GTS) value decreased significantly in plants collected from 0-100 m area as compared to the controls (%56.20). Soil samples from 0-100 m and control area were collected and examined for their heavy metal contents. According to the analysis results, Nickel, Cadmium, Zinc, Lead and Copper concentrations were found to be dramatically high in the soil collected from 0-100 m as compared to the control area. These results indicate that the high heavy metal content in the soil causes the changes in RAPD profiles and GTS in plants. The data also indicated that RAPD and GTS assays are basic, effective and reproducible means of the genotoxicity control of environmental pollution.

Keywords

• Cement dust
• Plants
• Soil
• Heavy Metals
• Genotoxicity

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