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Gamma-diversity of vascular plant taxa of the surrounding of Lake Sünnet Bolu, NW Turkey compared with other regions in Bolu

Year 2011, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 107 - 121, 15.04.2011

Abstract

This paper reports the gamma-diversity of vascular plant taxa ferns, fern allies and seed plants of the surrounding of Lake Sünnet Bolu, Turkey . The vascular flora of the surrounding of Lake Sünnet was compiled from the fieldworks done between 2006 and 2009. The studies resulted in 324 taxa belonging to 67 families and 216 genera. The number of endemic species was found to be 35, corresponding to an endemism ratio of 10.8%. The richest families were Lamiaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Boraginaceae, and Rosaceae. The richest genera were found as Astragalus, Vicia, Salvia, Centaurea, and Viola. Distribution of the species according to phytogeographical regions resulted in 16.4% as Euro-Siberian elements including Euxines , 13.3% as Mediterranean elements, and 10.2% as Irano-Turanian elements. The study site was compared with floristic composition of 11 other neighboring regions. TWINSPAN analysis classified 12 sites into four main community types. Detrended Correspondence Analysis DCA resulted in three clusters and Gökçeler Mountain. In UPGMA cluster analysis there are two clusters and Gökçeler Mountain was also placed separately

References

  • Akman, Y., Ketenoğlu, O. 1979. Flora of the Gerede-Aktaş Forest (Bolu). Communications de la Faculte des Sciences de L’université D’Ankara Serie C2. 23/2. 21-57.
  • Akman, Y., Yurdakulol, E. 1981a. Contributions to the Flora of Bolu Mountains. Communications de la Faculte des Sciences de L’université D’Ankara Serie C2. 24/2. 1-42.
  • Akman, Y., Yurdakulol, E. 1981b. Contributions to the Flora of Semen Mountains (Bolu). Communications de la Faculte des Sciences de L’université D’Ankara Serie C2. 24/3. 1-43.
  • Aksoy, N. 2001. The Flora of Karakiriş Mountain (Seben-Nallıhan). Master Thesis, İstanbul University. Bolu Yıllığı. 1998. Bolu Valiliği. Bolu, pp. 37-40.
  • Brummitt, R.K., Powell, C.E. 1992. Authors of plant names. Kew: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Davis, P.H. 1965-1985. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Volumes 1-9: Edinb. Univ. Press. Edinburgh.
  • Davis, P.H. 1971. Distribution patterns in Anatolia with particular reference to endemism. In (Eds): Davis, P.H., Harper, P.C., Hedge, I.C. Plant Life of South-West Asia. Edinburgh, pp. 15-26.
  • Davis, P.H. 1975. Turkey: Present state of Floristic Knowledge. Coll Int C N R S. 235. 93-113.
  • Davis, P.H., Mill, R.R., Tan, K. 1988. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Vol 10 (Suppl.) Edinburgh: Edinb. Univ. Press. Edinburgh.
  • Duran, A., Aytaç, Z. 2005. Astragalus nezaketae (Fabaceae), a new species from Turkey. Annales Botanici Fennici. 42. 381-385.
  • Ekim, T., Güner, A. 2000. The floristic richness of Turkey. Curtis’s Botanical Magazine. 17/2. 48-59.
  • Ekim, T., İlarslan, R. 1982. Yedigöller Milli Parkı'nın (Bolu) Florası. Orman Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi. 28/56. 53-67.
  • Güner, A., Özhatay, N., Ekim, T., Başer, K.H.C. 2000. Flora of Turkey and East Aegean Islands (Supplement 2), Volume 11. Edinburgh: Edinb. Univ. Press. Edinburgh.
  • Henderson, P.A., Seaby, R.M.H. 2007. Community analysis Package 4.0 Pisces Conservation Ltd, Lymington, UK.
  • Heywood, V.H., Brummit, R.K., Culham, A., Seberg, O. 2007. Flowering Plant Families of the World. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Hill, M.O. 1979. DECORANA-a FORTRAN program for detrended correspondence analysis and reciprocal averaging. Ithaca, NY. Ecology and Systematics, Cornell University.
  • Hoşgören, M.Y., Ekinci, D. 2004. Heyelan seti göllerine tipik bir örnek: Sünnet Gölü. (A Typical example to landslide dammed lakes: Sünnet Lake). İstanbul Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakülteis Coğrafya Bölümü, Coğrafya Dergisi. 12. 1- 11.
  • İkinci, N., Güner, A. 2007. Flora of the Gölcük Area (Bolu, Turkey). Turkish Journal of Botany. 31. 87-107.
  • Kaptanoğlu, D. 1995. Flora of Yaylacık Research Forest (Mengen). Master Thesis, Gazi University.
  • Karabacak, E., Uysal, İ., Doğan, M. 2009. Cultivated Salvia species in Turkey. Biological Diversity and Conservation (BioDiCon). Cilt 2/1. 71-77.
  • Köse, Y. B., Alan, S., Yücel, E. 2010. Comparative Investigation of the Morphological Characteristics of Species belonging to the Centaurea L. section Phalolepis (Cass.) DC. Biological Diversity and Conservation (BioDiCon). Cilt 3/1. 10-22.
  • Kovach, W.L. 2005. MVSP- A MultiVariate Statistical Package for Windows, ver. 3.1. Kovach Computing Services, Pentraeth, Wales, U.K.
  • Külköylüoğlu, O., Dügel, M., Balcı, M., Deveci, A., Avuka, D., Kılıç, M. 2010. Limnoecological Relationships between Water-Level-Fluctuations and Ostracoda (Crustacea) Species Composition in Lake Sünnet (Bolu, Turkey). Turkish Journal of Zoology. 34. 429-442.
  • Mabberley, D.J. 1997. The Plant-Book, A portable dictionary of the vascular plants. 2nd edition. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, UK.
  • Oral, A. 1985. Göynük (Bolu) Güney Doğusunun Jeolojisi ve Paleontolojisi. Diploma Thesis. İstanbul University.
  • Özhatay, N. 2002. Diversity of bulbous monocots in Turkey with special reference. Chromosome numbers. Pure and Applied Chemistry. 74/4. 547-555.
  • Özhatay, N., Byfield, A., Atay, S. 2005. Türkiye’nin 122 Önemli Bitki Alanı. WWF Türkiye, İstanbul.
  • Pakpınar, B. 1995. The Flora of Çiçekliyayla Mountain (between Güvem, Çerkeş and Gerede). Master Thesis, Ankara University.
  • Sensoy, S., Demircan, M., Ulupınar, Y., Balta, İ. 2008. Climate of Turkey. Turkish State Meteorological Service. http://www.dmi.gov.tr/files/en-US/climateofturkey.pdf.
  • Tepe, B., Sokmen, M., Akpulat, H.A., Sokmen, A. 2006. Screening of the antioxidant potentials of six Salvia species from Turkey. Food Chemistry. 95. 200-204.
  • Türker, U.A., Güner, A. 2003. Plant diversity in Abant Nature Park (Bolu), Turkey. Turkish Journal Botany. 27. 185- 221.
  • Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M., Webb, D.A. (eds) 1964-1980. Flora Europea. Vol. 1-5. Cambridge Univ Press. Cambridge.
  • Uluğ, M. 1999. The Flora of Gökçeler Mountain (Gerede-Eskipazar). Master Thesis, Ankara University.
  • Uzunhisarcıklı, E.M., Doğan, E., Duman, H. 2007. A new species of Centaurea L. (Cardueae: Asteraceae) from Turkey. Botanical Journal of Linnean Society. 153. 61-66.
  • Whittaker, R.H. 1972. Evolution and measurement of species diversity. Taxon 21 No: 2/3. 213-251.
  • Yılmaz, Ö.R. 1996. Flora of Sarıçal Mountain (Nallıhan, Ankara). Master Thesis, Gazi University

Sünnet Gölü çevresinin Bolu, Türkiye damarlı bitki taksonu gamma-çeşitliliği ve Bolu’daki diğer alanlarla karşılaştırılması

Year 2011, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 107 - 121, 15.04.2011

Abstract

Bu çalışmada Sünnet Gölü çevresinin Bolu, Türkiye damarlı bitki gamma-çeşitliliği araştırılmıştır. Alanın damarlı bitki florası 2006 ve 2009 yılları arasında yapılan arazi çalışmaları sonucu tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucu 67 familya ve 216 cinse ait 324 takson kaydedilmiştir. Alanda tespit edilen endemik türlerin sayısı 35, endemizim oranı ise %10.8 olmuştur. En zengin familyalar Lamiaceae, Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Boraginaceae ve Rosaceae’dır. En büyük cinsler ise Astragalus, Vicia, Salvia, Centaurea ve Viola olmuştur. Türlerin fitocoğrafik alanlara göre dağılımı ise %16.4 Avrupa-Sibirya Öksin alanını içerecek şekilde , %13.3 Akdeniz ve %10.2 Iran-Turan elementi şeklinde olmuştur. Çalışma alanının floristik bileşimi 11 farklı komşu alanla karşılaştırılmıştır. TWINSPAN analizi karşılaştırılan 12 alanı dört ana komünite tipi altında sınıflandırmıştır. Detrended Correspondence Analizi DCA , alanları üç farklı küme ve Gökçeler Dağı şeklinde gruplandırmıştır. UPGMA küme analizi sonucu Gökçeler Dağı haricindeki diğer alanlar iki küme altında toplanmıştır

References

  • Akman, Y., Ketenoğlu, O. 1979. Flora of the Gerede-Aktaş Forest (Bolu). Communications de la Faculte des Sciences de L’université D’Ankara Serie C2. 23/2. 21-57.
  • Akman, Y., Yurdakulol, E. 1981a. Contributions to the Flora of Bolu Mountains. Communications de la Faculte des Sciences de L’université D’Ankara Serie C2. 24/2. 1-42.
  • Akman, Y., Yurdakulol, E. 1981b. Contributions to the Flora of Semen Mountains (Bolu). Communications de la Faculte des Sciences de L’université D’Ankara Serie C2. 24/3. 1-43.
  • Aksoy, N. 2001. The Flora of Karakiriş Mountain (Seben-Nallıhan). Master Thesis, İstanbul University. Bolu Yıllığı. 1998. Bolu Valiliği. Bolu, pp. 37-40.
  • Brummitt, R.K., Powell, C.E. 1992. Authors of plant names. Kew: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Davis, P.H. 1965-1985. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Volumes 1-9: Edinb. Univ. Press. Edinburgh.
  • Davis, P.H. 1971. Distribution patterns in Anatolia with particular reference to endemism. In (Eds): Davis, P.H., Harper, P.C., Hedge, I.C. Plant Life of South-West Asia. Edinburgh, pp. 15-26.
  • Davis, P.H. 1975. Turkey: Present state of Floristic Knowledge. Coll Int C N R S. 235. 93-113.
  • Davis, P.H., Mill, R.R., Tan, K. 1988. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands, Vol 10 (Suppl.) Edinburgh: Edinb. Univ. Press. Edinburgh.
  • Duran, A., Aytaç, Z. 2005. Astragalus nezaketae (Fabaceae), a new species from Turkey. Annales Botanici Fennici. 42. 381-385.
  • Ekim, T., Güner, A. 2000. The floristic richness of Turkey. Curtis’s Botanical Magazine. 17/2. 48-59.
  • Ekim, T., İlarslan, R. 1982. Yedigöller Milli Parkı'nın (Bolu) Florası. Orman Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi. 28/56. 53-67.
  • Güner, A., Özhatay, N., Ekim, T., Başer, K.H.C. 2000. Flora of Turkey and East Aegean Islands (Supplement 2), Volume 11. Edinburgh: Edinb. Univ. Press. Edinburgh.
  • Henderson, P.A., Seaby, R.M.H. 2007. Community analysis Package 4.0 Pisces Conservation Ltd, Lymington, UK.
  • Heywood, V.H., Brummit, R.K., Culham, A., Seberg, O. 2007. Flowering Plant Families of the World. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  • Hill, M.O. 1979. DECORANA-a FORTRAN program for detrended correspondence analysis and reciprocal averaging. Ithaca, NY. Ecology and Systematics, Cornell University.
  • Hoşgören, M.Y., Ekinci, D. 2004. Heyelan seti göllerine tipik bir örnek: Sünnet Gölü. (A Typical example to landslide dammed lakes: Sünnet Lake). İstanbul Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakülteis Coğrafya Bölümü, Coğrafya Dergisi. 12. 1- 11.
  • İkinci, N., Güner, A. 2007. Flora of the Gölcük Area (Bolu, Turkey). Turkish Journal of Botany. 31. 87-107.
  • Kaptanoğlu, D. 1995. Flora of Yaylacık Research Forest (Mengen). Master Thesis, Gazi University.
  • Karabacak, E., Uysal, İ., Doğan, M. 2009. Cultivated Salvia species in Turkey. Biological Diversity and Conservation (BioDiCon). Cilt 2/1. 71-77.
  • Köse, Y. B., Alan, S., Yücel, E. 2010. Comparative Investigation of the Morphological Characteristics of Species belonging to the Centaurea L. section Phalolepis (Cass.) DC. Biological Diversity and Conservation (BioDiCon). Cilt 3/1. 10-22.
  • Kovach, W.L. 2005. MVSP- A MultiVariate Statistical Package for Windows, ver. 3.1. Kovach Computing Services, Pentraeth, Wales, U.K.
  • Külköylüoğlu, O., Dügel, M., Balcı, M., Deveci, A., Avuka, D., Kılıç, M. 2010. Limnoecological Relationships between Water-Level-Fluctuations and Ostracoda (Crustacea) Species Composition in Lake Sünnet (Bolu, Turkey). Turkish Journal of Zoology. 34. 429-442.
  • Mabberley, D.J. 1997. The Plant-Book, A portable dictionary of the vascular plants. 2nd edition. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge, UK.
  • Oral, A. 1985. Göynük (Bolu) Güney Doğusunun Jeolojisi ve Paleontolojisi. Diploma Thesis. İstanbul University.
  • Özhatay, N. 2002. Diversity of bulbous monocots in Turkey with special reference. Chromosome numbers. Pure and Applied Chemistry. 74/4. 547-555.
  • Özhatay, N., Byfield, A., Atay, S. 2005. Türkiye’nin 122 Önemli Bitki Alanı. WWF Türkiye, İstanbul.
  • Pakpınar, B. 1995. The Flora of Çiçekliyayla Mountain (between Güvem, Çerkeş and Gerede). Master Thesis, Ankara University.
  • Sensoy, S., Demircan, M., Ulupınar, Y., Balta, İ. 2008. Climate of Turkey. Turkish State Meteorological Service. http://www.dmi.gov.tr/files/en-US/climateofturkey.pdf.
  • Tepe, B., Sokmen, M., Akpulat, H.A., Sokmen, A. 2006. Screening of the antioxidant potentials of six Salvia species from Turkey. Food Chemistry. 95. 200-204.
  • Türker, U.A., Güner, A. 2003. Plant diversity in Abant Nature Park (Bolu), Turkey. Turkish Journal Botany. 27. 185- 221.
  • Tutin, T.G., Heywood, V.H., Burges, N.A., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M., Webb, D.A. (eds) 1964-1980. Flora Europea. Vol. 1-5. Cambridge Univ Press. Cambridge.
  • Uluğ, M. 1999. The Flora of Gökçeler Mountain (Gerede-Eskipazar). Master Thesis, Ankara University.
  • Uzunhisarcıklı, E.M., Doğan, E., Duman, H. 2007. A new species of Centaurea L. (Cardueae: Asteraceae) from Turkey. Botanical Journal of Linnean Society. 153. 61-66.
  • Whittaker, R.H. 1972. Evolution and measurement of species diversity. Taxon 21 No: 2/3. 213-251.
  • Yılmaz, Ö.R. 1996. Flora of Sarıçal Mountain (Nallıhan, Ankara). Master Thesis, Gazi University
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Nursel İkinci This is me

Publication Date April 15, 2011
Published in Issue Year 2011 Volume: 4 Issue: 1

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APA İkinci, N. (2011). Sünnet Gölü çevresinin Bolu, Türkiye damarlı bitki taksonu gamma-çeşitliliği ve Bolu’daki diğer alanlarla karşılaştırılması. Biological Diversity and Conservation, 4(1), 107-121.

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