A research on the effects of electrical intensity on wound healing in streptozotocin induced acute diabetic male rats

Yıl 2011, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 150 - 158, 15.04.2011

İlknur Kulcanay Şahin Ünal Özelmas

Öz

Diabetes is a type of disease which adversely affects the circulation of blood at the tissues and eventually causes tissue damage because of vascular complications. The tissue damage, which is caused by diabetes, has negative effects on some of the important organs such as eyes and kidneys, and as well as on the skin. High level of blood sugar, which is encountered in unregulated diabetes, effects skin surgeries i.e: skin flaps negatively. TENS method Transcutaneus Electrical Nevre Stimulation , which is used for treatment of pain, pruritus, neuropathy, etc., since many years, is also used for problems such as wound healing and insufficient blood flow in skin. In our study, TENS’ effect on reduction of flap necrosis was investigated on Wistar albino rats, which were experimentally induced diatebetes via intraperitonal injection of single dose of 60 mg/kg Streptozotocin STZ . As a result of the experiments, it was observed that, TENS current reduced flap necrosis in control group. However, in the rats which were induced experimentally via STZ, a significant flap healing wasn’t observed. Also, in our study, it was found that, inflammation decreased in diabetic rats which were exposed to TENS

Anahtar Kelimeler

Diabetes Mellitus, Streptozotocin, TENS, Skin Flaps, Rat

Kaynakça

• Alizadeh N, Pittet B, Tenorio X, Pyke C, Baetens D, Montandon D, Ezban M. and Pepper M. 2004. Active-Site inactivated FVIIa decreases thrombosis and necrosis in a random skin flap model of acute ischemia. Journal of Surgical Research. 122: 263-273.
• Andreassen T.T, Seyer-Hansen K. and Oxlund H. 1981. Biomechanical changes in connective tissues induced by experimental diabetes. Acta Endocrinol (Copenh.). 98: 432-436.
• Atalay C, Koçkaya E.A, Çetin B, Kısmet K and Akay M.T. 2003. Efficacy of topical nitroglycerin and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on survival of random-pattern skin flaps in rats. Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg. 37/1: 10-13.
• Babovic S, Shin MS, Angel M.F, Im M.J, Vander Kolk C.A and Manson P.N. 1994. Flap tolerance to ischaemia in streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus. Br. J. Plast. Surg. 47/1: 15-19.
• Baker L.L, Chambers R, DeMuth SK and Villar F. 1997. Effects of electrical stimulation on wound healing in patients with diabetic ulcers. Diabetes Care. 20/3: 405-412.
• Batırel S. 1997. STZ ile diyabet oluşturulan sıçanlarda trombosit proteinlerinin non-enzimatik glikozilasyonu ve C vitamininin etkisi. Doktora Tezi. 63.
• Bayness JW. 1991. Diabetes Role of oxidative stress in development of complications in diabetes. 40: 405-412.
• Bitar MS. 1998. Glucocorticoid dynamics and impaired wound healing in diabetes mellitus. Am J Pathol. 152/2 : 547- 554.
• Büyükdevrim S. 1989. Diabetes Mellitus, Çocukluk ve Gençlik Diabeti. İstanbul Üniv. Sağlık Bil. Ens. Yayınları. 3: 597.
• Callegari P.R, Taylor G.I, Caddy C.M and Minabe T. 1992. An anatomic review of delay phenomenon. I. Experimental studies. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 89: 397-407.
• Cramp A.F, Gilsenan C, Lowe A.S and Walsh D.M. 2000. The effect of high- and low-frequency transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation upon cutaneous blood flow and skin temperature in healthy subjects. Clin Physiol Mar. 20/2: 150-157.
• Greenberg R.A and Sacks D.B. 2002. Screening for diabetes, is it warranted Clinica Chimica. 315: 61-69.
• Gürlek A, Aydoğan H, Parlakpınar H, Karabulut A, Çelik M, Sezgin N and Acet A. 2004. Protective effect of melatonin on random pattern skin flap necrosis in pinealectomized rat. Journal of Pineal Research. 36: 58-63.
• Hennessey P.J, Ford E.G, Black C.T and Andrassy R.J. 1990. Wound collagenase activity correlates directly with collagen glycosylation in diabetic rats. J. Pediatr. Surg. 25/1: 75-78.
• Im M.J, Lee W.P and Hoopes J.E. 1990. Effect of electrical stimulation on survival of skin flaps in pigs, Phys. Ther. 70/1: 37-40.
• Kjartansson J and Lundeberg T. 1990. Effects of electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in ischemic tissue. Scand. J. Plast Reconstr Surg Hand Surg. 24/2: 129-134.
• Kjartansson J, Lundeberg T, Samuelson U.E and Dalsgaard C.J. 1988. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) increases survival of ischaemic musculocutaneous flaps, Acta Physiol Scand. 134/1: 95-99.
• Komesu M.C, Tanga M.B, Buttros K.R and Nakao C. 2004. Effects of acute diabetes on rat cutaneous wound healing. Pathophysiology. 11/2: 63-67.
• Korugan Ü, İmamoğlu S ve Yılmaz M.T. 1999. Eczacılar İçin Güncel Bilgiler Işığında Diyabet. 75.
• LeRoith D, Fonseca V and Vinik A. 2005. Metabolik memory in diabetes-focus on insulin. Diabetes Metabolism Research and Reviews. 21: 85-90.
• Leung M.K, Folkes G.A, Ramamurthy N.S, Schneir M and Golub LM. 1986. Diabetes stimulates procollagen degradation in rat tendon in vitro. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 880: 147.
• Lundeberg T, Kjartansson J and Samuelsson U. 1988. Effect of electrical nerve stimulation on healing of ischaemic skin flaps. Lancet. 24;2 (8613): 712-714.
• Lundeberg TC, Eriksson SV and Malm M. 1992. Electrical nerve stimulation improves healing of diabetic ulcers. Ann Plast Surg. 29/4: 328-331.
• Milton S.H. 1969. The Effects of delay on the survival of experimental studies on pedicled skin flaps. Br. J. Plast. Surg. 22: 244-252.
• Özelmas Ü. 1995. Histopathological Investigations of the Effects of Malathion on Dwarf Lizards (Lacerta parva, Boulenger 1887). Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology. 55/5: 730-737.
• Öztürk Y. 1999. Neden şeker hastalığı? Neden deneysel diabet modelleri? TFD Bülteni. 55: 18-19.
• Pang Y, Lineaweaver W.C, Lei M.P, Oswald T, Shamburger S, Cai Z and Zhang F. 2003. Evaluation of the mechanism of vascular endothelial growth factor improvement of ischemic flap survival in rats. Plast Reconstr Surg. 112/2: 556-564.
• Peters E.J, Armstrong D.G, Wunderlich R.P, Bosma J, Stacpoole-Shea S and Lavery L.A. 1998. The benefit of electrical stimulation to enhance perfusion in persons with diabetes mellitus discussion. J. Foot Ankle Surg. 37/5: 396-400, 447-448.
• Sherry J.E, Oehrlein K.M, Hegge K.S and Morgan B.J. 2001. Effect of burst-mode transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on peripheral vascular resistance. Phys Ther. 81/6: 1183-1191.
• Smith D.K and Dolan R.W. 1999. Effects of vasoactive topical agents on the survival of dorsal skin flaps in rats. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 121/3: 220-223.
• Spanheimer R.G, Umpierrez G.E and Stumpf V. 1988. Decreased collagen production in diabetic rats. Diabetes. 37: 371-376.
• Stewart R.J, Moore T, Bennett B, Easton M, Newton G.W and Yamaguchi K.T. 1994. Effect of free-radical scavengers and hyperbaric oxygen on random-pattern skin flaps. Arch Surg. 129/9: 982-987.
• Suarez Nieto C, Suarez Garcia M.J and Barthe Garcia P. 1992. A comparative study on the effect of various pharmacological agents on the survival of skin flaps in the rat. Br. J. Plast. Surg. 45/2: 113-116.
• Takayanagi S and Ogawa Y. 1980. Effects of Pentoxifylline on Flap Survival. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 65: 763-767.
• Taylor G.I, Corlett R.J, Caddy C.M and Zelt R.G. 1992. An anatomic review of the delay phenomenon. II. Clinical applications. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 89: 408-416.
• Tellioğlu A.T, Uras K.A, Yılmaz T, Alagözlü, H, Tekdemir I and Karabağ O. 2001. The effect of carnitine on random- pattern flap survival in rats. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 15; 108/4: 959-962.
• Thawer H.A and Houghton P.E. 2001. Effects of electrical stimulation on the histological properties of wounds in diabetic mice. Wound Repair Regen. 9/2: 107-115.
• Tüzün B. 1994. Endokrin Hastalıklarda Görülen Deri Belirtileri 2. Baskı, 461-467, İstanbul.
• Walsh DM and Baxte, GD. 1996. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS): A review of experimental studies. Eur. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil. 79: 199-206.
• Walter R.M, Hare J.U, Olin K.L, Oster M.H and Keen C.I. 1991. Diabetes Care, Copper, Zinc, Manganese and complications of diabetes mellitus. 14: 1050-1056.
• Wikstrom S.O, Svedman P, Svesson H and Tanweer A.S. 1999. Effect of transcutaneus nerve stimulation on microcirculation in intac. Scandinavian Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Hand Surgery. 33/2: 195-201.
• Yang D and Morris S.F. 1998. Comparison of two different delay procedures in a rat skin flap model. Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 102/5: 1591-1597.