Chromosome number and karyomorphologic studies of endemic Astragalus victoriae Podlech & Kirchhoff

Year 2019, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 169 - 172, 15.08.2019

Meryem Bozkurt , Kuddisi Ertuğrul , Tuna Uysal

Abstract

This paper is the first report known concerning with chromosome number and morphology of Astragalus victoriae Podlech & Kirchhoff in Turkey. Karyomorphological analyses includes the chromosome length, centromer position, the arms rates (short/long) and asymmetry indices. In the analyses, the chromosome number of A. victoriae was determined as 2n = 2x = 16 and this data was consistent with the suggested chromosomal counts in Index to Plant Chromosome Numbers (IPCN) for the genus. The karyotype of A. victoriae consists of metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes and the species is seen fairly different from in points of chromosome lengths (CVCL: 30.774). The chromosome formula has been determined as 2sm+14m and the species consists of symmetric chromosomes (AI: 2.958, CI: 46).

Keywords

Astragalus victoriae , endemic , chromosome numbers , karyomorphology , Turkey

Endemik Astragalus victoriae Podlech & Kirchhoff Türünün kromozom sayı ve karyomorfolojik çalışmaları

Abstract

Bu makale, Türkiye'de Astragalus victoriae Podlech & Kirchhoff türünün kromozom sayısı ve morfolojisi ile ilgili bilinen ilk rapordur. Karyomorfolojik analizler kromozom uzunluğu, sentromer pozisyonu, kol oranları (kısa/uzun) ve asimetri indekslerinin belirlenmesini içermektedir. Analizlerde, diploid kromozom sayısı 2n = 2x = 16 olarak belirlenmiş ve bu veri bitki kromozom sayı indeksinde (IPCN) cins için önerilen temel kromozom sayısı ile tutarlıdır. A. victoriae'nin karyotipi, metasentrik ve submetacentrik kromozomlardan oluşur ve bu tür kromozom uzunlukları açısından oldukça farklı görünür (CVCL: 30.774). Kromozom formülü 2sm+14 m olarak belirlenmiş olup, kullanılan kromozom indekslerine göre tür simetrik kromozomlardan oluşmaktadır (AI: 2.958, CI: 46).

Keywords

endemik , kromozom sayımları , karyomorfoloji , Türkiye

References

• Karamian, R., & Ranjbar, M. (2005). Astragalus pendulipodus (Fabaceae), a new species from Iran. Annales Botanici Fennici, 42, 139-142.
• Karaman Erkul, S., Bagheri, A., Maassoumi, A. A., & Rahiminejad, M. R. (2015). Notes on Astragalus sect. Hymenostegis (Fabaceae) from Turkey. Turkish Journal of Botany, 39, 205-207. https://doi:10.3906/bot-1403-97
• Dönmez, A. A., & Uğurlu Aydın, Z. (2018). Astragalus ihsancalisii (Fabaceae), a new species from Erzurum province, E Turkey. Willdenowia, 48, 399-404. https://doi.org/10.3372/wi.48.48309
• Maassoumi, A. A. (1998). Astragalus in the Old World, Check List. 1st ed. Tehran, Iran: Research Institute of Forests and Rangeland.
• Calis, I., Yuruker, A., Tasdemir, D., Wrigh, A. D., Sticher, O., Luo, Y. D., & Pezzuto, J. M. (1997). Cycloartane triterpene glycosides from the roots of Astragalus melanophrurius. Planta Medica, 63, 183-186.
• Bedir, E., Calıs, I., Aquino, R., Piacente, S., & Pizza, C. (1998). Cycloartane triterpene glycosides from the roots of Astragalus brachypterus and Astragalus microcephalus. Journal of Natural Products, 61, 1469-1472. https://doi.org/10.1021/np9801763
• Kaya, Y. (1999). Fırat Vadisi’nde Erozyon ve Erozyon Alanında Iyi Gelisen Bitkiler. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 23, 7-24.
• Wojciechowski, M. F., Sanderson, M. J., & Hu, J-M. (1999). Evidence on the monophyly of Astragalus (Fabaceae) and its major subgroups based on nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS and chloroplast DNA trnL intron data. Systematic Botany, 24, 409-437. https://doi.org/10.2307/2419698
• Karamali, Z., Zarre, S., Podlech, D., & Khodaei, Z. (2007). Cladistic analysis of Astragalus sect. Hymenostegis (Fabaceae). Using morphological and anatomical characters. In: Int. Symp. 7th Plant Life of South West Asia (7th Ploswa), 25-29 June 2007. Poster Abstracts, p. 88. Eskisehir, Turkey.
• Khodaei, Z., Zarre, S., Podlech, D., & Karamali, Z. (2007) Cladistic analysis of Astragalus sect. Rhacophorus (Fabaceae) based on morphological, anatomical and seed microsculpturing evidence. In: Int. Symp. 7th Plant Life of South West Asia (7th Ploswa), 25-29 June 2007. Poster Abstracts, p. 97. Eskisehir, Turkey.
• Ledingham, G. F., & Fahselt, M. D. (1964). Chromosome numbers of some north American species of Astragalus (Leguminosae). SIDA, Contributions to Botany, 1, 313-327.
• Spellenberg, R. (1976). Chromosome numbers and their cytotaxonomic significance for North American Astragalus (Fabaceae). Taxon, 25, 463-476. https://doi.org/10.2307/1220528
• Ashraf, M., & Gohil, R. N. (1988). Studies on the cytology of legumes of Kashmir Himalaya. 1. Cytology of Astragalus melanostachys Benth. ex Bunge with a new base number for the genus. Caryologia, 41, 61-67. https://doi.org/10.1080/00087114.1988.10797848
• Martin, E., Doğan, G. İ., Karaman, Erkul S., Eroğlu, H. E. (2019). Karyotype analyses of 25 Turkish taxa of Astragalus from the sections Macrophyllium, Hymenostegis, Hymenocoleus, and Anthylloidei (Fabaceae). Turkish Journal of Botany, 43, 232-242. doi:10.3906/bot-1807-1
• Gedik O., Kürşat M., Kıran Y. (2019). Karyological Studies on Nine Astragalus L. Taxa in Turkey. KSÜ Tarım ve Doğa Derg 22,35-44. doi: 10.18016/ksutarimdoga.vi.467952
• Dopchiz, L. P., Gomez-Sosa E., & Poggio L. (1995). Karyotype and Nuclear DNA Content of Six Species of Astragalus (Leguminosae). Cytologia, 60, 329-335. https://doi.org/10.1508/cytologia.60.329
• Golblatt, D.S. (1996). Social Theory and the Environment, Westview Press.
• Dane F., Dalgıç Aksoy Ö., & Yılmaz, G. (2007). Karyological and palynological studies on Astragalus hamosus and A. glycyphyllos in Turkey. Phytologia Balcanica, 13, 387-391.
• Barbeby, R. C. (1964). Atlas of North American Astragalus. Mem. New York, Bot. Gard., Vol. 13.
• Ledingham, G. F. (1957). Chromosome numbers of some Saskatchewan Leguminosae with particular reference to Astragalus and Oxytropis. Canadian Journal of Botany, 35, 657-666. https://doi.org/10.1139/b57-055
• Badr, A., Hamoud M., & El-Rabey, H. (1996). Chromosomal studies in the Egyptian flora V. Chromosomal relationships in the genus Astragalus L. (Fabaceae) and their taxonomic inferences. Cytologia, 61, 105-111. https://doi.org/10.1508/cytologia.61.105
• Ekici, M., Aytaç, Z., Akan, H., & Pınar, N. M. (2008). A new species of Astragalus L. (section Onobrychoidei DC. Fabaceae) from Turkey. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 157, 741-747. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.2008.00828.x
• Lima De Faria, A. (1980). Classification of genes, rearrangements and chromosomes according to the chromosome field. Hereditas, 93, 1-46. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-5223.1980.tb01043.x
• Konichenko, E. S., Selyutina, I. Yu., Dorogina O. V., & Sandanov, D. V. (2014). Karyotype studies endemic plant species Astragalus sericeocanus Gontsch. (Fabaceae) around Lake Baikal, Siberia. Caryologia, 67, 172-177. https://doi.org/10.1080/00087114.2014.931639
• Baziz, K., Benamara-Bellagha, M., Pustahija, F., Brown, S.C., Siljak-Yakovlev S., & Khalfallah, N. (2014). First karyotype analysis, physical rDNA mapping, and genome size assessment in 4 North African Astragalus taxa (Fabaceae). Turkish Journal of Botany, 38, 1248-1258. https://doi.org/10.3906/bot-1405-40
• Bhaskar, S., Tanti, B. (2015). Karyomorphology of three species of Aristolochia rare and endemic medicinal plants of Assam, India. Caryologia, 68, 154-158. https://doi.org/10.1080/00087114.2015.1032604