Ansel, J. L., Lupo, E., Mijouin, L., Guillot, S., Butaud, J. F., Ho, R., Lecellier, G., Raharivelomanana, P., & Pichon, C. (2016). Biological activity of Polynesian Calophyllum inophyllum oil extract on human skin cells. Planta medica, 82(11/12), 961-966. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-108205
Arnoult, D., Parone, P., Martinou, J. C., Antonsson, B., Estaquier, J., & Ameisen, J. C. (2002). Mitochondrial release of apoptosis-inducing factor occurs downstream of cytochrome c release in response to several proapoptotic stimuli. The Journal of cell biology, 159(6), 923-929. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200207071
Bakkali, F., Averbeck, S., Averbeck, D., Zhiri, A., Baudoux, D., & Idaomar, M. (2006). Antigenotoxic effects of three essential oils in diploid yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) after treatments with UVC radiation, 8-MOP plus UVA and MMS. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 606(1-2), 27-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2006.02.005
Choudhari, A. S., Mandave, P. C., Deshpande, M., Ranjekar, P., & Prakash, O. (2020). Phytochemicals in cancer treatment: From preclinical studies to clinical practice. Frontiers in pharmacology, 10, 1614. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2019.01614
Delgado-López, P., & Corrales-García, E. (2016). Survival in glioblastoma: a review on the impact of treatment modalities. Clinical and Translational Oncology, 18(11), 1062-1071. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12094-016-1497-x
Dweck, A., & Meadows, T. (2002). Tamanu (Calophyllum inophyllum)-the African, Asian, polynesian and pacific panacea. International journal of cosmetic science, 24(6), 341-348. https://doi.org/0.1046/j.1467-2494.2002.00160.x
Ersoz, M., Erdemir, A., Duranoglu, D., Uzunoglu, D., Arasoglu, T., Derman, S., & Mansuroglu, B. (2019). Comparative evaluation of hesperetin loaded nanoparticles for anticancer activity against C6 glioma cancer cells. Artificial cells, nanomedicine, and biotechnology, 47(1), 319-329. https://doi.org/10.1080/21691401.2018.1556213
Hanahan, D., & Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation. cell, 144(5), 646-674. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2011.02.013
Hanif, F., Muzaffar, K., Perveen, K., Malhi, S. M., & Simjee, S. U. (2017). Glioblastoma multiforme: a review of its epidemiology and pathogenesis through clinical presentation and treatment. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention: APJCP, 18(1), 3. https://doi.org/10.22034/APJCP.2017.18.1.3
Hsieh, C., Lin, Y. W., Chen, C. H., Ku, W., Ma, F., Yu, H., & Chu, C. (2018). Yellow and green pigments from Calophyllum inophyllum L. seed oil induce cell death in colon and lung cancer cells. Oncology letters, 15(4), 5915-5923. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2018.8052
Itoigawa, M., Ito, C., Tan, H. T. W., Kuchide, M., Tokuda, H., Nishino, H., & Furukawa, H. (2001). Cancer chemopreventive agents, 4-phenylcoumarins from Calophyllum inophyllum. Cancer letters, 169(1), 15-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3835(01)00521-3
Jaikumar, K., Mohamed, S. N. M., Anand, D., & Saravanan, P. (2016). Anticancer activity of Calophyllum inophyllum L., ethanolic leaf extract in MCF human breast cell lines. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 7(8), 3330. https://doi.org/ 10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.7(8).3330-35
Kyrylkova, K., Kyryachenko, S., Leid, M., & Kioussi, C. (2012). Detection of apoptosis by TUNEL assay. In Odontogenesis (pp. 41-47). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-860-3_5
Léguillier, T., Lecsö-Bornet, M., Lémus, C., Rousseau-Ralliard, D., Lebouvier, N., Hnawia, E., Nour, M., Aalbersberg, W., Ghazi, K., & Raharivelomanana, P. (2015). The wound healing and antibacterial activity of five ethnomedical Calophyllum inophyllum oils: an alternative therapeutic strategy to treat infected wounds. PloS one, 10(9), e0138602. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0138602
Livak, K. J., & Schmittgen, T. D. (2001). Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2− ΔΔCT method. methods, 25(4), 402-408. https://doi.org/10.1006/meth.2001.1262
Naseri, M. H., Mahdavi, M., Davoodi, J., Tackallou, S. H., Goudarzvand, M., & Neishabouri, S. H. (2015). Up regulation of Bax and down regulation of Bcl2 during 3-NC mediated apoptosis in human cancer cells. Cancer cell international, 15(1), 55. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12935-015-0204-2
Raharivelomanana, P., Ansel, J.-L., Lupo, E., Mijouin, L., Guillot, S., Butaud, J.-F., Ho, R., Lecellier, G., & Pichon, C. (2018). Tamanu oil and skin active properties: from traditional to modern cosmetic uses. OCL, 25(5), D504. https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2018048
Shanmugapriya, Chen, Y., Kanwar, J. R., & Sasidharan, S. (2017). Anticancer activity and molecular mechanism of polyphenol rich Calophyllum inophyllum fruit extract in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Nutrition and cancer, 69(8), 1308-1324. https://doi.org/10.1080/01635581.2017.1367944
Susanto, D. F., Aparamarta, H. W., Widjaja, A., & Gunawan, S. (2019). Calophyllum inophyllum: Beneficial Phytochemicals, Their Uses, and Identification. In Phytochemicals in Human Health. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.86991
Thakkar, J. P., Dolecek, T. A., Horbinski, C., Ostrom, Q. T., Lightner, D. D., Barnholtz-Sloan, J. S., & Villano, J. L. (2014). Epidemiologic and molecular prognostic review of glioblastoma. Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Biomarkers, 23(10), 1985-1996. https://doi.org/ 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-14-0275
Upadhyay, S., & Dixit, M. (2015). Role of polyphenols and other phytochemicals on molecular signaling. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/504253
Anti-proliferative and apoptosis inducing activity of Calophyllum inophyllum L. oil extracts on C6 glioma cell line
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most lethal type of brain tumors. Current treatment methods of GBM including radiotherapy and chemotherapy are not sufficient to combat this disease and there is a great need to develop new treatment approaches. Calophyllum inophyllum L. is a polyphenol rich plant with wide biological activities. The aim of this study was to investigate cytotoxic, anti-proliferative and apoptotic activity of C. inophyllum oil (CIO) extracts on the C6 glioma cell line to determine its potential use in cancer treatment. Treatment of C6 glioma cells with CIO extracts for 24 and 48 h were resulted in a significant decrease in cell viability with IC50 values of 0.22% and 0.082%, respectively. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen labeling of CIO extract treated C6 glioma cells showed cell proliferation decreased to 55.6% and 30.3% for 24 and 48 h. Percentage of apoptotic cells after CIO extract treatment were found to reach 68.8% after 48 h. Analysis of mRNA expression levels of key genes involved in apoptosis pathway showed that CIO extract treatment induces both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptosis pathways on C6 glioma cells. Findings of this study showed that CIO extracts are promising in development of new treatment strategies for glioblastoma.
Ansel, J. L., Lupo, E., Mijouin, L., Guillot, S., Butaud, J. F., Ho, R., Lecellier, G., Raharivelomanana, P., & Pichon, C. (2016). Biological activity of Polynesian Calophyllum inophyllum oil extract on human skin cells. Planta medica, 82(11/12), 961-966. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-108205
Arnoult, D., Parone, P., Martinou, J. C., Antonsson, B., Estaquier, J., & Ameisen, J. C. (2002). Mitochondrial release of apoptosis-inducing factor occurs downstream of cytochrome c release in response to several proapoptotic stimuli. The Journal of cell biology, 159(6), 923-929. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200207071
Bakkali, F., Averbeck, S., Averbeck, D., Zhiri, A., Baudoux, D., & Idaomar, M. (2006). Antigenotoxic effects of three essential oils in diploid yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) after treatments with UVC radiation, 8-MOP plus UVA and MMS. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis, 606(1-2), 27-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2006.02.005
Choudhari, A. S., Mandave, P. C., Deshpande, M., Ranjekar, P., & Prakash, O. (2020). Phytochemicals in cancer treatment: From preclinical studies to clinical practice. Frontiers in pharmacology, 10, 1614. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2019.01614
Delgado-López, P., & Corrales-García, E. (2016). Survival in glioblastoma: a review on the impact of treatment modalities. Clinical and Translational Oncology, 18(11), 1062-1071. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12094-016-1497-x
Dweck, A., & Meadows, T. (2002). Tamanu (Calophyllum inophyllum)-the African, Asian, polynesian and pacific panacea. International journal of cosmetic science, 24(6), 341-348. https://doi.org/0.1046/j.1467-2494.2002.00160.x
Ersoz, M., Erdemir, A., Duranoglu, D., Uzunoglu, D., Arasoglu, T., Derman, S., & Mansuroglu, B. (2019). Comparative evaluation of hesperetin loaded nanoparticles for anticancer activity against C6 glioma cancer cells. Artificial cells, nanomedicine, and biotechnology, 47(1), 319-329. https://doi.org/10.1080/21691401.2018.1556213
Hanahan, D., & Weinberg, R. A. (2011). Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation. cell, 144(5), 646-674. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2011.02.013
Hanif, F., Muzaffar, K., Perveen, K., Malhi, S. M., & Simjee, S. U. (2017). Glioblastoma multiforme: a review of its epidemiology and pathogenesis through clinical presentation and treatment. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention: APJCP, 18(1), 3. https://doi.org/10.22034/APJCP.2017.18.1.3
Hsieh, C., Lin, Y. W., Chen, C. H., Ku, W., Ma, F., Yu, H., & Chu, C. (2018). Yellow and green pigments from Calophyllum inophyllum L. seed oil induce cell death in colon and lung cancer cells. Oncology letters, 15(4), 5915-5923. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2018.8052
Itoigawa, M., Ito, C., Tan, H. T. W., Kuchide, M., Tokuda, H., Nishino, H., & Furukawa, H. (2001). Cancer chemopreventive agents, 4-phenylcoumarins from Calophyllum inophyllum. Cancer letters, 169(1), 15-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3835(01)00521-3
Jaikumar, K., Mohamed, S. N. M., Anand, D., & Saravanan, P. (2016). Anticancer activity of Calophyllum inophyllum L., ethanolic leaf extract in MCF human breast cell lines. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, 7(8), 3330. https://doi.org/ 10.13040/IJPSR.0975-8232.7(8).3330-35
Kyrylkova, K., Kyryachenko, S., Leid, M., & Kioussi, C. (2012). Detection of apoptosis by TUNEL assay. In Odontogenesis (pp. 41-47). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-860-3_5
Léguillier, T., Lecsö-Bornet, M., Lémus, C., Rousseau-Ralliard, D., Lebouvier, N., Hnawia, E., Nour, M., Aalbersberg, W., Ghazi, K., & Raharivelomanana, P. (2015). The wound healing and antibacterial activity of five ethnomedical Calophyllum inophyllum oils: an alternative therapeutic strategy to treat infected wounds. PloS one, 10(9), e0138602. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0138602
Livak, K. J., & Schmittgen, T. D. (2001). Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2− ΔΔCT method. methods, 25(4), 402-408. https://doi.org/10.1006/meth.2001.1262
Naseri, M. H., Mahdavi, M., Davoodi, J., Tackallou, S. H., Goudarzvand, M., & Neishabouri, S. H. (2015). Up regulation of Bax and down regulation of Bcl2 during 3-NC mediated apoptosis in human cancer cells. Cancer cell international, 15(1), 55. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12935-015-0204-2
Raharivelomanana, P., Ansel, J.-L., Lupo, E., Mijouin, L., Guillot, S., Butaud, J.-F., Ho, R., Lecellier, G., & Pichon, C. (2018). Tamanu oil and skin active properties: from traditional to modern cosmetic uses. OCL, 25(5), D504. https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2018048
Shanmugapriya, Chen, Y., Kanwar, J. R., & Sasidharan, S. (2017). Anticancer activity and molecular mechanism of polyphenol rich Calophyllum inophyllum fruit extract in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Nutrition and cancer, 69(8), 1308-1324. https://doi.org/10.1080/01635581.2017.1367944
Susanto, D. F., Aparamarta, H. W., Widjaja, A., & Gunawan, S. (2019). Calophyllum inophyllum: Beneficial Phytochemicals, Their Uses, and Identification. In Phytochemicals in Human Health. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.86991
Thakkar, J. P., Dolecek, T. A., Horbinski, C., Ostrom, Q. T., Lightner, D. D., Barnholtz-Sloan, J. S., & Villano, J. L. (2014). Epidemiologic and molecular prognostic review of glioblastoma. Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Biomarkers, 23(10), 1985-1996. https://doi.org/ 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-14-0275
Upadhyay, S., & Dixit, M. (2015). Role of polyphenols and other phytochemicals on molecular signaling. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/504253
Erdemir, A. (2021). Anti-proliferative and apoptosis inducing activity of Calophyllum inophyllum L. oil extracts on C6 glioma cell line. Biotech Studies, 30(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.38042/biost.2021.30.01.01