Photocatalytic Properties of Chitosan-Coated PESA Spheres Containing Gallium(III) Nitrate: Synthesis and Characterization

Deniz Doğan

doi:10.17798/bitlisfen.1687018

Photocatalytic Properties of Chitosan-Coated PESA Spheres Containing Gallium(III) Nitrate: Synthesis and Characterization

Abstract

In this study, the photocatalytic effect of Chitosan (Cht) -Coated polyanetholsulfonic acid (PESA) Spheres Containing Gallium(III) Nitrate (Ga(NO3)3) on methylene blue (MB), a cationic dye, was investigated. The spheres were synthesized by dropwise addition of a chitosan solution to a PESA-Ga(III) solution prepared in a sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution. It is known that the morphological properties of spheres change in the presence of metal. For this purpose, the surface morphology was determined by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Functional group analysis was determined using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectrometry. The concentration of Gallium ions remaining in the solution at the end of the reaction was determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) analysis. A UV-C tube lamp was used to photocatalytically degrade the methylene blue dye. The dye degradation changes were then analyzed in a UV-VIS spectrophotometer. Furthermore, Tauc’s formula determined the band gaps with the help of Chitosan-Coated PESA Spheres Containing Ga(NO3)3 (PESA- Ga(III)/Cht) and Chitosan-Coated PESA Spheres (PESA/Cht) UV spectra. It was observed that the photocatalytic effect increased with the incorporation of Ga(NO3)3 into the polymer structure.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Photochemistry

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Deniz Doğan ^*
0000-0003-2561-2946
Türkiye

Publication Date

September 30, 2025

Submission Date

April 29, 2025

Acceptance Date

July 8, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 14 Number: 3

DOI

https://doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.1687018

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA44ET64HM

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Doğan, D. (2025). Photocatalytic Properties of Chitosan-Coated PESA Spheres Containing Gallium(III) Nitrate: Synthesis and Characterization. Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 14(3), 1610-1624. https://doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.1687018

AMA

1.Doğan D. Photocatalytic Properties of Chitosan-Coated PESA Spheres Containing Gallium(III) Nitrate: Synthesis and Characterization. Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 2025;14(3):1610-1624. doi:10.17798/bitlisfen.1687018

Chicago

Doğan, Deniz. 2025. “Photocatalytic Properties of Chitosan-Coated PESA Spheres Containing Gallium(III) Nitrate: Synthesis and Characterization”. Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 14 (3): 1610-24. https://doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.1687018.

EndNote

Doğan D (September 1, 2025) Photocatalytic Properties of Chitosan-Coated PESA Spheres Containing Gallium(III) Nitrate: Synthesis and Characterization. Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 14 3 1610–1624.

IEEE

[1]D. Doğan, “Photocatalytic Properties of Chitosan-Coated PESA Spheres Containing Gallium(III) Nitrate: Synthesis and Characterization”, Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 1610–1624, Sept. 2025, doi: 10.17798/bitlisfen.1687018.

ISNAD

Doğan, Deniz. “Photocatalytic Properties of Chitosan-Coated PESA Spheres Containing Gallium(III) Nitrate: Synthesis and Characterization”. Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 14/3 (September 1, 2025): 1610-1624. https://doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.1687018.

JAMA

1.Doğan D. Photocatalytic Properties of Chitosan-Coated PESA Spheres Containing Gallium(III) Nitrate: Synthesis and Characterization. Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 2025;14:1610–1624.

MLA

Doğan, Deniz. “Photocatalytic Properties of Chitosan-Coated PESA Spheres Containing Gallium(III) Nitrate: Synthesis and Characterization”. Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 14, no. 3, Sept. 2025, pp. 1610-24, doi:10.17798/bitlisfen.1687018.

Vancouver

1.Deniz Doğan. Photocatalytic Properties of Chitosan-Coated PESA Spheres Containing Gallium(III) Nitrate: Synthesis and Characterization. Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi. 2025 Sep. 1;14(3):1610-24. doi:10.17798/bitlisfen.1687018