Hafif Raylı Taşıma Sistemlerinde Sefer Aralıklarının Optimizasyonu için Mikrosimülasyon Yöntemi Uygulaması

Year 2025, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 838 - 858, 30.06.2025

Mehmet Sinan Yıldırım , Ziya Çakıcı

https://doi.org/10.17798/bitlisfen.1602799

Abstract

Şehirler son dönemdeki kentleşme ve nüfus artışı nedeniyle, yolcu taşıma sistemi önemli oranda tıkanıklık ve gecikme sorunlarıyla karşı karşıya kalmaktadır. Özellikle artan yolcu trafiği ile başa çıkmak için, demiryolu toplu taşıma sistemleri zirve saatlerde daha sık seferler düzenlemekte ve boş saatler için daha seyrek tren geliş aralıkları planlanarak sistem kullanımının artırılması hedeflenmektedir. Bu çalışma, değişken yolcu trafiğine sahip bir metro hattının seferlerinin optimizasyonu için bir simülasyon metodolojisi önermektedir. Deney ortamını oluşturmak için Arena yazılımı kullanılarak bir mikrosimülasyon modeli oluşturulmuştur. Model oluşturma sürecinde ayrık olay simülasyonu kavramından yararlanılmıştır. Yolcu trafiği ve tren sefer aralıkları , yolcu başlangıç-varış istasyon matrisi verilerinden elde edilen ana girdi parametreleri kullanılmıştır. Yapay arı kolonisi algoritması kullanılarak bir optimizasyon modülü model ile işletimiştir. Optimizasyon çalışması, sıfır başarısız biniş politikası göz önünde bulundurularak normal ve artırılmış kapasite senaryoları için günlük tren seferlerinin toplam sayısında sırasıyla %27,5 ve %25,5 azalma ile sonuçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın sonuçları literatür bulguları ile karşılaştırılmış ve bir tartışma sunulmuştur.

Keywords

metro , tren , simülasyon , optimizasyon , demiryolu

Utilizing Discrete Event Simulation to Optimize Headway Times in a Light Rail Transit System

Abstract

Due to recent urbanization and population growth in cities, the passenger transport system is faced with significant congestion and delay problems. In particular, to handle peak-time passenger traffic, railway public transport systems are operated with more frequent trips during the peak hours, and less-frequent train interarrivals are scheduled during off-peak hours to increase the total system utilization. This study proposes a simulation methodology for optimizing the trips of a metro line with variable passenger traffic. A microsimulation model was constructed using the Arena software to create an experimental medium for the optimization phase. The discrete-event simulation concept was utilized for the model building. The passenger flow and train arrival rates were the main input parameters obtained from the passenger origin-destination station matrix and train arrival data. The model was coupled with the artificial bee colony algorithm for determining the optimized train time headways. The optimization study resulted in a decrease of 27.5% and 25.5%in the total number of daily train trips for the normal and increased train capacity scenarios under a zero failed boarding policy. The results of the study were also compared with the literature findings which are discussed in detail.

Keywords

Railway , train , simulation , optimization , headway

Ethical Statement

The study is complied with research and publication ethics.

Thanks

The authors thanks to the Izmir Metro organization for providing the necessary data.

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