Research Article

Transtextual Evolution of Vampire in Western and Turkish Cultures: From Revenants and Oburs to Aristocrats

Volume: 20 Number: 1 June 19, 2026
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Transtextual Evolution of Vampire in Western and Turkish Cultures: From Revenants and Oburs to Aristocrats

Abstract

ABSTRACT This study analyzes the evolution of the vampire image from the earliest prose examples to the first literary works, both in Western and Turkish cultures. The corpus consists of the medieval Western chronicles that include revenant narratives, such as William of Newburgh’s Historia Rerum Anglicarum (1196) and Walter Map’s De Nugis Curialium (1190), the first Turkish folkloric vampire narratives taking place in Evliya Çelebi’s Seyehatname (1666), and the first literary Western and Turkish examples of vampire characters, J. William Polidori’s The Vampire (1819) and Ali Rıza Seyfi’s Kazıklı Voyvoda (1928). The study uses a qualitative content analysis guided by Genette’s theory of transtextuality, that is, hypertextuality and architextuality, the techniques that enable the analysis of the relationships between texts and between texts and genre definitions. This approach seeks not only to observe what shifts are visible when the story is transposed into different forms but to show how the generic contracts of each host architext (Latin chronicle, travelogue, Gothic text, and nationalist adventure prose) systematically define what vampires mean, how they function, and who is legitimate as their monster hunter. The findings illustrate that the reason for the story’s enduring appeal lies less in thematic concerns of immortality, vampirism, and Christianity than in the structural pliability of vampires as objects that transact across different texts. Each architextual regime (e.g., William of Newburgh’s clerical truth claim, Polidori’s Gothic ambiguity, Seyfi’s nationalist resolution) involves an entirely different hypertextual adaptation of the vampire myths but also represents a distinct configuration of fears in society and legitimate institutional authorities. As a result, the study argues the vampire’s universalization is best understood not as a process of cultural diffusion but as a series of governed transtextual operations in which genre contracts silently authorize what the monster may be, what it threatens, and who has the power to defeat it.

Keywords

Thanks

This article is based on the doctoral dissertation of Ahen Sena Yılmaz, supervised by Assist. Prof. Dr. Ayşe Selmin Söylemez, to be submitted to Ankara Hacı Bayram Veli University, Institute of Graduate Programs, Program of Translation and Cultural Studies in English.

References

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  2. Bakhtin, M. M. (1981). The dialogic imagination: Four essays (C. Emerson & M. Holquist, Trans.). University of Texas Press.
  3. Evliya Çelebi (2011). Günümüz Türkçesiyle Evliya Çelebi Seyahatnamesi: Viyana, Eflak-Boğdatı, Bükreş, Ukrayna, Kırım, Bahçesaray, Çerkezistan, Dağıstan, Kalmukistan, Saray, Moskova (S. A. Kahraman & Y. Dağlı, Eds.). YKY. (Original work published 1666).
  4. Genette, G. (1997). Palimpsests: Literature in the second degree. (C. Newman & C. Doubinsky, Trans.) University of Nebraska Press. (Original work published 1982).
  5. Gordon, S. (2015). Social monsters and the walking dead in William of Newburgh’s Historia rerum Anglicarum. Journal of Medieval History, 41(4), 446-465. https://doi.org/10.1080/03044181.2015.1078255
  6. Kahraman, N. (2023, October 31). Dracula in Istanbul! Translation Attached. https://translationattached.com/2023/10/31/dracula-in-istanbul
  7. Kaya, N. (2021). Transilvanya’dan İstanbul’a: Bir global gotik örneği olarak Ali Rıza Seyfi’nin Kazıklı Voyvoda’sı. Kün: Edebiyat ve Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(1), 28-41. https://doi.org/10.54281/kundergisi.4
  8. Kırgi, S. F. (2018). Osmanlı vampirleri: Söylenceler, etkiler, tepkiler. İletişim.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

World Languages, Literature and Culture (Other), Comparative and Transnational Literature

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

June 19, 2026

Submission Date

December 2, 2025

Acceptance Date

June 18, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 20 Number: 1

APA
Yılmaz, A. S., & Söylemez, A. S. (2026). Transtextual Evolution of Vampire in Western and Turkish Cultures: From Revenants and Oburs to Aristocrats. Cankaya University Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 20(1), 323-337. https://doi.org/10.47777/cankujhss.1834279
AMA
1.Yılmaz AS, Söylemez AS. Transtextual Evolution of Vampire in Western and Turkish Cultures: From Revenants and Oburs to Aristocrats. CUJHSS. 2026;20(1):323-337. doi:10.47777/cankujhss.1834279
Chicago
Yılmaz, Ahen Sena, and Ayşe Selmin Söylemez. 2026. “Transtextual Evolution of Vampire in Western and Turkish Cultures: From Revenants and Oburs to Aristocrats”. Cankaya University Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 20 (1): 323-37. https://doi.org/10.47777/cankujhss.1834279.
EndNote
Yılmaz AS, Söylemez AS (June 1, 2026) Transtextual Evolution of Vampire in Western and Turkish Cultures: From Revenants and Oburs to Aristocrats. Cankaya University Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 20 1 323–337.
IEEE
[1]A. S. Yılmaz and A. S. Söylemez, “Transtextual Evolution of Vampire in Western and Turkish Cultures: From Revenants and Oburs to Aristocrats”, CUJHSS, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 323–337, June 2026, doi: 10.47777/cankujhss.1834279.
ISNAD
Yılmaz, Ahen Sena - Söylemez, Ayşe Selmin. “Transtextual Evolution of Vampire in Western and Turkish Cultures: From Revenants and Oburs to Aristocrats”. Cankaya University Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 20/1 (June 1, 2026): 323-337. https://doi.org/10.47777/cankujhss.1834279.
JAMA
1.Yılmaz AS, Söylemez AS. Transtextual Evolution of Vampire in Western and Turkish Cultures: From Revenants and Oburs to Aristocrats. CUJHSS. 2026;20:323–337.
MLA
Yılmaz, Ahen Sena, and Ayşe Selmin Söylemez. “Transtextual Evolution of Vampire in Western and Turkish Cultures: From Revenants and Oburs to Aristocrats”. Cankaya University Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, vol. 20, no. 1, June 2026, pp. 323-37, doi:10.47777/cankujhss.1834279.
Vancouver
1.Ahen Sena Yılmaz, Ayşe Selmin Söylemez. Transtextual Evolution of Vampire in Western and Turkish Cultures: From Revenants and Oburs to Aristocrats. CUJHSS. 2026 Jun. 1;20(1):323-37. doi:10.47777/cankujhss.1834279

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