The Relationship Between Serum Lipoprotein (a) Levels and the Clinical Presentation of the First Acute Coronary Syndrome

Abstract

Objective: It is known that high Lipoprotien (a) [Lp (a)] levels are associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease. In our study, we planned to investigate the relationship between serum Lp (a) level and clinical presentation in patients admitted for the first time with the diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome. Materials and Methods: Patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome for the first time were included in our study prospectively. Demographic data of the patients were collected from file records. Measurement of Lp (a) and other lipid parameters was made from venous blood taken after at least eight hours of fasting after hospitalization. Results: A total of 237 patients, including 105 patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and 132 patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), were included in the study. There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of age and gender. Although serum Lp (a) levels were found to be higher in STEMI patients, there was no significant difference between the two groups [10.2 (19.7) mg/dl vs. 8.5 (12.7) mg/dl, p: 0.393]. Patients with Lp(a) ≥ 30 mg/dl and LDL ≥ 100 mg/dl are 4.95 times more likely to present to a STEMI clinic than those with LDL < 100 mg/dl (odds ratio: 4.95, 95% confidence interval: 1.31- 16.5, p:0.027). On the other hand, we found that patients with LDL ≥ 100 mg/dl and Lp(a) ≥ 30 mg/dl presented with STEMI clinics 2.45 times more than those with Lp(a) < 30 mg/dl (odds ratio: 2.45, 95% confidence interval: 1.04-5.6, p:0.039). Conclusion: We found that the clinical presentations of acute coronary syndrome in patients with Lp (a) ≥ 30 mg/dl and LDL ≥ 100 mg/dl were in favor of STEMI. Earlier and more effective lifestyle changes seem to be needed in this patient group.

Keywords

• Lipoprotein (a)
• Acute coronary syndrome
• ST segment elevation myocardial infarction
• non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction

Project Number

2020-024.

Serum Lipoprotein (a) Düzeyleri ile İlk Akut Koroner Sendromun Klinik Prezentasyonu Arasındaki İlişki

Abstract

Giriş ve Amaç: Yüksek Lipoprotien (a) [Lp (a)] düzeylerinin artmış koroner arter hastalığı riski ile ilişkili olduğu bilinmektedir. Çalışmamızda ilk kez akut koroner sendrom tanısı ile başvuran hastalarda, serum Lp (a) seviyesi ile klinik prezentasyon arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmayı planladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: İlk kez akut koroner sendrom tablosu ile başvuran hastalar prospektif olarak çalışmamaıza dahil edildi. Hastalara ait demografik veriler dosya kayıtlarından toplandı. Lp (a) ve diğer lipid parametrelerinin ölçümü başvuru sonrası en az sekiz saatlik açlığı takiben alınan venöz kandan yapıldı. Bulgular: 105 ST segment elevasyonlu miyokard infarktüsü (STEMI), 132 ST segment elevasyonu olmayan miyokard infarktüsü (NSTEMI) hastası olmak üzere toplam 237 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. Yaş ve cinsiyet açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı bir fark yoktu. Serum Lp (a) seviyeleri STEMI hastalarında daha yüksek saptansa da iki grup arasında anlamlı bir fark yoktu [10.2 (19.7) mg/dl vs. 8.5 (12.7) mg/dl, p: 0.393]. Lp (a) ≥ 30 mg/dl olup, LDL ≥ 100 mg/dl olanlar, LDL < 100 mg/dl olanlara göre 4.95 kat daha fazla STEMI kliniği ile prezente olmakta idiler (odds oranı:4.95, % 95 güven aralığı:1.31-16.5, p:0.027). Diğer taraftan LDL ≥ 100 mg/dl olup, Lp (a) ≥ 30 mg/dl olanların, Lp (a) < 30 mg/dl olanlara göre 2.45 kat daha fazla STEMI kliniği ile prezente olduklarını saptadık (odds oranı:2.45, % 95 güven aralığı:1.04-5.6, p:0.039). Sonuç: Lp (a) ≥ 30 mg/dl ve LDL ≥ 100 mg/dl olan hastaların akut koroner sendrom klinik prezentasyonlarının STEMI lehine olduğunu saptadık. Bu hasta grubunda daha erken ve etkin yaşam tarzı değişikliklerine ihtiyaç gözükmektedir.

Keywords

• Lipoprotein (a)
• Akut koroner sendrom
• ST segment elevasyonlu miyokard infarktüsü
• ST segment elevasyonu olmayan miyokard infarktüsü

Supporting Institution

Manisa Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi

Project Number

2020-024.

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