Nörodejeneratif Hastalıklarda Yeni Bir Yaklaşım: Mitokondri Hedefli Tedavi

Abstract

Mitokondri hücrenin enerji metabolizmasında, oksidatif fosforilasyonda ve hücre ölümünde rol alan temel organeli olup pek çok hastalıkta olduğu gibi nörodejeneratif hastalıkların da patogenezine katkı sağlar. Günümüzde çoğu nörodejeneratif hastalığın etiyopatogenezinde reaktif oksijen ve nitrojen türlerine bağlı oksidatif hasar sorumlu tutulmakla birlikte antioksidan tedaviler bu hasarın önlenmesi ve iyileştirilmesi konusunda yeterli olmamaktadır. Bu nedenle son yıllarda mitokondriyi direkt olarak hedefleyen ve içerisinde biriken farklı farmakolojik ajanlar geliştirilmiş olup birçok nörodejenerasyon hayvan modelinde iyileştirici etkileri görülmüştür. Aynı zamanda bu ajanlardan bazılarının insan klinik çalışmalarında güvenilir ve etkili olduğu kanıtlanmıştır. Bu derlemede, Alzheimer ve Parkinson hastalıkları başta olmak üzere nörodejeneratif hastalıklarda mitokondri disfonksiyonu ve bu hastalıkların tedavisinde etkili olacağı düşünülen mitokondri hedefli tedavi ile ilgili güncel bilgiler tartışılmıştır.

Keywords

• mitokondri
• mitokondri hedefli tedavi
• nörodejeneratif hastalıklar

A New Approach to Neurodegenerative Diseases: Mitochondria-targeted Treatment

Abstract

Mitochondria are the main organelles involved in the energy metabolism of the cell, oxidative phosphorylation and cell death, and contribute to the pathogenesis of many diseases as well as neurodegenerative diseases. Although oxidative damage due to reactive oxygen and nitrogen species is blamed in the etiopathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases, antioxidant treatments are not sufficient in preventing and curing this damage. Therefore, in recent years, various pharmacological agents that directly target and accumulate in the mitochondria have been developed, and their healing effects have been observed in many neurodegeneration animal models. Also, some of these agents have been found reliable and effective in human clinical trials. In this review, current knowledge about mitochondrial dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases, especially Alzheimer’s and Parkinson diseases and mitochondria targeted therapy, which is thought to be efficient in the treatment of these diseases, are discussed.

Keywords

• mitochondria
• mitochondria targeted therapy
• neurodegenerative diseases

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