Sporcu Sağlığında Probiyotiklerin Yeri

Öz

Sporcu Sağlığında Probiyotiklerin Yeri The Role Of Probiotics in Athlete Health Ayşe Nur KAHVE*1 *1Sorumlu Yazar, Selçuk Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Beslenme ve Diyetetik Bölümü; Konya, Türkiye [e-mail] https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6960-7204 ÖZET Düzenli fiziksel aktivite ve düşük/orta yoğunlukta egzersiz faydalı adaptasyonlardır. Epitel hücreleri arasındaki sıkı bağlantı proteinlerin parçalanmasını önleyip ısı şoku proteinlerinin ısı stresine tepkisini azaltarak bağırsak bariyerinin uzun vadeli direncini artırmaktadır. Ancak yoğun fiziksel egzersizlerin uygulanması, üst solunum yolu enfeksiyonlarının görülme sıklığının artmasıyla ilişkili olarak bağışıklığın baskılanması, oksidatif stresin artması ve gastrointestinal sistem (GIT) bozuklukları ile ilişkilidir. Bu koşullar genellikle yarışma dönemlerinde (daha yoğun antrenman dönemi) meydana gelmekte ve sporcunun sağlığını ve fiziksel performansı olumsuz etkilemektedir. Probiyotik takviyelerinin bu semptomları önleyebileceği mekanizmalar nedene göre farklılık göstermekle birlikte umut verici olduğu ileri sürülmektedir. Probiyotiklerin bağışıklık fonksiyonu ve özellikle de solunum yolu enfeksiyonlarına karşı direnci iyileştirme potansiyeline sahip olduğu ve sporcularda bu özelliklerinin kullanım alanları bu makalede derlenmiştir. Mevcut araştırma sonuçlarında probiyotiklerin ve mekanizmalarının sporculardaki uzun vadeli müdahale etkilerinin hala belirsizliğini koruduğu düşünülmektedir. Probiyotik uygulamalarına yönelik geniş ölçekli, uzun vadeli, randomize kontrollü çalışmaların yapılmasına ihtiyaç vardır. Anahtar Kelimeler: egzersiz, immün sistem, probiyotik takviyesi, sporcu sağlığı ABSTRACT Regular physical activity and low to moderate intensity exercise are beneficial adaptations. The tight junction proteins between epithelial cells prevent the breakdown of tight junctions and increase the long-term resilience of the intestinal barrier by reducing the response of heat shock proteins to heat stress. However, the implementation of intense physical exercises is associated with the suppression of immunity, increased frequency of upper respiratory tract infections, heightened oxidative stress, and gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. These conditions typically occur during competition periods (more intense training periods) and adversely affect the athlete's health and physical performance. The mechanisms through which probiotic supplements may prevent these symptoms vary depending on the cause, yet they hold promise. The article compiles the potential of probiotics to enhance immune function, particularly in combating respiratory tract infections, and discusses their applications in athletes. In light of current research findings, it is considered that the long-term intervention effects of probiotics and their mechanisms in athletes still remain uncertain. There is a need for large-scale, long-term, randomized controlled trials on probiotic interventions. Keywords: exercise, immune system, probiotic supplementation, athlete health

Anahtar Kelimeler

• egzersiz
• immün sistem
• probiyotik takviyesi
• sporcu sağlığı

The Role Of Probiotics in Athlete Health

Öz

Sporcu Sağlığında Probiyotiklerin Yeri The Role Of Probiotics in Athlete Health Ayşe Nur KAHVE*1 *1Sorumlu Yazar, Selçuk Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Beslenme ve Diyetetik Bölümü; Konya, Türkiye [e-mail] https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6960-7204 ÖZET Düzenli fiziksel aktivite ve düşük/orta yoğunlukta egzersiz faydalı adaptasyonlardır. Epitel hücreleri arasındaki sıkı bağlantı proteinlerin parçalanmasını önleyip ısı şoku proteinlerinin ısı stresine tepkisini azaltarak bağırsak bariyerinin uzun vadeli direncini artırmaktadır. Ancak yoğun fiziksel egzersizlerin uygulanması, üst solunum yolu enfeksiyonlarının görülme sıklığının artmasıyla ilişkili olarak bağışıklığın baskılanması, oksidatif stresin artması ve gastrointestinal sistem (GIT) bozuklukları ile ilişkilidir. Bu koşullar genellikle yarışma dönemlerinde (daha yoğun antrenman dönemi) meydana gelmekte ve sporcunun sağlığını ve fiziksel performansı olumsuz etkilemektedir. Probiyotik takviyelerinin bu semptomları önleyebileceği mekanizmalar nedene göre farklılık göstermekle birlikte umut verici olduğu ileri sürülmektedir. Probiyotiklerin bağışıklık fonksiyonu ve özellikle de solunum yolu enfeksiyonlarına karşı direnci iyileştirme potansiyeline sahip olduğu ve sporcularda bu özelliklerinin kullanım alanları bu makalede derlenmiştir. Mevcut araştırma sonuçlarında probiyotiklerin ve mekanizmalarının sporculardaki uzun vadeli müdahale etkilerinin hala belirsizliğini koruduğu düşünülmektedir. Probiyotik uygulamalarına yönelik geniş ölçekli, uzun vadeli, randomize kontrollü çalışmaların yapılmasına ihtiyaç vardır. Anahtar Kelimeler: egzersiz, immün sistem, probiyotik takviyesi, sporcu sağlığı ABSTRACT Regular physical activity and low to moderate intensity exercise are beneficial adaptations. The tight junction proteins between epithelial cells prevent the breakdown of tight junctions and increase the long-term resilience of the intestinal barrier by reducing the response of heat shock proteins to heat stress. However, the implementation of intense physical exercises is associated with the suppression of immunity, increased frequency of upper respiratory tract infections, heightened oxidative stress, and gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. These conditions typically occur during competition periods (more intense training periods) and adversely affect the athlete's health and physical performance. The mechanisms through which probiotic supplements may prevent these symptoms vary depending on the cause, yet they hold promise. The article compiles the potential of probiotics to enhance immune function, particularly in combating respiratory tract infections, and discusses their applications in athletes. In light of current research findings, it is considered that the long-term intervention effects of probiotics and their mechanisms in athletes still remain uncertain. There is a need for large-scale, long-term, randomized controlled trials on probiotic interventions. Keywords: exercise, immune system, probiotic supplementation, athlete health

Anahtar Kelimeler

• excersize
• immune system
• probiotic supplementation
• athlete health

Kaynakça

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