Dünyada ve Türkiye’de Covid-19 Aşı Geliştirme Çalışmaları

Abstract

Daha önce 2019-nCoV olarak bilinen SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) akut bir solunum yolu hastalığıdır ve Çin'den başlayarak tüm dünyaya yayılmıştır. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ) tarafından uluslararası kamu sağlığı acil durumu (30 Ocak 2020) olarak ilan edilen COVID-19’la ilgili genetik ve moleküler çalışmalar ilk günden itibaren başlamış olmasına rağmen, şu ana kadar hala önleyici bir aşı ve kesin bir tedavi yöntemi bulunamamıştır. COVID-19, acil durum olarak ilan edildikten sonra özellikle ilaç ve biyoteknoloji şirketleri ile aşı sektöründeki büyük şirketler ilaç ve aşı üretimi için iş birliği içinde çalışmalarını hızla sürdürmektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı, COVID-19 ile Dünyada ve Türkiye’de COVID-19’u önlemeye yönelik geliştirilen mevcut aşı çalışmaları hakkında bilgi vermek ve bu çalışmaların birlikte analiz edilmesine katkı sunmaktır.

Keywords

• Aşı
• COVID-19
• Salgın

COVID-19 Vaccine Development Studies in the World and Turkey

Abstract

COVID-19 which SARS-CoV-2 virus cause for, previously known as a 2019-nCoV, is an acute respiratory disease. COVID-19 has spread from China to the world. Although genetic and moleculer studies about COVID-19 which was declared as an international public health emergency (01.30.2020) by the World Health Organization, started from the first day, a preventive vaccine and a definitive treatment methods have not been found so far. After the COVID-19 was declared as an emergency, the pharmaceutial and biotechnology companies and large companies of vaccine sector especially continue to work in cooperation rapidly for the production of pharmaceuticals and vaccines. The purposes of this review both are to provide information about COVID-19 itself, current vaccine studies developed to prevent COVID-19 and to contribute to the analysis of these studies together.

Keywords

• COVID-19
• Pandemic
• Vaccine

References

1. Shanmugaraj, B, Siriwattananon, K, Wangkanont, K, Phoolcharoen, W, Perspectives on monoclonal antibody therapy as potential therapeutic intervention for Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol, 2020, 38, 10-18. DOI 10.12932/AP-200220-0773
2. Fehr, A.R, Perlman, S, Coronaviruses: an overview of their replication and pathogenesis. Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.), 2015, 1282, 1–23. DOI: 10.1007 / 978-1-4939-2438-7_1.
3. Chen, W.H, Strych, U, Hotez, P.J, Bottazzi, M.E, The SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Pipeline: an Overview, Current tropical medicine reports, 2020, 7, 1-4. DOI: 10.1007 / s40475-020-00201-6
4. Lu, R, Zhao, X, Li, J, et al. Genomic characterisation and epidemiology of 2019 novel coronavirus: implications for virus origins and receptor binding. The Lancet 2020, 395, 565-574. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30251-8.
5. World Health Organization Press Conference 2020 The World Health Organization (WHO) Has Officially Named the Disease Caused by the Novel Coronavirus as COVID-19. https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200312-sitrep-52-covid-19.pdf?sfvrsn=e2bfc9c0_4, 2020 Erişim Tarihi: 30 Nisan 2020.
6. BBC, Koronavirüs haritası: Dünyada vaka ve ölü sayısı kaç oldu, ülkelerde son durum ne? https://www.bbc.com/turkce/haberler-dunya-51719684, 2020 Erişim Tarihi: 30.04.2020.
7. Lu, H, Drug treatment options for the 2019-new coronavirus (2019-nCoV), Bioscience Trends, 2020, 14, 69-71. doi: 10.5582 / bst.2020.01020.
8. Pillaiyar, T, Meenakshisundaram, S, Manickam, M, Recent discovery and development of inhibitors targeting coronaviruses. Drug Discovery Today, 2020, 25, 668-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drudis.2020.01.015

9. Jin, Y, Yang, H, Ji, W, et al. Virology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, and control of COVID-19, Viruses, 2020, 12, 372. DOI: 10.3390 / v12040372.
10. Dhama, K, Sharun, K, Tiwari, R, et al. Coronavirus disease 2019–COVID-19, Preprints, 2020, 1-75. doi: 10.20944 / preprints202003.0001.v2
11. Guo, Y.R, Cao, Q.D, Hong, Z.S. The origin, transmission and clinical therapies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak–an update on the status, Military Medical Research, 2020, 7, 1-10. doi: 10.1186 / s40779-020-00240-0.
12. Remy, V, Largeron, N, Quilici, S, Carroll, S, The economic value of vacci nation: why prevention is wealth, Value in Health, 2015, 17, 450. doi: 10.3402 / jmahp.v3.29284.
13. Sağlık Bakanlığı, COVID-19 Yeni Koronavirüs Hastalığı. https://covid19bilgi.saglik.gov.tr/tr/sss/halka-yonelik.html, 2020 Erişim Tarihi: 8 Mayıs 2020
14. Amanat, F, Krammer, F, SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines: Status Report, Immunity, 2020, 52, 583–589. doi: 10.1016 / j.immuni.2020.03.007.
15. Pang, J, Wang, M.X, Ang, I, et al. Potential rapid diagnostics, vaccine and therapeutics for 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV): A systematic review. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2020, 9, 623. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9030623
16. Zhang, J, Zeng, H, Gu, J, et al. Progress and prospects on vaccine development against SARS-CoV-2. Vaccines, 2020, 8, 153. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8020153.
17. Le, T.T, Andreadakis, Z, Kumar, A, et al. The COVID-19 vaccine development landscape, Nat Rev Drug Discov, 2020, 19, 305-306. DOI: 10.1038 / d41573-020-00073-5.
18. World Health Organization, Update on WHO Solidarity Trial – Accelerating a safe and effective COVID-19 vaccine, https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/global-research-on-novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov/solidarity-trial-accelerating-a-safe-and-effective-covid-19-vaccine, 2020 Erişim Tarihi: 02.05.2020
19. Johnson & Johnson, COVID-19: A Timeline. https://www.jnj.com/coronavirus/prevention-and-treatment, 2020 Erişim Tarihi: 01.05.2020.
20. GSK, GSK actions to support the global response to COVID-19. https://www.gsk.com/en-gb/media/press-releases/sanofi-and-gsk-to-join-forces-in-unprecedented-vaccine-collaboration-to-fight-covid-19/, 2020 Erişim Tarihi: 01.05.2020.
21. Clover Biopharmaceuticals, CEPI announces COVID-19 vaccine development partnership with Clover Biopharmaceuticals’ Australian Subsidiary http://www.cloverbiopharma.com/index.php?m=content&c=index&a=show&catid=11&id=44, 2020 Erişim Tarihi: 01.05.2020.
22. INOVIO, Urgently Focused on Developıng Covid-19 vaccine because the world can’t wait. https://www.inovio.com/our-focus-serving-patients/covid-19/, 2020 Erişim Tarihi: 01.05.2020.
23. Park, A, Inside the company that's hot-wiring vaccine research in the race to combat the coronavirus 2020 Time. https://time.com/5775784/coronavirus-vaccine-research/, 2020 Erişim Tarihi: 01.05.2020.
24. Smith, J, CureVac bids to develop first mRNA coronavirus vaccine. https://www.labiotech.eu/medical/curevac-coronavirus-outbreak-cepi/, 2020 Erişim Tarihi: 02.05.2020.
25. Mandal, H, Mobilizing the research ecosystem for scientific advances towards positive impact in the context of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, 2020, 50, 485-488. doi: 10.3906 / sag-2004-180.
26. Medimagazin, Türk ilaç şirketi BioNTech, Pfizer ortaklığında potansiyel Covid-19 aşısı için klinik denemelere başladı. https://www.medimagazin.com.tr/guncel/genel/tr-turk-ilac-sirketi-biontech-pfizer-ortakliginda-potansiyel-kovid-19-asisi-icin-klinik-denemelere-basladi-11-681-88556.html, 2020 Erişim Tarihi: 01.05.2020.
27. Euronews, Türk bilim insanından Covid-19 aşı müjdesi: 2 farklı aşı üretiminde sıra hayvan deneylerinde. https://tr.euronews.com/2020/04/23/turk-bilim-insan-ndan-covid-19-as-mujdesi-2-farkl-as-uretiminde-sira-hayvan-deneylerinde, 2020 Erişim Tarihi: 01.05.2020.
28. COVID-19 Türkiye Web Portalı, COVID-19 Türkiye Platformu Aşı ve İlaç Geliştirme Sanal Konferansı Düzenledi. https://covid19.tubitak.gov.tr/duyurular/covid-19-turkiye-platformu-asi-ve-ilac-gelistirme-sanal-konferansi-duzenledi, 2020 Erişim Tarihi: 02.05.2020.