PRETERM BEBEKLERİN UZUN DÖNEMLİ NÖROGELİŞİMSEL SORUNLARI VE AİLELERİNİN BU SÜREÇTEN ETKİLENİMLERİ

Year 2026, Issue: Özel Sayı , 16 - 32 , 30.04.2026

Rahime Gökboğa , Sultan Tarlacı

https://doi.org/10.36731/cg.1706555

https://izlik.org/JA97LH82MR

Abstract

Ailelerin evlilik sürecinde çocuk sahibi olmaya dair verdikleri karar; yaşamı onlar için anlamlı kılan ve iyi oluş hallerini arttıran bir durumdur. Ancak bir yandan da çocuk sahibi olmak çiftler için yoğun stres faktörleri arasındadır. Bebeklerin aile üyelerinin beklediği gibi zamanında, sağlıklı şekilde dünyaya gelmemesi ve gelişimsel risklerinin olması; ailelerde yoğun endişe başta olmak üzere zorlayıcı farklı durumlar görülmesine neden olmaktadır. Alanda yapılan araştırmalar; özellikle erken doğmuş bebeklerin ebeveynlerinin depresyon ve diğer ruh sağlığı sorunları bakımından yüksek risk altında olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu durum ailenin iyi olma halini ve bebeğin gelişimini olumsuz şekilde etkileyebilmektedir. Ülkemizdeki uygulamaları çok daha yakın tarihe dayanan erken müdahale çalışmaları; fizyoterapi, çocuk gelişimi, özel eğitim, ergoterapi, dil ve konuşma terapisi ekseninde karşılık bulmakta ve ağırlıklı olarak çocuğun ihtiyaçlarına göre yani çocuk merkezli olarak uygulanmaktadır. Ancak ailenin ihtiyaçları göz önüne alındığında; ailelerin mevcut durumdan etkilenme düzeylerinin çocuğun iyilik halini de olumsuz olarak etkilediği görülmektedir. Bu yüzden özellikle psikologların diğer meslek grupları ile koordinasyon içerisinde çalışmalar yapması, erken müdahale uygulamalarının yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesinden (YYBÜ) itibaren başlaması ve aile merkezli olması; bağlanma başta olmak üzere çocuğun gelişimi ve ailenin iyilik hali için son derece önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı; prematüre bebeklerin uzun vadeli nöro gelişimsel sorunları, ailelerinin etkilenimleri ve bu zorlanmaların çocuklarının gelişimine nasıl yansıdığına ilişkin yapılan çalışmaları detaylı olarak incelemektir. Yapılan araştırmanın; ülkemizdeki uygulamalar açısından sunulan öneriler ile gelecek vadede yapılacak çalışmalar için ışık tutması amaçlanmaktadır.

Keywords

Riskli bebek , nörogelişimsel sorunlar , prematüre , aile , erken müdahale

LONG-TERM NEURODEVELOPMENTAL PROBLEMS OF PRETERM INFANTS AND THE EFFECTS OF THIS PROCESS ON THEIR FAMILIES

https://izlik.org/JA97LH82MR

Abstract

The decision of to have children during marriage is a situation that makes life meaningful for families and increases their well-being. However, having a child is also among the intense stress factors for couples. If infants are not born on time also healthy as expected by family members and have developmental risks; It causes different challenging situations, especially intense anxiety, in families. Research conducted in the field show that especially parents of premature babies are at high risk for depression and other mental health problems. This situation can negatively affect the family's well-being and the baby's development. In our country the early intervention studies whose practices date back to much more recent history; finds its counterpart on the axis of physiotherapy, child development, special education, occupational therapy, language and speech therapy, and is applied mainly according to the needs of the child, that is, in a child-centered approach. However, considering the needs of the family; seen that families' level of influence from the current situation also negatively affects the child's well-being. For this reason, especially psychologists should work in coordination with other professional groups, early intervention practices should start from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and be family-centered; extremely important for the child's development, especially attachment, and the well-being of the family. The purpose of this study; to examine in detail the studies on the long-term neurodevelopmental problems of premature babies, the effects of this situation for their families and families' psychological strains how reflects on the development of their children. The research conducted; It is aimed to shed light on future studies with the suggestions presented in terms of practices in our country.

Keywords

High-risk infant , neurodevelopmental problems , prematurity , family , early intervention

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