Zeytin Karasuyunun Arıtım Yöntemleri

Abstract

Türkiye, zeytin üretiminde dünyanın önde gelen ülkelerinden biridir ve üretilen zeytinin büyük bir kısmı zeytinyağı eldesinde kullanılmaktadır. Yağ üretim, sırasında oluşan zeytin karasuyu, Akdeniz ülkelerinde başlıca çevresel sorunlardan biridir. Bu atıksu, yüksek kimyasal oksijen ihtiyacı (KOİ), biyokimyasal oksijen ihtiyacı (BOİ), askıda katı madde (AKM), yağ ve koyu renk ile karakterize edilmektedir. Aynı zamanda yüksek miktarlarda fenolik bileşikler ve lipitler içermektedir. Gerek yüksek organik madde içeriği gerekse inhibe edici ve kompleks bileşiklerin yüksek konsantrasyonu nedeni ile arıtımı oldukça zor olan bu atıksu için birçok arıtma yöntemi denenmiştir. Literatürde zeytin karasuyunun arıtımında; çeşitli fiziksel, kimyasal, biyolojik ve kombine arıtma prosesleri rapor edilmiştir. Çeşitli arıtma metodlarının dezavantajları nedeniyle son araştırma çalışmaları, fenolik bileşikler, hayvan yemi olarak kullanılması ve biyogaz gibi değerli bileşenlerin atıksulardan geri kazanımına odaklanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, zeytin karasuyunun arıtımında uygulanan prosesler ve proses kombinasyonları incelenerek özet olarak sunulmaktadır.

 

Keywords

• arıtım metotları,biyolojik arıtım,kimyasal arıtım,kombine metotlar,polifenoller,yan ürün eldesi,zeytin karasuyu

Treatment Methods for Olive Mill Wastewater

Abstract

Turkey is one of the largest olive producing countries in the world and a large of olive is used in olive oil production. Olive mill wastewaters (OMW) produced during olive oil extraction is one of the major environmental issues in Meditarrean countries. OMW is characterized by high Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), high Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), high Suspended Solids (TSS), oil and dark color. In addition, OMW contains high phenolic compounds and lipids. In literature, several treatment methods have been reported for OMW which is characterised by both very high organic load and high concentration of inhibitory and complex compounds. Due to several disadvantages of treatment methods, recent research studies focus on valorization approaches of valuable components such as phenolic compounds, animal feed and biogas etc. In this study, OMW treatment processes, process combinations and some valorization techniques were investigated and presented in brief. 

Keywords

• biological treatment,by-product production,chemical treatment,combined methods,olive mill wastewater,polyphenols,treatment processes

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