Evaluation of the Heavy Metal Mobility by a Sequential Extraction Method in the Agricultural Fields of Özbek Plain (Çanakkale)

Abstract

Heavy metal contamination of the soil caused by human activity brings along the environmental concerns. Heavy metal pollution in the terrestrial environment is a worldwide problem for agricultural areas. The aim of this study is to determine the heavy metal fractionation, mobility, and its possible sources in Özbek Plain agricultural fields using a sequential extraction method. For this purpose, soil samples were taken from a total of twelve points in the Özbek plain (Çanakkale), which has an important agricultural potential. Cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) elements found in the samples were extracted into the solvent by sequential extraction method using a different solvent system in each phase and the metal concentrations were determined by a flame atomic absorption spectrometer. As the analysis of total metal contents found in soil samples indicate, the values of Cd, Pb, and partially Cu were determined to be higher than the general agricultural soil values. Application of the sequential extraction method revealed that Cd (59%) and Pb (58%) elements have high rates of mobile fractions, which is fed by anthropogenic sources. It was concluded that the control and monitoring of Cd and Pb elements in the investigation site will be important for the environment. It will be beneficial to use the sequential extraction methods in a wider range both ecologically and in terms of agricultural production, as they provide more detailed and reliable information for planning and management, especially in areas where agricultural production is made.

Keywords

• heavy metal,mobility,sequential extraction,soil

Özbek Ovası (Çanakkale) Tarım Topraklarında Ağır Metal Mobilitesinin Bir Ardışık Ekstraksiyon Yöntemiyle Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

İnsan faaliyetlerine bağlı olarak toprakların ağır metallerce kirletilmesi çevresel kaygıları beraberinde getirmektedir. Karasal ortamdaki ağır metal kirliliği, tarım alanları için dünya çapında bir sorundur. Bu çalışmanın amacı Özbek Ovası topraklarında ağır metal fraksiyonlanmasını, mobilitesini ve olası kaynaklarını bir ardışık ekstraksiyon yöntemi kullanarak belirlemektir. Bu amaçla önemli bir tarımsal potansiyeline sahip olan Özbek Ovasından (Çanakkale) toplam on iki noktadan toprak numuneleri alınmıştır. Örneklerde bulunan kadminyum (Cd), krom (Cr), bakır (Cu), kurşun (Pb) ve çinko (Zn) elementleri ardışık ekstraksiyon yöntemiyle her basamakta farklı çözücü sistemi kullanarak çözücü içerisine ekstrakte edilmiş ve metallerin konsantrasyonları alevli atomik absorpsiyon spektrometresi ile belirlenmiştir. Topraklarda bulunan toplam ağır metal içerikleri incelendiğinde Cd, Pb ve kısmen Cu’nun genel tarımsal toprak değerlerin üzerinde olduğu görülmüştür. Ardışık ekstraksiyon yönteminin uygulanması, Cd (% 59) ve Pb (% 58) elementlerinin yüksek oranda mobil fraksiyonlara sahip olduğu ve bunun antropojenik kaynaklardan beslendiğini göstermiştir. Çalışma alanında özellikle Cd ve Pb elementlerinin kontrol altında tutulması ve izlenmesi çevre açısından önemli olacağı kanısına varılmıştır. Gerek çevresel bakımdan gerekse de tarımsal üretim bakımından ardışık ekstraksiyon yöntemleri, özellikle tarımsal üretimin yapıldığı alanlarda planlama ve yönetim için daha ayrıntılı ve güvenilir bilgiler verdiğinden daha geniş kapsamlı kullanılması yararlı olacaktır.

 

Keywords

• Ağır metal,Ardışık ekstraksiyon,Mobilite,Toprak

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