Yakıt Tankları İçin Bir Stok Yönetimi ve Sızıntı Tespit Sistemi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 303 - 316, 29.12.2020

Ayşe Nur Dalman M. Oluş Özbek

Öz

Akaryakıt stok yönetiminde karşılaşılan en kritik problemlerden biri yer altı tanklarında (YAT) karşılaşılan hatalı tank kalibrasyonudur ve hatalı tank kalibrasyonu sızıntıları maskelemektedir. Üstelik, doğru tank parametrelerini elde etmek ya da yeniden tank kalibrasyon işlemi pahalıdır veya bazı durumlarda imkansızdır. Bu çalışmada amaçlanan, bu maskeleme etkisini ortadan kaldırmak ve yer altı akaryakıt depolama tankları için sızıntı tespitini ve stok yönetimini iyileştirmektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda silindirik tank için tank deformasyonu hesaba katarak sıvı yüksekliğini doğru sıvı hacmine çeviren matematiksel modeller oluşturulmuştur. Göz önünde bulundurulan tank parametreleri yarıçap, uzunluk, bombe derinliği, ölçüm noktası, tank ekseni yönündeki (aksiyel) eğim ve tank eksenine dik yöndeki (radyal) eğim ve kesafettir (sıcaklıktan kaynaklanan hacim değişimi). Akaryakıt servis istasyonundan toplanan gerçek verilerin kullanıldığı benzetim çalışmaları, geliştirilen yaklaşımın uygulanabilir olduğunu göstermektedir. Yapısal deformasyonun dahil edildiği tank modelleri gerçek yakıt hacimlerini başarıyla tahmin etmiştir. Sonuçlar göstermektedir ki, tanklardaki stok deviasyonun (varyans) -300 L – +100 L aralığından -20 L – +20 aralığına düşmüştür. Bu sayede, kümülatif stok deviasyonunda %67.2 iyileştirme gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışma aynı zamanda göstermektedir ki, geliştirilmiş olan ve olası deformasyonları hesaba katan matematiksel modeller kullanılarak doğru hacmin yanı sıra, deforme olmuş tankın doğru parametrelerini tayin etmek de mümkündür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

yakıt istasyonu, tank kalibrasyonu, akaryakıt stok yönetimi, YAT, sızıntı tespiti

A Wet-Stock Management And Leak Detection System For Fuel Tanks

Öz

One of the critical problems in wet-stock management is inaccurate (poor) tank calibration that masks the leakages from the underground storage tanks (USTs). Moreover, obtaining the correct tank parameters or re-calibration is an expensive procedure if not impossible. This study aims to prevent the masking effect of several tank parameters on the tank calibration chart and to improve the leak detection and wet-stock management for fuel storage tanks. This goal is achieved through obtaining the mathematical models for simple cylindrical tank that convert the measured liquid height to accurate liquid volume by taking into account the tank deformations. The accounted deformations in tank parameters are errors in radius, length, probe offset and axial and radial tank tilts, as well as volume change with temperature. The simulations using the actual data gathered from a commercial fuel service station showed that the approach developed in this study is valid. The deformation included tank models successfully predicted the real fuel volumes. The results showed that the variance reduced from -300 L – +100 L range to -20 L – +20 L range for, which brings 67.2% improvement over the cumulative variance. This study also shows that obtaining the precise volume measurements by introducing models that account for the deformations in the UST is possible.

Anahtar Kelimeler

fuel station, fuel tank calibration, wet-stock management, UST, leak detection

Kaynakça

• AFC. (2010). Combustibles. Gas Detection & Air Monitoring Specialists: AFC International, Inc.
• APEA. (2009). APEA Training Course – Wetstock Management. England: Association for Petroleum and Explosives Administration (APEA).
• ASIS. (2017). CalibeX 3D Laser Calibration Retrieved 13.01.2020, 2020, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eIg7wENiQJA.
• Caihong Li, Y. Y., Lulu Song, Yunjian Tan, and Guochen Wang. (2013). Mathematical Model Based on BP Neural Network Algorithm for the Deflection Identification of Storage Tank and Calibration of Tank Capacity Chart.
• Chen, Z. Y. S. (2012). Deformation Identification and Tank Capacity Table Calibration of the Storage Tank Applied Mechanics and Materials, 184-185, 110-113.
• Dublin. (2013). Wetstock Reconciliation at Fuel Storage Facilities - An Operator’ s Guide. Dublin: Health and Safety Authority.
• EPA. (1995). Introduction to Statistical Inventory Reconciliation for Underground Storage Tanks. US: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
• EPA. (2005). Straight Talk on Tanks, Leak Detection Methods for Petroleum Underground Storage Tanks and Piping. US: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
• EPA. (2015). Musts for USTs. Washington: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
• EPA. (2017). Learn About Underground Storage Tanks (USTs): EPA.
• EPDK. (2019). 1240 Sayılı Kurul Kararında Değişiklik Yapılmasına Dair Kurul Kararı (pp. 12-37). Ankara: Enerji Piyasası Düzenleme Kurumu.
• ERC. (2016). Design, Commissioning, Decommissioning and Recommissioning of Petroleum Retail Service Stations Energy Regulatory Commission (ERC).
• Gorawski, M., Gorawska, A., & Pasterak, K. (2017). The TUBE algorithm: Discovering trends in time series for the early detection of fuel leaks from underground storage tanks. Expert Systems with Applications, 90, 356-373. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2017.08.016
• Jin Tao Wang, Z. Y. L., Lin Tong, Li Gong Guo, Xue Song Bao, Long Zhang. (2013). Precise Measurement on Form of Horizontal Tank Used for Liquid Volume Metrology by Laser Method. Applied Mechanics and Materials, (239-240). Trans Tech, Switzerland.
• Keating, J. P., & Mason, R. (2000). Using statistical models to detect leaks in underground storage tanks (Vol. 11).
• Khaisongkram, W., & Banjerdpongchai, D. (2004). A combined geometric-volumetric calibration of inclined cylindrical underground storage tanks using the regularized least-squares method (Vol. 2).
• Knyva, V., & Knyva, M. (2012). New Method for Calibration of Horizontal Fuel Tanks. [Calibration; Fuel storage; laser; level measurement]. 2012, 18(9).
• Li, Y. (2014). Research on Horizontal Tank Position Identification and Capacity Indicator Calibration. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 443, 662-667. doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.443.662.
• Mensura. (2013). Mensura 3D Laser Scan Retrieved 13.01.2020, 2020, from http://mensura.com.tr/3D.html.
• Nosach, V. V. (2000). Calculation of the Calibration Characteristics of Inclined Cylindrical Storage Tanks by a Geometric Method. Measurement Techniques, 43(10), 871-876. doi: 10.1023/a:1007603409659.
• Queensland. (2016). A Guide for Service Station Operators under the Work Health and Safety Act.
• R.W., M. J. W. H. (1991). Chemical Stored in USTs: Characteristics and Leak Detection EPA/600/2-91/037.
• Shinn, R. C. (2001). A Guide to the Operation and Maintenance of Your Underground Storage Tank System New Jersey: New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection.
• Texas. (2017). Release Detection and Inventory Control for Petroleum Storage Tanks. Texas: Texas Commission on Environmental Quality.
• TORA. (2016). TORA Training- Fuel Service Stations Technical Safety TORA .
• TSE. (2006). TS 12820 Petrol Filling Stations - Safety Requirements: Turkish Standards Institution.
• VR. (2009). TLS Magnetostrictive Technology. In Veeder-Root (Ed.).
• VR. (2013). TLS Foundation Training for TLS Gauge Engineers. Environmental Systems. Veeder-Root.
• VR. (2015). Fuel Management Services (FMS) - SIR Environmental: Gilbarco Veeder-Root.
• VR. (2016). Detecting and Reducing Loss in Your Fueling System: Veeder-Root.
• Xie, W., Wang, X., Cui, H., & Chen, J. (2012). Optimization Model of Oil-Volume Marking with Tilted Oil Tank. Open Journal of Optimization, Vol.01No.02, 5. doi: 10.4236/ojop.2012.12004.