Mental iş yükü ve uyanık olma durumunda kullanılan nöroergonomik yöntemler

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 43 Sayı: Ek 1, 295 - 300, 29.12.2018

Gizem Gül Koç Ali Kokangül

https://doi.org/10.17826/cumj.448430

Öz

Nöroergonomi, insan beyninin iş
performansı ve günlük yaşam sırasında karşılaşılan beyin fonksiyonu ve
davranışları hakkında değerli bilgiler elde edebilme adına geliştirilen bir bilim
dalıdır. Teori ve prensiplerini ergonomi, sinirbilim ve insan faktörlerinden
alır. Nöroergonomi çalışmaları sırasında beyin yapılarını, mekanizmalarını ve
işlevlerini anlamak için nörogörüntüleme teknikleri kullanılır. Nörogörüntüleme
teknikleri, iki genel kategoriye ayrılır; bunlar, elektroensefalografi gibi (EEG) gibi uyaranlara cevapta nöronal
aktivitenin direkt göstergeleri ve pozitron emisyon tomografisi - bilgisayarlı
tomografi (PET-BT), fonksiyonel manyetik rezonans görüntüleme (fMRG), fonksiyonel yakın kızılötesi spektroskopi
(fNIRS), fonksiyonel Transkranyal Doppler (fTCD) gibi nöronal
aktivitenin endirekt metabolik göstergeleridir. Bu derlemede mental iş yükü ve
uyanık olma durumunda kullanılan nöroergonomik yöntemler gözden geçirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Nörobilim, ergonomi

Neuroergonomic methods used in mental workload and vigilance

Öz

Neuroergonomics is the study of the behavior of the human brain. Its theories and principles are based on ergonomics, neuroscience, and the extant literature on human beings. Neuroimaging studies use neuroimaging techniques to understand the structures, mechanisms, and functions of the brain. Neuroimaging techniques are divided into two general categories: direct displays of neuronal activity in response to stimuli, such as electroencephalography (EEG) and positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT), and indirect metabolic indicators of neuronal activity, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRG), functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), and functional transcranial Doppler sonography (fTCD). This review outlines the techniques and current applications of neuroergonomic methods used in mental workload and vigilance.

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