Assessment the risk factors of gastroenteritis and the role of antibiotics used Ampicillin and Ampicillin plus Amikacin in the treatment among children aged 3-60 months from 1-7-2013 to 1-10 2013 in Kamal Odwan Hospital, prospective study.

Year 2014, Volume: 39 Issue: 4, 0 - , 22.07.2014

Hashem M. Mansour

https://doi.org/10.17826/cutf.09479

Abstract

The term gastroenteritis denotes infections of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract caused by bacterial, viral, parasitic pathogens or chemical agents and food intolerance, none of which requires antimicrobial therapy. The broad principles of management of acute gastroenteritis in children include oral rehydration therapy, enteral feeding and diet selection, zinc supplementation, and additional therapies such as probiotics. Dehydration must be evaluated rapidly and corrected in 4-6 hr according to the degree of dehydration. Probiotics used as an adjunct to oral rehydration therapy decreased the duration of diarrhea, especially in rotavirus gastroenteritis. Early refeeding reduces the duration of diarrhea. The aim of this study is to evaluate the risk factors associated with diarrhea and the antibiotic used ampicillin and ampicillin plus amikacin in the treatment of inpatient children with acute gastroenteritis.

Keywords

gastroenteritis, antibiotics, ampicillin, amikacin, hydration, feeding.

Gastroenteritin Risk Faktörlerinin Değerlendirilmesi ve Ampisilin ve Ampisilin artı Amikasinin Rolü

Abstract

Gastroenterit gastrointestinal sistemdeantimikrobiyaltedavigerektirmeyenfakatbakteriyal, viral, parazitik patojen enfeksiyonları veya kimyasal ajanlara ve gıdaya tolaransına bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan bir hastalıktır.Çocuklarda oral rehidrasyon tedavisi, enteral beslenme ve diyet seçimi, çinko takviyesi, probiyotikler gibi ekterapiler akut gastroenterit yönetiminin temel basamaklarıdır.Dehidrasyon derecesine bağlı olarak 4-5 saat içinde doğru ve hızlı olarak kontrol edilmelidir. Probiyotikler- oral rehidrasyon tedavisinde ek olarak kullanılan- özellikle gastroenterit rotavirüse bağlı gelişen diyare süresini azaltmıştır. Erken beslenmede diyare süresini azaltmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, diyare ve antibiyotik olarakampisilin ve ampisilin artı amikasin kullanan hastanede yatarak tedavi edilen çocuklarda risk faktörlerini ilişkilendirerek değerlendirmektir.

Keywords

Gastroenterit, antibiyotik, ampisilin, amikasin, hidrasyon, beslenme

References

• Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF. 19th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2011.
• Kirkwood CD, Bogdanovic-Sakran N, Cannan D, Bishop RF, Barnes GL. National rotavirus surveillance program annual report 2004-5. Commun Dis Intell 2006;30:133-6.
• US Food and Drug Administration Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. Bacterial explanations. Bacterial testing and analysis at FPL. www.fplabs.com/bactlist.htm. Elizabeth Jane Elliott, BMJ. 2007;334:35–40.
• Guerrant RL, Van Gilder T, Steiner TS, et al. Practice guidelines for the management of infectious diarrhea. Clin Infect Dis 2001;32:331--51.
• Tham EB, Nathan R, Davidson GP, Moore DJ. Bowel habits of healthy Australian children aged 0-2 years. J Paediatr Child Health 1996;32:504-7.]
• King CK, Glass R, Bresee JS, Duggan C; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Managing acute gastroenteritis among children. MMWR Recomm Rep 2003;52:1-16.
• Galati JC, Harsley S, Richmond P, Carlin JB. The burden of rotavirus-related illness among young children on the Australian health care system. Aust N Z J Public Health 2006;30:416-21.
• Steiner MJ, DeWalt DA, Byerley JS. Is this child dehydrated? The rational clinical examination. JAMA 2004;291:2746-54.
• World Health Organization. The treatment of diarrhoea—a manual for physicians and other senior health workers. 4th rev. Geneva: WHO, 2005.
• Acute Gastroenteritis Guideline Team. Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center. Evidence-based care guidelines. Gastroenteritis. 2005. www.cincinnatichildrens.org/svc/alpha/h/healthpolicy/ev-based/gastro.htm.
• Allen SJ, Okoko B, Martinez E, Gregorio G, Dans LF. Probiotics for treating infectious diarrhoea. Cochrane Database Syst Rev.2003;CD003048.]
• Brown KH, Peerson JM, Fontaine O. Use of nonhuman milks in the dietary management of young children with acute diarrhea: a meta-analysis of clinical trials. Pediatrics 1994;93:17-27.
• Elliott EJ, Peadon E. Expert commentary on Alhashimi D, Alhashimi H, Fedorowicz Z. Antiemetics for reducing vomiting related to acute gastroenteritis in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database Syst Rev Evidence-Based Child Health 2006;CD005506.
• Bahl R, Baqui A, Bhan MK, Bhatnagar S, Black RE, Brooks A, et al. Effect of zinc supplementation on clinical course of acute diarrhoea. Report of a meeting, New Delhi, 7-8 May 2001. J Health PopulNutr. 2001;19:338-46.
• Martina NoonePaediatrics and Child Health. 2012;22:426–31.
• Van Trieu De Potual l Management of acute diarrhea in childrenHôpital Jean-Verdier, service de pédiatrie, 93140 Bondycedex, France. [e-mail] (Paris, France : 1983). 2013;42:60-5.
• Chiu C.H., Lin T.Y., Ou J.T. A clinical trial comparing oral azithromycin, cefixime and no antibiotics in the treatment of acute uncomplicated Salmonella enteritis in children. Paediatr Child Health. 1999;35:372-4.
• Pickering LK, Cleary TG. Therapy for diarrheal illness in children. In: Blaser MJ, Ravdin JI, Guerrant RL, Smith PD, Greenburg HB, eds. Infections of the gastrointestinal tract: microbiology, pathophysiology and clinical features. 2 nd ed. New York, NY: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2002:1223-40.
• American Academy of Pediatrics. Drugs for parasitic infections. In: Pickering LK, ed. Red Book, 2003: report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases. 26 th ed. Elk Grove, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics. 2003:744-70.
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Diagnosis and management of foodborne illnesses: a primer for physicians. MMWR. 2001;50:1-69.
• Sader H.S., Jones R.N., Gales A.C., et al. SENTRY antimicrobial surveillance program report: Latin American and Brazilian results for 1997 through 200 Braz J Infect Dis. 2004;8:25-79.
• Oplustil C.P., Nunes R., Mendes C., RESISTNET Group. Multicenter evaluation of resistance patterns of Klebsiellapneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., and Shigella spp. isolated from clinical specimens in Brazil: RESISTNET surveillance program. Braz J infect dis. 2001;5:8-12
• Daniel R. Diniz-Santos. Av. Princesa Isabel, 549, apt. 11, Barra Avenida, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. The Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2006;10:217-27.
• YazışmaAdresi / Address for Correspondence: Dr. Hashem M. Mansour Kamal OdwanHospital Clinical Pharmacis-GAZA E-mail:[e-mail] G eliştarihi/Received on :01.03.2014
• Kabul tarihi/Accepted on: 10.04.2014