Deformability of Erythrocytes and Oxidative Damage in Alzheimer Disease

Year 2012, Volume: 37 Issue: 2, 65 - 75, 01.06.2012

Mükerrem Betül Yerer Sami Aydogan Emel Köseoğlu Recep Baştuğ

Abstract

Purpose: A lowered cerebral perfusion as a consequence of hemodynamic microcirculatory insufficiency is one of the factors underlying in Alzheimer's disease, which is a neurodegenerative disorder leading to progressive cognitive impairment. Erythrocyte deformability is one of the major factors affecting the microcirculatory hemodynamics which is closely related to the oxidative damage. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between the erythrocyte deformability, nitric oxide levels and oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease. Methods: The blood samples of 30 elderly people in three groups consisting of healthy control and different severities of the disease (low and severe) were used. Then the erythrocytes were isolated and the deformability of erythrocytes was determined by Rheodyne SSD evaluating the elongation indexes of the erythrocytes under different shear stress. The catalase, glutathione peroxidase and plasma nitric oxide levels were measured spectrophotometric ally. Results: The plasma nitric oxide levels, catalase activities were found significantly higher and glutathione peroxidase activity was significantly lower in severe Alzheimer's disease patients compared to the control group. However, the deformability of erythrocytes was not significantly affected from these alterations. Conclusion: the oxidant-antioxidant status is dramatically changed in Alzheimer's disease patients with the severity of the disease and similar alterations were seen in the nitric oxide levels without any significant change in erythrocyte deformability.

Keywords

Alzheimer ’s disease, erythrocyte deformability, nitric oxide, antioxidant enzymes.

Alzheimer Hastalığında Eritrosit Deformabilitesi ve Oksidatif Hasar

Abstract

Amaç: Progresif kognitif bozukluğa yol açan bir nörodejeneratif hastalık olan Alzheimer hastalığı’nın altında yatan faktörlerden biri hemodinamik mikro dolaşım yetmezliğe bağlı gelişen azalmış serebral perfüzyondur. Oksidatif hasarla yakından bağlantılı olan eritrosit deformabilitesi, mikro dolaşım hemodinamiğini etkileyen başlıca faktörlerden biridir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Alzheimer hastalığı’nda eritrosit deformabilitesi, nitrik oksit seviyesi ve oksidatif stres arasındaki bağlantıyı araştırmaktır. Yöntem: Sağlıklı kontrol grubu ve farklı şiddette hastalığı (hafif, ağır) olan gruplar şeklinde üç grup yaşlı kişinin kan örnekleri kullanıldı. Sonrasında eritrositler izole edildi ve eritrosit deformabilitesi, Rheodyne SSD ile farklı shear streste eritrosit uzama indeksleri çalışılarak belirlendi. Katalaz, glutathion peroksidaz ve plazma nitrik oksit seviyeleri spektrofotometrik olarak belirlendi. Bulgular: Kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında şiddetli Alzheimer hastalığı olan hastalarda plazma nitrik oksit ve katalaz aktivitelerinin önemli derecede yüksek ve glutathion peroksidaz aktivitesinin ise önemli oranda düşük olduğu bulundu. Bununla birlikte eritrosit deformabilitesinin bu değişikliklerden önemli şekilde etkilenmediği gözlendi. Sonuç: Alzheimer hastalığı’nda hastalığın şiddetlenmesi ile oksidan-antioksidan durumu dramatik olarak değişmekte ve benzer değişimler önemli oranda eritrosit deformabilitesi eşlik etmeden nitrik oksit seviyelerinde de görülmektedir.

Keywords

Alzheimer hastalığı, eritrosit deformabililitesi, nitrik oksit, antioksidan enzimler

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