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Can We Differentiate Pyelonephritis and Cystitis without 99mTc-Dimercaptosuccinic Acid Scan in Children?

Year 2015, Volume: 40 Issue: 3, 495 - 503, 30.09.2015
https://doi.org/10.17826/cutf.21897

Abstract

Purpose: Urinary tract infection is one of the most common infections in childhood. Because of the long term sequelae, differentiation of pyelonephritis from cystitis is important. The aim of this study is to determine the value of biomarkers such as C-reactive protein and procalcitonin and whether preferred to predict pyelonephritis in children without 99mTcDimercaptosuccinic Acid scan. Material and Methods: Fifty children aged 3 months to 16 years with a first urinary tract infection were included in this retrospective observational study. The medians, sensitivity, specificity, and cut-off values of serum C - reactive protein and procalcitonin to predict pyelonephritis were determined. Results: Thirty-two (64%) patients were diagnosed with pyelonephritis and 18 (36%) were diagnosed with cystitis. The cut-off value for C - reactive protein was 34 mg/L to predict pyelonephritis, with 69% sensitivity and 61% specificity. The cut-off value for procalcitonin was 0.23 ng/mL to predict pyehlonephritis, with 69% sensitivity and 66% specificity. In combination, these biomarkers were 63% sensitive and 78% specific to predict pyelonephritis. Conclusion: Using a combination of procalcitonin and C-Reactive Protein is preferred to predict pyelonephritis in children, instead of the 99mTc-Dimercaptosuccinic Acid scan. Because of its disadvantages, the 99mTcDimercaptosuccinic Acid scan should be avoided in children.

References

  • American Academy of Pediatrics. Practice parameter: the diagnosis, treatment, and evaluation of the initial urinary tract infection in febrile infants and young children. Pediatrics. 1999;103:843-52.
  • Ammenti A, Cataldi L, Chimenz R, et al. Febrile urinary recommendations for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Acta-Paediatr. 2012;10:451-7. children:
  • Glauser MP, Lyons JM, Braude AI. Prevention of chronic experimental pyelonephritis by suppression of acute suppuration. J Clin Invest. 1978;61:403-7.
  • Bek K, Akman S, Bilge I, et al. Chronic kidney disease in children in Turkey. Pediatr Nephrol. 2009;24:797-806.
  • Jodal U, Lindberg U. Guidelines for management of children with urinary tract infection and vesico- ureteral reflux. Recommendation from Swedish state of the art conference. Acta Paediatr. 1999;431:87-9.
  • Rushton HG. The evaluation of acute pyhelonephritis and dimercaptosuccinic acid renal scintigraphy: evolving technetium 99m- in the emergency
  • Ayazi P, Mahyar A, Hashemi HJ, et al. Comparison of procalcitonin and C-reactive protein tests in children with urinary tract infection. Iran J Pediatr. 2009;19:381-6.
  • Güven AG, Kazdal HZ, Koyun M, et al. Accurate diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis: How helpful is procalcitonin? Nucl Med Commun. 2006;27:715-21.
  • Tuerlinckx D, Borght TV, Glupczynski Y, et al. Is procalcitonin a good marker of renal lesion in febrile urinary tract infection? Eur J Pediatr. 2005;164:651-2.
  • Bigot S, Leblond P, Foucher C, et al. Usefulness of procalcitonin for the diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis in children. Arch Pediatr. 2005;12:1075-80.
  • Karavanaki K, Haliotis FA, Sourani M, et al. DMSA scintigraphy in febrile urinary tract infections could be omitted in children with low procalcitonin levels. Infect Dis Clin Prac. 2007;15:377-81.
  • Kotoula A, Gardikis S, Tsalkidis A, et al. Comparative conventional inflammatory markers for prediction of renal parenchymal inflammation in pediatric first urinary tract infection. Urology. 2009;73:782-6. and
  • Infect Dis J. 2003;22:438-42.

Çocuklarda 99mTc-Dimerkaptosüksinik Asid ile Sintigrafik Görüntü Yapılmaksızın Piyelonefrit ve Sistit Tanısı Ayırt Edilebilir mi?

Year 2015, Volume: 40 Issue: 3, 495 - 503, 30.09.2015
https://doi.org/10.17826/cutf.21897

Abstract

Amaç: İdrar yolu enfeksiyonu, çocukluk çağının en sık görülen enfeksiyonlarından biridir. Piyelonefritin uzun dönemde görülen sekelleri nedeniyle sistitten ayırımı önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, çocuklarda 99mTc-Dimerkaptosüksinik Asid ile sintigrafik görüntüleme yapılmaksızın piyelonefrit ayırımını yapmakta prokalsitonin ve C-Reaktif Protein gibi belirteçlerin tanısal değerini saptamak, 99mTc-Dimerkaptosüksinik Asid ile sintigrafik görüntüleme yapılacak hastalar konusunda yol gösterici olup olmayacağını belirlemektir. Materyal ve Metod: Bu çalışmaya, 3 ay ile 16 yaş arasında, ilk kez idrar yolu enfeksiyonu geçiren 50 çocuk dahil edilmiştir. Retrospektif gözleme dayalı bir çalışmadır. Piyelonefrit tanısı için serum C-Reaktif Protein ve prokalsitonin düzeylerinin ortanca değeri, duyarlılık, özgüllük ve cut-off değerleri saptandı. Bulgular: Hastaların 32’si (%64) piyelonefrit tanısı alırken, 18 (%36) hasta sistit tanısı aldı. Piyelonefrit tanısı için CReaktif Protein cut-off değeri %69 duyarlılık ve %61 özgüllük ile 34 mg/L iken, prokalsitonin için bu değer %69 duyarlılık ve %66 özgüllük ile 0,23 ng/mL saptandı. Her iki belirteçin birlikte kullanılması ise %63 duyarlılık ve %78 özgüllük ile piyelonefrit tanısını destekledi. Sonuç: Çocuklarda piyelonefrit tanısını koymakta serum prokalsitonin ve C-Reaktif Proteinin birlikte değerlendirilmesi, 99mTc-Dimerkaptosüksinik Asid ile sintigrafik görüntüleme yapılacak hastalarda yol gösterici olabilir. Böylece çocuklar 99mTc-Dimerkaptosüksinik Asid ile sintigrafik görüntülemenin dezavantajlarından uzak tutulabilir.

References

  • American Academy of Pediatrics. Practice parameter: the diagnosis, treatment, and evaluation of the initial urinary tract infection in febrile infants and young children. Pediatrics. 1999;103:843-52.
  • Ammenti A, Cataldi L, Chimenz R, et al. Febrile urinary recommendations for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Acta-Paediatr. 2012;10:451-7. children:
  • Glauser MP, Lyons JM, Braude AI. Prevention of chronic experimental pyelonephritis by suppression of acute suppuration. J Clin Invest. 1978;61:403-7.
  • Bek K, Akman S, Bilge I, et al. Chronic kidney disease in children in Turkey. Pediatr Nephrol. 2009;24:797-806.
  • Jodal U, Lindberg U. Guidelines for management of children with urinary tract infection and vesico- ureteral reflux. Recommendation from Swedish state of the art conference. Acta Paediatr. 1999;431:87-9.
  • Rushton HG. The evaluation of acute pyhelonephritis and dimercaptosuccinic acid renal scintigraphy: evolving technetium 99m- in the emergency
  • Ayazi P, Mahyar A, Hashemi HJ, et al. Comparison of procalcitonin and C-reactive protein tests in children with urinary tract infection. Iran J Pediatr. 2009;19:381-6.
  • Güven AG, Kazdal HZ, Koyun M, et al. Accurate diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis: How helpful is procalcitonin? Nucl Med Commun. 2006;27:715-21.
  • Tuerlinckx D, Borght TV, Glupczynski Y, et al. Is procalcitonin a good marker of renal lesion in febrile urinary tract infection? Eur J Pediatr. 2005;164:651-2.
  • Bigot S, Leblond P, Foucher C, et al. Usefulness of procalcitonin for the diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis in children. Arch Pediatr. 2005;12:1075-80.
  • Karavanaki K, Haliotis FA, Sourani M, et al. DMSA scintigraphy in febrile urinary tract infections could be omitted in children with low procalcitonin levels. Infect Dis Clin Prac. 2007;15:377-81.
  • Kotoula A, Gardikis S, Tsalkidis A, et al. Comparative conventional inflammatory markers for prediction of renal parenchymal inflammation in pediatric first urinary tract infection. Urology. 2009;73:782-6. and
  • Infect Dis J. 2003;22:438-42.
There are 13 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research
Authors

Buket Kılıçaslan This is me

Aytül Noyan This is me

Nurcan Cengiz This is me

Çağla Sarıtürk This is me

Gönül Parmaksız This is me

Esra Baskın This is me

Publication Date September 30, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2015 Volume: 40 Issue: 3

Cite

MLA Kılıçaslan, Buket et al. “Can We Differentiate Pyelonephritis and Cystitis Without 99mTc-Dimercaptosuccinic Acid Scan in Children?”. Cukurova Medical Journal, vol. 40, no. 3, 2015, pp. 495-03, doi:10.17826/cutf.21897.