Pregnancy, Childbirth, and Postpartum Period in Cardiovascular Diseases

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases during pregnancy are the primary cause of indirect maternal deaths. Factors such as advancing maternal age, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and changing dietary habits contribute to the increased maternal mortality rates associated with cardiovascular diseases. Comprehensive history taking and physical examination should be conducted during pregnancy to assess cardiovascular risk. Accordingly, the pregnancy and delivery should be planned based on the classification of the mother's heart disease and any identified cardiac conditions. Women with heart disease must deliver in a hospital setting. The mode and place of delivery should be determined by an experienced healthcare team. Delivery should occur in a center where a multidisciplinary approach can be implemented. While an individualized birth plan should be developed, vaginal delivery is generally preferred. Medications used by the woman should be evaluated for safety during the postpartum and lactation periods. This review aims to examine cardiovascular diseases during pregnancy, delivery, and the postpartum period in light of the literature.

Keywords

• Childbirth
• Postpartum Period
• Cardiovascular diseases

Kardiyovasküler Hastalıklarda Gebelik, Doğum ve Doğum Sonu Dönem

Abstract

Gebelikte kardiyovasküler hastalıklar dolaylı anne ölümlerinin başlıca nedenidir. İlerleyen gebelik yaşı, obezite, sedanter yaşam tarzı ve değişen beslenme alışkanlıkları gibi faktörler kardiyovasküler sistem hastalıklarına bağlı anne ölüm oranlarında artmaya sebep olmaktadır. Gebelik sırasında ayrıntılı öykü alma ve fizik muayene ile kardiyovasküler risk değerlendirmesi yapılmalıdır. Bu doğrultuda gebenin kalp hastalıkları sınıflandırma sistemine göre derecesi ve saptanan kalp rahatsızlıkları doğrultusunda gebeliği ve doğumu planlanmalıdır. Kalp hastası kadınların mutlaka hastane ortamında doğum yapması sağlanmalıdır. Deneyimli bir sağlık ekibi tarafından doğum şekli ve doğum yerine karar verilmelidir. Doğum multidisipliner yaklaşım uygulanabilecek bir merkezde yapılmalıdır. Bireysel doğum planıyla birlikte genellikle vajinal doğum tercih edilebilir. Kadının kullandığı aldığı ilaçlar, doğum sonu ve laktasyon sürecinde de güvenlik açısından değerlendirilmelidir. Bu derlemenin amacı gebelik, doğum ve doğum sonu dönemde kardiyovasküler hastalıkları literatür doğrultusunda irdelemektir.

Keywords

• Gebelik
• doğum
• doğum sonu dönem
• kardiyovasküler hastalıklar

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