18-25 Yaş Aralığındaki Sedanter Bireylerde Reaksiyon Zamanı Ve El Beceri Düzeyine Orta Şiddetteki Aerobik Egzersizin Akut Etkisi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 3, 172 - 186, 30.12.2020

Arzu Keskin Aktan Özden Kutlay

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, 18-25 yaş aralığındaki sedanter bireylerde orta şiddetteki aerobik egzersizin, reaksiyon zamanı ve el beceri düzeyine akut etkisini araştırmaktır. Çalışmada sağlıklı 40 gönüllünün katılımı ile randomize iki grup oluşturuldu: Kontrol (n=20) ve Egzersiz (n=20). Egzersiz grubuna 5 dk ısınma, 20 dk tempolu yürüyüş ve 5 dk soğuma periyodlarından oluşan toplamda 30 dk’lık eğimsiz düz zeminde yürüme egzersizi yaptırıldı. Kontrol grubu ise bu süreci istirahat halinde geçirdi. Egzersiz şiddetinin belirlenmesinde “kalp hızı rezervi” (HRR) metodu kullanıldı ve bireye özel hedef kalp hızlarının hesaplaması [HKH=(KHmax–KHistirahat)×%şiddet+KHistirahat] formülü ile yapıldı. Isınma ve soğuma periyodları düşük şiddette (HRR %30-40), tempolu yürüyüş periyodu ise orta şiddette (HRR %40-60) olacak şekilde belirlendi ve egzersiz süresince “Polar FT7” ile katılımcıların kalp hızı takibi yapıldı. Reaksiyon zamanının ölçümünde Ruler-Drop (RD) testi, el becerisinin değerlendirilmesinde ise Purdue-Pegboard (PP) testi kullanıldı. RD ve PP testleri egzersiz ya da istirahatten hemen-önce (ÖT), hemen-sonra (ST) ve 30 dk sonra (ST30) olmak üzere 3 farklı zaman diliminde yinelendi. Egzersiz grubunda ST’deki reaksiyon zamanının ÖT’ye ve kontrol grubuna kıyasla anlamlı düzeyde kısaldığı bulundu (p<0,05). Egzersiz grubunun ST30’daki PP-çift el beceri puanının ÖT’ ye ve kontrol grubuna kıyasla anlamlı olarak arttığı görüldü (p<0,05). PP-sağ el, PP-sol el, PP-toplam ve PP-birleştirme puanlarında ise gruplar arasında anlamlı farklılaşma bulunmadı. Ayrıca, reaksiyon zamanı ile PP-çift el, PP-toplam ve PP-birleştirme puanları arasında negatif yönde korelasyon saptantı (p<0,05). Çalışma bulgularımız orta şiddette yapılan akut aerobik egzersizin reaksiyon zamanında kısalma sağlayarak, el-göz koordinasyonu gerektiren bilateral el aktivitesinde performans artışına katkı sağlayabileceğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aerobik egzersiz, El becerisi, Purdue-Pegboard, Reaksiyon zamanı

The Acute Effect Of Moderate Aerobic Exercise On Reaction Time And Hand Skill Level In Sedentary Individuals Aged Between 18-25 Years Old

Öz

This study aims to investigate the acute effect of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on reaction time and dexterity in sedentary individuals aged 18-25 years. In the study, two randomized groups were formed with 40 healthy participants: Control (n=20) and Exercise (n=20). In the exercise group, a total of 30 minutes of walking exercise on flat ground without slope, consisting of 5 minutes of warm-up, 20 minutes of brisk walking, and 5 minutes of cool-down, was performed. The control group spent this time at rest. The "heart rate reserve" method (HRR) was used to determine the exercise intensity, and the calculation of individual target heart rates was made using the formula [THR=(HRmax-HRrest)×% intensity+HRrest]. Warm-up and cool-down periods were determined to be at low intensity (HRR 30-40%) and brisk walking period at medium-intensity (HRR 40-60%), and during the exercise process, the heart rate of the participants was monitored with “Polar FT7”. The Ruler-Drop (RD) test was used to measure the reaction time, and the Purdue-Pegboard (PP) test was used to evaluate manual dexterity. RD and PP tests were repeated in 3 different periods: just before exercise (BE), immediately after (AE), and 30 minutes after (AE30). The reaction time in AE was significantly shortened in the exercise group compared to the BE and control group (p<0.05). It was observed that the PP-both hands skill score in the AE30 of the exercise group increased significantly compared to the BE and the control group (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between the groups in PP-right hand, PP-left hand, PP-sum, and PP-assembly scores. Also, a negative correlation was found between reaction time and PP-both hands, PP-sum, and PP-assembly scores (p<0.05). Our study findings show that acute aerobic exercise performed at moderate-intensity can increase bilateral hand skill performance that requires hand-eye coordination by providing shortening of reaction time.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aerobic exercise, Hand dexterity, Purdue-Pegboard, Reaction time

Kaynakça

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