Development of resistant tomato population with bacterial canker resistance genes from interspecific hybrids by the support of embryo rescue

Öz

Bacterial canker is one of the most important diseases causing economic yield loss in tomato production areas in the world. The best way to control for this disease is to use resistant varieties. However, there are few studies on variety breeding studies of this disease compared with other disease resistant breeding studies. In this study we aimed to improve inbred lines carrying bacterial canker resistance genes to use in the breeding of resistant varieties. Susceptible inbred line AK1 (S. esculentum) and resistant LA2157 (S. peruvianum) were crossed. Embryo rescue and ovule culture techniques were applied in 30 fruits to get F1 hybrids. Rescued embryos and immature ovules were cultured in petri dishes containing solidified MS medium without hormone. 30 healty embryos were excised and cultured from 30 fruits 27-61 day old (1 embryo fruit^-1) in embryo rescue method. The two surviving plants from acclimatization were transferred to the greenhouse to get their BC1 progenies. Resistance tests were performed according to the stem inoculation method in the BC₁ and BC₂ progenies. The mixture of 14 aggressive Turkish Cmm strains were used to confirm the resistance. The plants were valued by 0-4 scale. Plants with 0 and 1 scale values were used to obtain next progenies. A total of 80 BC₃ resistant progenies were transferred to our variety breeding programme.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Tomato; Clavibacter; Embryo rescue; Breeding

Domateste türlerarası melezlemelerde embriyo kurtarma desteğiyle bakteriyel kansere dayanıklı populasyonun geliştirilmesi

Öz

Bakteriyel kanser dünyada domates üretimi yapılan alanlarda verimde önemli ekonomik kayıplara neden olmaktadır. Dayanıklı çeşit kullanımı, hastalığın kontrolünde en etkili yoldur. Hastalığa dayanıklı çeşit ıslah çalışmalarında ise diğer hastalıklarla karşılaştırdığımızda yeterince çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı dayanıklı çeşit geliştirme programlarında kullanılabilecek, bakteriyel kansere dayanıklı genleri taşıyan hatları geliştirmektir. Araştırmada hassas hat AK1 (S. esculentum) ile dayanıklı LA2157 (S. peruvianum) melezlenmiştir. F1 hibrit elde etmek için açılan 30 meyvede embriyo kurtarma ve ovül kültürü tekniği kullanılmıştır. Kurtarılmış embriyolar ve olgunlaşmamış ovuller, hormonsuz MS ortamındaki petri kaplarına alınmıştır. 27-61 günlük 30 meyveden embriyo kurtarma metodu ile 30 sağlıklı embriyo (1 embriyo meyve^-1) çıkartılmış ve kültüre alınmıştır. Aklimatizasyon sonucu canlı kalan 2 bitki, BC₁ geriye melez bireylerini elde etmek amacıyla seraya aktarılmıştır. BC₁ ve BC₂ bitkilerinde gövde inokulasyon metodu kullanılarak dayanıklılık testlemeleri yapılmıştır. Dayanıklılığı belirlemede 14 agresif Türk Cmm izolatı karışımı kullanılmıştır. Bitkiler 0-4 skala değerine göre değerlendirilmiş, 0 ve 1 skala değerine sahip bitkiler kademe ilerlemesi için kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda toplam 80 BC₃ dayanıklı bitki, çeşit ıslah çalışmalarına aktarılmıştır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Domates; Clavibacter; Embriyo kurtarma; Islah

Kaynakça

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