Objective: To evaluate the effects of ghrelin, leptin and lipid levels on growth status of healthyinfants fed with breastmilk (BF) and formula (FF).Material and Metods: This study was performed in 46 healthy infants. The study group wassubdivided into two subgroups according to nutrition status as breastfed and formula infants.These infants were evaluated at two different times (mean of the second and fifth months,respectively). The ghrelin, leptin, triglyceride and total cholesterol levels of infants were studiedat the first visit.Results: Plasma total ghrelin concentrations were significantly higher in BF group than FFgroup(p
Dewey KG, Heinig MJ, Nommsen LA, Peerson JM, Lönnerdal B: Growth of breast-fed and formula-fed infants from 0 to 18 months: the. DARLING Study. Pediatrics. 89 :1035-1041, 1992
Agostini C, Grandi F, Gianni ML, Silano M, Torcoletti M, Giovannini M, Riva E: Growth patterns of breast fed and formula fed infants in the first 12 months of life: an Italian study. Arch Dis Child. 81:395-399, 1999
Huh SY, Rifas-Shiman SL, Taveras EM, Oken E, Gillman MW: Timing of solid food introduction and risk of obesity in preschool-aged children. Pediatrics. 127:544-551, 2011
Li R, Fein SB, Grummer-Strawn LM: Do Infants Fed From Bottles Lack Self-regulation of Milk Intake Compared With Directly Breastfed Infants? Pediatrics. 125:1386-1393, 2010
Savino F, Fissore MF, Liguori SA, Oggero R: Can hormones contained in mothers' milk account for the beneficial effect of breast-feeding on obesity in children? Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 71:757-765,2009
Bartok CJ, Ventura AK: Mechanisms underlying the association between breastfeeding and obesity. Int J Pediatr Obes. 4:196-204, 2009
Kojima M, Kangawa K: Structure and function of ghrelin. Results Probl Cell Differ. 46:89-115, 2008
Bluher S, Mantzoros CS: The role of leptin in regulating neuroendocrine function in humans. J Nutr. 134:2469-2474, 2004
Hosoda H, Doi K, Nagaya N, Okumura H, Nakagawa E, Enomoto M: Optimum collection and storage conditions for ghrelin measurements: octanoyl modification of ghrelin is rapidly hydrolyzed to desacyl ghrelin in blood samples. Clin Chem. 50:1077-1180, 2004
Karatas Z, Durmus Aydogdu S, Dinleyici EC, Colak O, Dogruel N: Breastmilk ghrelin, leptin, and fat levels changing foremilk to hindmilk: is that important for self-control of feeding? Eur J Pediatr. 170:1273-80, 2011
Cavell B: Gastric emptying in infants fed human mil kor infant Formula. Acta Paediatr Scan. 70:639-641, 1981
Lucas A, Sarson Dl, Blackburn Am, Adrian TE, Aynsley-Green A, Bloom SR: Breast vs bottle: endocrine responses are different with formula feeding. Lancet. 1:1267-1269, 1980
Del Rincon JP, Thorner MO, Gaylinn BG: Motilin-related peptide and ghrelin: lessons from molecular techniques, peptide chemistry, and receptor biology. Gastroenterology. 120:587-588, 2001
Savino F, Grassino EC, Fissore MF, Guidi C, Liguori SA, Silvestro L: Ghrelin, motilin, insulin concentration in healthy infants in the first months of life: relation to fasting time and anthropometry. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 65:158-162, 2006
Gaige S, Abysique A, Bouvier M: Effects of leptin on cat intestinal motility. J Physiol. 546:267-277, 2003
Yiş U, Oztürk Y, Sişman AR, Uysal S, Soylu OB, Büyükgebiz B: The relation of serum ghrelin, leptin and insulin levels to the growth patterns and feeding characteristics in breast-fed versus formula-fed infants. Turk J Pediatr. 52:35-41, 2010
Savino F, Liguori SA, Fissore NF, Oggero R, Silvestro L, Miniero R: Serum Ghrelin Concentration and Wieght Gain in Heaalthy Term Infants in the First Year of Life. Journal Of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition. 41:653-659, 2005
Ng PC, Lee CH, Lam CW, Chan IH, Wong E, Fok TF: Ghrelin in preterm and term newborns: relation to anthropometry, leptin and insulin. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 63: 217-222, 2005
Camurdan MO, Bideci A, Demirel F, Cinaz P: Serum ghrelin, IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels in children with normal variant short stature. Endocr J. 3:479-484, 2006
Fukishama N, Hanada R, Teranishi H, Fukue Y, Tachibana T, Ishikawa H:. Ghrelin directly regulates bone formation. J Bone Miner Res. 20:790-798, 2005
Petridou E, Mantzoros CS, Belechri M, Skalkidou A, Dessypris N, Papathoma E, Salvanos H, Lee JH, Kedikoglou S, Chrousos G, Trichopoulos D: Neonatal leptin levels are strongly associated with female gender, birth length, IGF-I levels and formula feeding. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 62:366- 371, 2005
Savino F, Liguori SA, Petrucci E, Lupica MM, Fissore MF, Oggero R, Silvestro L: Evaluation of leptin in breast milk, lactating mothers and their infants. Eur J Clin Nutr. 64:972- 977, 2010
Lönnerdal B, Havel PJ: Serum leptin concentrations in infants: effects of diet, sex and adiposity. Am J Clin Nutr. 72:484-489, 2000
Savino F, Costamagna M, Prino A, Oggero R, Silvestro L: Leptin levels in breast-fed and formula-fed infants. Acta Paediatr. 91:897-902, 2002
Savino F, Fissore MF, Grossino EC, Nanni GE, Oggero R, Silvestro L: Ghrelin, leptin and IGF-I levels in breast-fed and Formula-fed infants in the first years of life. Acta Pediatrica. 94:531-537, 2005
Lage M, Baldelli R, Camine JP, Rodriguez-Garci J, Penalva A, Dieguez C, Casanueva FF: Presence of bovine leptin in edible commercial milk and formula. J Endocrinol Invest. 25:670-674, 2002
O'Connor D, Funanage V, Locke R, Spear M, Leef K: Leptin is not present in infant formulas. J Endocrinol Invest. 26:490, 2003
Resto M, O’Connor D, Leef K, Funanage V, Spear M, Locke R: Leptin levels in preterm human breast milk and infant formula. Pediatrics. 108:15-18, 2001
Stocks RJ, Davies DP, Allen F, Sewell D: Loss of breast milk nutrients during tube feeding. Arch Dis Child. 60:164-166, 1985
Torsello A, Scibona B, Leo G, Bresciani E, Avallone R, Bulgarelli I, Luoni M, Zoli M, Rindi G, Cocchi D, Locatelli V: Ontogeny and tissue-spesific regulation of ghrelin mRNA expression suggest that ghrelin is primarly involved in the control of extraendocrine functions in the rat. Neuoroendocrinology. 77:91-99, 2003
Nishi Y, Hiejima H, Hosoda H, Kaiya H, Mori K, Fukue Y, Yanase T, Nawata H, Kangawa K, Kojima M: Ingested medium-chain fatty acids are directly utilized for the acyl- modification of ghrelin. Endocrinology. 146:2709-2715, 2005
Piao H, Hosoda H, Kangawa K, Murata T, Narita K, Higuchi T: Ghrelin stimulates milk intake by affecting adult type feeding behaviour in postnatal rats. J Neuroendocrinol. 20:330- 334, 2008
Leite E, Cowden EA, Friesen HG: Endocrinology of lactation and nursing: disorders of lactationn. In: DeGroot LJ, ed. Endocrinology. 224-238, 1995
Ravelli AC, van der Meulen JH, Osmond C, Barker DJ, Bleker OP: Infant feeding and adult glucose tolerance, lipid profile, blood pressure, and obesity. Arch Dis Child. 82:248-252, 2000
Reiser RB, O’Brien C, Henderson GR, Morroe RW: Studies on a possible function for cholesterol in milk. Nutr Rep Int. 19:835-849, 1979
Uauy R, Mize CE, Castillo-Duran C: Fat intake during childhood: metabolic responses and effects on growth. Am J Clin Nutr. 72:354-360, 2000
Demmers TA, Jones PJ, Wang Y, Krug S, Creutzinger V, Heubi JE: Effects of early cholesterol intake on cholesterol biosynthesis and plasma lipids among infants until 18 months of age. Pediatrics. 115:1594-1601, 2005
Erken Bebeklik Döneminde Anne Sütü ve Formül Mama ile Beslenen Bebeklerin Ghrelin ve Leptin Düzeylerinin Büyüme Üzerine Etkisi
Year 2011,
Volume: 13 Issue: 3, 6 - 12, 01.12.2011
Amaç: Anne sütü (AS) ve formül mama (FM) ile beslenen sağlıklı bebeklerde ghrelin, leptinve lipid düzeylerinin bebeklerin büyümesi üzerine etkilerini araştırmaktır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Kırk altı bebek beslenme şekillerine göre AS ve FM gruplarına ayrıldı veiki kez (ortalama iki ve beş aylıkken) değerlendirildi. İlk değerlendirmede ghrelin, leptin,trigliserid ve total kolesterol düzeyleri çalışıldı.Bulgular: AS grubunda plazma total ghrelin düzeyi FM grubundan anlamlı ölçüde yüksekbulundu (p
Dewey KG, Heinig MJ, Nommsen LA, Peerson JM, Lönnerdal B: Growth of breast-fed and formula-fed infants from 0 to 18 months: the. DARLING Study. Pediatrics. 89 :1035-1041, 1992
Agostini C, Grandi F, Gianni ML, Silano M, Torcoletti M, Giovannini M, Riva E: Growth patterns of breast fed and formula fed infants in the first 12 months of life: an Italian study. Arch Dis Child. 81:395-399, 1999
Huh SY, Rifas-Shiman SL, Taveras EM, Oken E, Gillman MW: Timing of solid food introduction and risk of obesity in preschool-aged children. Pediatrics. 127:544-551, 2011
Li R, Fein SB, Grummer-Strawn LM: Do Infants Fed From Bottles Lack Self-regulation of Milk Intake Compared With Directly Breastfed Infants? Pediatrics. 125:1386-1393, 2010
Savino F, Fissore MF, Liguori SA, Oggero R: Can hormones contained in mothers' milk account for the beneficial effect of breast-feeding on obesity in children? Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 71:757-765,2009
Bartok CJ, Ventura AK: Mechanisms underlying the association between breastfeeding and obesity. Int J Pediatr Obes. 4:196-204, 2009
Kojima M, Kangawa K: Structure and function of ghrelin. Results Probl Cell Differ. 46:89-115, 2008
Bluher S, Mantzoros CS: The role of leptin in regulating neuroendocrine function in humans. J Nutr. 134:2469-2474, 2004
Hosoda H, Doi K, Nagaya N, Okumura H, Nakagawa E, Enomoto M: Optimum collection and storage conditions for ghrelin measurements: octanoyl modification of ghrelin is rapidly hydrolyzed to desacyl ghrelin in blood samples. Clin Chem. 50:1077-1180, 2004
Karatas Z, Durmus Aydogdu S, Dinleyici EC, Colak O, Dogruel N: Breastmilk ghrelin, leptin, and fat levels changing foremilk to hindmilk: is that important for self-control of feeding? Eur J Pediatr. 170:1273-80, 2011
Cavell B: Gastric emptying in infants fed human mil kor infant Formula. Acta Paediatr Scan. 70:639-641, 1981
Lucas A, Sarson Dl, Blackburn Am, Adrian TE, Aynsley-Green A, Bloom SR: Breast vs bottle: endocrine responses are different with formula feeding. Lancet. 1:1267-1269, 1980
Del Rincon JP, Thorner MO, Gaylinn BG: Motilin-related peptide and ghrelin: lessons from molecular techniques, peptide chemistry, and receptor biology. Gastroenterology. 120:587-588, 2001
Savino F, Grassino EC, Fissore MF, Guidi C, Liguori SA, Silvestro L: Ghrelin, motilin, insulin concentration in healthy infants in the first months of life: relation to fasting time and anthropometry. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 65:158-162, 2006
Gaige S, Abysique A, Bouvier M: Effects of leptin on cat intestinal motility. J Physiol. 546:267-277, 2003
Yiş U, Oztürk Y, Sişman AR, Uysal S, Soylu OB, Büyükgebiz B: The relation of serum ghrelin, leptin and insulin levels to the growth patterns and feeding characteristics in breast-fed versus formula-fed infants. Turk J Pediatr. 52:35-41, 2010
Savino F, Liguori SA, Fissore NF, Oggero R, Silvestro L, Miniero R: Serum Ghrelin Concentration and Wieght Gain in Heaalthy Term Infants in the First Year of Life. Journal Of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition. 41:653-659, 2005
Ng PC, Lee CH, Lam CW, Chan IH, Wong E, Fok TF: Ghrelin in preterm and term newborns: relation to anthropometry, leptin and insulin. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 63: 217-222, 2005
Camurdan MO, Bideci A, Demirel F, Cinaz P: Serum ghrelin, IGF-I and IGFBP-3 levels in children with normal variant short stature. Endocr J. 3:479-484, 2006
Fukishama N, Hanada R, Teranishi H, Fukue Y, Tachibana T, Ishikawa H:. Ghrelin directly regulates bone formation. J Bone Miner Res. 20:790-798, 2005
Petridou E, Mantzoros CS, Belechri M, Skalkidou A, Dessypris N, Papathoma E, Salvanos H, Lee JH, Kedikoglou S, Chrousos G, Trichopoulos D: Neonatal leptin levels are strongly associated with female gender, birth length, IGF-I levels and formula feeding. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 62:366- 371, 2005
Savino F, Liguori SA, Petrucci E, Lupica MM, Fissore MF, Oggero R, Silvestro L: Evaluation of leptin in breast milk, lactating mothers and their infants. Eur J Clin Nutr. 64:972- 977, 2010
Lönnerdal B, Havel PJ: Serum leptin concentrations in infants: effects of diet, sex and adiposity. Am J Clin Nutr. 72:484-489, 2000
Savino F, Costamagna M, Prino A, Oggero R, Silvestro L: Leptin levels in breast-fed and formula-fed infants. Acta Paediatr. 91:897-902, 2002
Savino F, Fissore MF, Grossino EC, Nanni GE, Oggero R, Silvestro L: Ghrelin, leptin and IGF-I levels in breast-fed and Formula-fed infants in the first years of life. Acta Pediatrica. 94:531-537, 2005
Lage M, Baldelli R, Camine JP, Rodriguez-Garci J, Penalva A, Dieguez C, Casanueva FF: Presence of bovine leptin in edible commercial milk and formula. J Endocrinol Invest. 25:670-674, 2002
O'Connor D, Funanage V, Locke R, Spear M, Leef K: Leptin is not present in infant formulas. J Endocrinol Invest. 26:490, 2003
Resto M, O’Connor D, Leef K, Funanage V, Spear M, Locke R: Leptin levels in preterm human breast milk and infant formula. Pediatrics. 108:15-18, 2001
Stocks RJ, Davies DP, Allen F, Sewell D: Loss of breast milk nutrients during tube feeding. Arch Dis Child. 60:164-166, 1985
Torsello A, Scibona B, Leo G, Bresciani E, Avallone R, Bulgarelli I, Luoni M, Zoli M, Rindi G, Cocchi D, Locatelli V: Ontogeny and tissue-spesific regulation of ghrelin mRNA expression suggest that ghrelin is primarly involved in the control of extraendocrine functions in the rat. Neuoroendocrinology. 77:91-99, 2003
Nishi Y, Hiejima H, Hosoda H, Kaiya H, Mori K, Fukue Y, Yanase T, Nawata H, Kangawa K, Kojima M: Ingested medium-chain fatty acids are directly utilized for the acyl- modification of ghrelin. Endocrinology. 146:2709-2715, 2005
Piao H, Hosoda H, Kangawa K, Murata T, Narita K, Higuchi T: Ghrelin stimulates milk intake by affecting adult type feeding behaviour in postnatal rats. J Neuroendocrinol. 20:330- 334, 2008
Leite E, Cowden EA, Friesen HG: Endocrinology of lactation and nursing: disorders of lactationn. In: DeGroot LJ, ed. Endocrinology. 224-238, 1995
Ravelli AC, van der Meulen JH, Osmond C, Barker DJ, Bleker OP: Infant feeding and adult glucose tolerance, lipid profile, blood pressure, and obesity. Arch Dis Child. 82:248-252, 2000
Reiser RB, O’Brien C, Henderson GR, Morroe RW: Studies on a possible function for cholesterol in milk. Nutr Rep Int. 19:835-849, 1979
Uauy R, Mize CE, Castillo-Duran C: Fat intake during childhood: metabolic responses and effects on growth. Am J Clin Nutr. 72:354-360, 2000
Demmers TA, Jones PJ, Wang Y, Krug S, Creutzinger V, Heubi JE: Effects of early cholesterol intake on cholesterol biosynthesis and plasma lipids among infants until 18 months of age. Pediatrics. 115:1594-1601, 2005
Karataş, Z., Aydoğdu, S. D., Aydın, B., Karataş, A. (2011). Erken Bebeklik Döneminde Anne Sütü ve Formül Mama ile Beslenen Bebeklerin Ghrelin ve Leptin Düzeylerinin Büyüme Üzerine Etkisi. Duzce Medical Journal, 13(3), 6-12.
AMA
Karataş Z, Aydoğdu SD, Aydın B, Karataş A. Erken Bebeklik Döneminde Anne Sütü ve Formül Mama ile Beslenen Bebeklerin Ghrelin ve Leptin Düzeylerinin Büyüme Üzerine Etkisi. Duzce Med J. December 2011;13(3):6-12.
Chicago
Karataş, Zehra, Sultan Durmuş Aydoğdu, Banu Aydın, and Ahmet Karataş. “Erken Bebeklik Döneminde Anne Sütü Ve Formül Mama Ile Beslenen Bebeklerin Ghrelin Ve Leptin Düzeylerinin Büyüme Üzerine Etkisi”. Duzce Medical Journal 13, no. 3 (December 2011): 6-12.
EndNote
Karataş Z, Aydoğdu SD, Aydın B, Karataş A (December 1, 2011) Erken Bebeklik Döneminde Anne Sütü ve Formül Mama ile Beslenen Bebeklerin Ghrelin ve Leptin Düzeylerinin Büyüme Üzerine Etkisi. Duzce Medical Journal 13 3 6–12.
IEEE
Z. Karataş, S. D. Aydoğdu, B. Aydın, and A. Karataş, “Erken Bebeklik Döneminde Anne Sütü ve Formül Mama ile Beslenen Bebeklerin Ghrelin ve Leptin Düzeylerinin Büyüme Üzerine Etkisi”, Duzce Med J, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 6–12, 2011.
ISNAD
Karataş, Zehra et al. “Erken Bebeklik Döneminde Anne Sütü Ve Formül Mama Ile Beslenen Bebeklerin Ghrelin Ve Leptin Düzeylerinin Büyüme Üzerine Etkisi”. Duzce Medical Journal 13/3 (December 2011), 6-12.
JAMA
Karataş Z, Aydoğdu SD, Aydın B, Karataş A. Erken Bebeklik Döneminde Anne Sütü ve Formül Mama ile Beslenen Bebeklerin Ghrelin ve Leptin Düzeylerinin Büyüme Üzerine Etkisi. Duzce Med J. 2011;13:6–12.
MLA
Karataş, Zehra et al. “Erken Bebeklik Döneminde Anne Sütü Ve Formül Mama Ile Beslenen Bebeklerin Ghrelin Ve Leptin Düzeylerinin Büyüme Üzerine Etkisi”. Duzce Medical Journal, vol. 13, no. 3, 2011, pp. 6-12.
Vancouver
Karataş Z, Aydoğdu SD, Aydın B, Karataş A. Erken Bebeklik Döneminde Anne Sütü ve Formül Mama ile Beslenen Bebeklerin Ghrelin ve Leptin Düzeylerinin Büyüme Üzerine Etkisi. Duzce Med J. 2011;13(3):6-12.