Polipropilen Lif Türü, İçeriği ve Uzunluğunun Sert Poliüretan Kompozitlerin Mekanik Performansına Etkisi

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, geleneksel seramik döküm endüstrisinde kullanılan sert poliüretan kompozitlerin mekanik özelliklerini iyileştirmektir. Bu nedenle, çeşitli uzunluklarda (3, 6, 12 ve 18 mm) monofilament (mono) ve fiberağ (fibril) polipropilen (PP) elyaflar polimer matrisine farklı oranlarda (ağırlıkça %0.5, 1.0, 1.5 ve %2) dahil edildi. Elyaf tipi ve içeriğinin kompozitlerin eğilme mukavemeti ve basınç mukavemeti üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Kompozitlerin yüzey morfolojisi ve termal özellikleri sırasıyla SEM ve TGA analizi ile değerlendirildi. Saf poliüretan ve PP lif içeren numunelerin kütle yoğunlukları 72,15-146 kg/m3 arasında değişmektedir. Saf poliüretan kompozite kıyasla monofilament PP takviyeli kompozitlerin kütle yoğunluğu önemli ölçüde artmış ve M6/2.0 numunesinde en yüksek yoğunluk değerine (146,86 kg/m3) ulaşılmıştır. Öte yandan, fiberağ (fibril) ilavesi, yığın yoğunluğunda bir azalmaya neden oldu. Mono PP yüzdesindeki artış eğilme mukavemetini arttırırken, fibril PP'nin varlığı mukavemeti olumsuz etkilemiştir. Mono PP takviyeli kompozitlerin basınç dayanımı (M6/0.5 numunesi hariç) saf polüretandan daha yüksektir. Ayrıca SEM analizi, PP liflerinin varlığının genellikle kompozit yapısındaki kapalı hücre sayısını azalttığını ortaya koymuştur. Deneysel bulgular, elyaf tipi, içeriği ve uzunluğunun sert poliüretan kompozitlerin mekanik performansını etkilediğini göstermektedir. Ayrıca, mono PP elyaf takviyeli rijit poliüretan kompozitlerin seramik döküm endüstrisinde destek aparatı olarak kullanılması mümkündür.

Keywords

• Sert poliüretan
• Polipropilen lif
• Kompozit
• Mekanik performans

Effect of Polypropylene Fiber Type, Content and Length on Mechanical Performance of Rigid Polyurethane Composites

Abstract

The purpose of this work is to improve mechanical properties of rigid polyurethane (RPU) composites used in traditional ceramic casting industry. Therefore, monofilament (mono) and fibermesh (fibril) polypropylene (PP) fibers with various lengths (3, 6, 12 and 18 mm) were incorporated to polymer matrix at different rates (0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2% by weight). Effects of fiber type and content on flexural strength, bending strength and compressive strength of composites were investigated. Surface morphology and thermal characteristics of composites were evaluated by SEM and TGA analysis, respectively. Bulk densities of specimens with and without PP fibers vary between 72,15-146 kg/m3. Compared to pure rigid polyurethane foam, bulk density of monofilament PP reinforced composites significantly increased and the highest density value (146,86 kg/m3) was reached in M6/2.0 sample. On the other hand, incorporation of fibrilmesh caused a decrease in bulk density. While the increase in percentage of mono PP increased flexural strength, the presence of fibril PP had a negative effect on strength. Compressive strength of all mono PP reinforced composites is higher than that of pure RPU, except for M6/0.5 sample. Besides, SEM analysis revealed that the presence of PP fibers generally reduced number of closed cells in composite structure. Experimental findings indicate that fiber type, content and length affect mechanical performance of RPU composites. In addition, it is possible to use mono PP fiber reinforced RPU composites as support apparatus in ceramic casting industry.

Keywords

• Rigid polyurethane
• Polypropylene fiber
• Composite
• Mechanical performance

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