Space Activities and the Simultaneous Development of the Economy in Türkiye

Yıl 2024, , 798 - 826, 29.04.2024

Nedim Sözbir Murat Bulut , Şenol Gülgönül , Lokman Kuzu , Osman Dur

https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.1226156

Öz

As space technologies have become an integral part of our daily lives, they have profoundly influenced the course of human civilization since 1957. These technologies have provided humanity with many remarkable insights. Therefore, they have an important role in modern society. Satellite technology is not only vital for military and defence but also for civil applications such as transportation, communication, disaster management, agriculture planning, land, and urban planning. These applications make the space sector an engine of economic growth having advanced and the state-of-the art technology. Technological advances in space continuously benefit the citizens of developed countries. The space economy is defined as all the actions and resources that produce value and benefit to people through exploration, research, knowledge, management, and utility of space. Through satellite communications, navigation systems, earth observation missions, space science and technology research, employment is created, economic growth is achieved, and many industries become more competitive in worldwide economic market. Spinoff companies are born from space activities. In 1994, the Türkiye had its first communication satellite TURKSAT 1B built by Aerospatiale; thus, Türkiye entered the space field being an operator in its region. After millennium, the Turkish space industry has ramped-up by developing its dedicated communication and observation satellites, and their subsystems and creating a launcher system for microsatellites. Türkiye is now developing space technology more comprehensively. This article describes recent developments of space activities and future work in Türkiye. In the article, the strategies in other countries in space technologies are also discussed and suggestions are made for space technology education, development of space economy and regulation of space activities for Türkiye.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Space technology, space capability, space economy, TURKSAT, Turkey

Türkiye’de Uzay Faaliyetleri ve Ekonominin Eş Zamanlı Gelişimi

Öz

Uzay teknolojileri günlük hayatımızın ayrılmaz bir parçası haline gelirken, 1957'den bu yana insan uygarlığının seyrini derinden etkilemiştir. Bu teknolojiler, insanlığa birçok önemli içgörü sağlamıştır. Bu nedenle, modern toplumda önemli bir role sahiptirler. Uydu teknolojisi sadece askeri ve savunma için değil, aynı zamanda ulaşım, iletişim, afet yönetimi, tarım planlaması, arazi ve şehir planlaması gibi sivil uygulamalar için de hayati öneme sahiptir. Bu uygulamalar, uzay sektörünü gelişmiş ve ileri teknolojiye sahip ekonomik büyümenin öncüsü haline getirmektedir. Uzaydaki teknolojik gelişmeler sürekli olarak gelişmiş ülke vatandaşlarına fayda sağlamaktadır. Uzay ekonomisi, keşif, araştırma, bilgi, yönetim ve mekan kullanımı yoluyla insanlara fayda sağlayan ve değer üreten tüm eylemler ve kaynaklar olarak tanımlanır. Uydu iletişimi, navigasyon sistemleri, yer gözlem görevleri, uzay bilimi ve teknoloji araştırmaları yoluyla istihdam yaratılır, ekonomik büyüme sağlanır ve birçok endüstri dünya çapındaki ekonomik pazarda daha rekabetçi hale gelir. Yan şirketler uzay faaliyetlerinden doğar. 1994 yılında Türkiye, Aerospatiale tarafından inşa edilen ilk haberleşme uydusu TURKSAT 1B'ye sahip oldu. Böylece Türkiye bölgesinde operatör olarak uzay sahasına girdi. Milenyumdan sonra, Türk uzay endüstrisi, özel iletişim ve gözlem uydularını ve bunların alt sistemlerini geliştirerek ve mikro uydu için bir fırlatma sistemi oluşturarak hız kazandı. Türkiye artık uzay teknolojisini daha kapsamlı bir şekilde geliştiriyor. Bu makale, Türkiye'deki uzay faaliyetleri ve gelecekteki çalışmalarla ilgili son gelişmeleri açıklamaktadır. Makalede, uzay teknolojilerinde diğer ülkelerdeki stratejileri de tartışılarak Türkiye için uzay teknolojileri eğitimi, uzay ekonomisinin gelişimi ve uzay faaliyetlerinin regülasyonu ile ilgili önerilerde bulunulmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Uzay teknolojisi, uzay kabiliyeti, uzay ekonomisi, TÜRKSAT, Türkiye

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