A Short Review: The Use and Application of Matrix Resins Formed with Some Plant-Based Oils in Bio-Composite Materials

Abstract

Increasing environmental problems, waste recycling problems, and non-biodegradable resources have led researchers to different searches for composite materials in recent years. In these studies, interest in bio-composite materials known as green composites has increased significantly due to their potential to replace traditional materials in material production. The creation of biocomposite materials from natural fibers or natural resins instead of synthetic fibers and synthetic resins has made natural resources the focus of researchers. Among these natural resin formations, the use of vegetable-based oils in various applications has started to be seen frequently due to their low cost, biodegradability, and availability. In addition to being recyclable, vegetable-based oils are an important alternative in many sectors, especially in the chemical industry, both environmentally and economically, with a wide variety of chemical conversion possibilities. The desire to explore the versatility of vegetable oil components formed by the complex multi-component mixtures of fatty acids and glycerol ester accelerates the studies in this field even more. In this study, the chemical compositions of vegetable oils hybridized with different resins, the chemical structures of pure vegetable oils, the different varieties among these vegetable oils, and various types of biocomposites produced using vegetable oil-based resins were investigated. In addition, the latest trends in other applications of these bio-composites, especially in automotive, were examined.

Keywords

• Composites
• Bio-composites
• Matrix
• Vegatable oils

Kısa Bir İnceleme: Biyo-Kompozit Malzemelerde Bazı Bitki Bazlı Yağlarla Oluşturulan Matris Reçinelerin Kullanımı ve Uygulaması

Abstract

Artan çevre sorunları, atık geri dönüşüm sorunu ve biyolojik olarak parçalanamayan kaynaklar son yıllarda araştırmacıları farklı kompozit malzeme arayışlarına yöneltmiştir. Bu çalışmalarda, malzeme üretiminde geleneksel malzemelerin yerini alma potansiyeli nedeniyle yeşil kompozitler olarak bilinen biyo-kompozit malzemelere olan ilgi önemli ölçüde artmıştır. Sentetik lifler ve sentetik reçineler yerine doğal liflerden veya doğal reçinelerden biyokompozit malzemelerin oluşturulması, doğal kaynakları araştırmacıların odak noktası haline getirmiştir. Bu doğal reçine oluşumları arasında bitkisel bazlı yağların düşük maliyeti, biyolojik olarak parçalanabilirliği ve bulunabilirliği nedeniyle çeşitli uygulamalarda kullanımı sık görülmeye başlanmıştır. Bitkisel bazlı yağlar geri dönüştürülebilir olmasının yanı sıra çok çeşitli kimyasal dönüşüm olanakları ile başta kimya sektörü olmak üzere birçok sektörde hem çevresel hem de ekonomik olarak önemli bir alternatiftir. Yağ asitleri ve gliserol esterin karmaşık çok bileşenli karışımlarından oluşan bitkisel yağ bileşenlerinin çok yönlülüğünü keşfetme isteği bu alandaki çalışmaları daha da hızlandırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada farklı reçinelerle bitkisel yağların kimyasal bileşimleri, bitkisel yağların kimyasal yapıları, bu bitkisel yağlar arasında hangi çeşitlerin ön planda olduğu ve bitkisel yağ bazlı reçineler kullanılarak üretilen çeşitli biyokompozit türleri incelenmiştir. Ayrıca bu biyokompozitlerin başta otomotiv olmak üzere diğer uygulamalardaki son trendlerin neler olduğu incelenmiştir.

Keywords

• Kompozitler
• Biyokompozitler
• Matris
• Bitkisel yağlar

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