Blok Zinciri Teknolojisinin Tedarik Zinciri ve Lojistik Sektöründeki Rolü: 2015-2024 Dönemi Literatür Taraması

Abstract

Bu çalışma, 2015-2024 yılları arasında tedarik zinciri ve lojistik süreçlerinde blok zincir uygulamalarına odaklanan 50 akademik yayını sistematik olarak analiz etmektedir. PRISMA ilkelerine dayanan sistematik literatür tarama yöntemi kullanılarak, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, ResearchGate, SpringerLink, IEEE Xplore ve Wiley Online Library gibi veri tabanlarında ilgili anahtar kelimelerle kapsamlı aramalar gerçekleştirilmiştir. Başlangıçta taranan 135 yayından, belirlenen dahil etme ve hariç tutma kriterleri doğrultusunda 50 çalışma detaylı analiz için seçilmiştir. Giriş bölümünde, blok zincirin tedarik zincirlerindeki şeffaflık, güvenilirlik ve izlenebilirlik gibi faydaları ele alınmaktadır. Literatür taraması, blok zincir uygulamalarını IoT entegrasyonu, akıllı sözleşmeler ve dolandırıcılık önleme gibi ana temalar altında sınıflandırmaktadır. On yıllık dönemdeki gelişim eğilimleri ve tematik evrim görselleştirilerek eleştirel bir şekilde incelenmiştir. Değerlendirme ve sonuç bölümleri, ölçeklenebilirlik, enerji tüketimi ve düzenleyici boşluklar gibi zorlukları vurgulayarak literatürü eleştirel biçimde değerlendirmektedir. Çalışma ayrıca ülke bazlı örneklerle düzenleyici çerçevelerin önemini vurgulamakta ve gelecekteki araştırmalar için uygulanabilir öneriler sunmaktadır. Genel olarak çalışma, blok zincirin tedarik zinciri yönetiminde güvenilirlik, sürdürülebilirlik ve operasyonel verimliliği artırma potansiyelini ortaya koymakta ve daha fazla uygulamalı araştırma ile sektöre özgü uyarlamalara ihtiyaç olduğunu ifade etmektedir.

Keywords

• Blok zinciri
• Tedarik zinciri yönetimi
• Şeffaflık ve güvenilirlik
• IoT entegrasyonu
• akıllı sözleşmeler

The Role of Blockchain Technology in Supply Chain and Logistics Sector: A Literature Review for the Period 2015-2024

Abstract

This study systematically analyzes 50 academic publications focusing on blockchain applications in supply chain and logistics processes between 2015 and 2024. Following a systematic literature review method based on PRISMA principles, comprehensive searches were conducted in databases including Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, ResearchGate, SpringerLink, IEEE Xplore, and Wiley Online Library using relevant keywords. From an initial pool of 135 publications, 50 studies were selected based on clear inclusion and exclusion criteria for detailed analysis. The introduction outlines blockchain's benefits in supply chains such as transparency, reliability, and traceability. The literature review categorizes blockchain applications into key themes including IoT integration, smart contracts, and fraud prevention. Developmental trends and thematic evolution over the decade are visualized and critically examined. The evaluation and conclusion sections offer a critical assessment of the literature, highlighting challenges such as scalability, energy consumption, and regulatory gaps. The study further emphasizes the importance of regulatory frameworks with country-specific examples and proposes actionable directions for future research. Overall, the study underscores blockchain’s significant potential to enhance reliability, sustainability, and operational efficiency in supply chain management, while calling for more applied research and sector-specific adaptations.

Keywords

• Blockchain
• Supply chain management
• Transparency and reliability
• IoT Integration
• smart contracts

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