Heavy Metal Content and Water Quality Assessment of Kotum Stream

Çiğdem Özer; Mehmet Cihan Aydın

doi:10.29130/dubited.1744995

TR EN

Kotum Deresi'nin Ağır Metal İçeriği ve Su Kalitesi Değerlendirmesi

Abstract

Tatvan (Kotum) Deresi, Nemrut Dağı civarındaki kaynaklardan beslenen küçük kolların oluşturduğu bir su kaynağıdır. Dere havzası, bazaltik ve andezitik kayaçların yaygın olduğu Doğu Anadolu Platosu'nun yüksek ve engebeli arazisinde yer almaktadır. Kışın yüksek kar örtüsü, ilkbaharda ise hızlı kar erimesi nedeniyle dere rejiminde mevsimsel değişimler görülür. Tatvan Deresi hidrolojik olarak Van Gölü'ne dökülen önemli kollardan biridir. Derenin taşıdığı alüvyon, ilkbaharda debiyi artırarak göl çevresinde delta oluşumuna katkıda bulunur. Ancak son yıllarda artan yerleşim ve tarımsal faaliyetler su kalitesini tehdit etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Van Gölü Havzası'nda bulunan Kotum Deresi'nden alınan su örneklerindeki ağır metaller ve diğer kimyasal parametreler incelenmiştir. Kirlilik seviyelerini değerlendirmek için Ağır Metal Kirlilik İndeksi (HPI) ve Metal İndeksi (MI) hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca, diğer su kalitesi parametreleri de yasal standartlara göre değerlendirilmiş ve yorumlanmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı, bölge için sürdürülebilir su yönetimi politikaları ve çevre koruma stratejileri geliştirmek için bilimsel bir temel sağlamaktır.

Keywords

Akarsu hidrolojisi, Ağır metal, HPI, MI, Su kalitesi

Project Number

(Project No. 2022.06)

Heavy Metal Content and Water Quality Assessment of Kotum Stream

Abstract

Tatvan (Kotum) Stream is a water source formed by small branches fed from springs around Nemrut Mountain. The watershed is located in the high and rugged terrain of the Eastern Anatolian Plateau, where basaltic and andesitic rocks are common. Due to high snow cover in winter and rapid snowmelt in spring, seasonal changes are observed in the stream regime. Hydrologically, Tatvan Stream is one of the important tributaries flowing into Lake Van. The alluvium carried by the stream increases the flow rate in spring and contributes to delta formation around the lake. However, in recent years, increasing settlement and agricultural activities have threatened the water quality. This study examines heavy metals and other chemical parameters in water samples from Kotum Stream within the Lake Van Basin. Heavy Metal Pollution Index (HPI) and Metal Index (MI) were calculated to assess pollution levels. Additionally, other water quality parameters were evaluated and interpreted according to regulatory standards. The aim of the study is to provide a scientific basis for developing sustainable water management policies and environmental protection strategies for the region.

Keywords

Stream hydrology, Heavy metal, HPI, MI, Water quality

Supporting Institution

This work is supported by Bitlis Eren University Scientific Research Projects Coordinatorship within the scope of Independent Scientific Research Project (Project No. 2022.06).

Project Number

(Project No. 2022.06)

Ethical Statement

This study does not involve human or animal participants. All procedures followed scientific and ethical principles, and all referenced studies are appropriately cited.

Thanks

This work is supported by Bitlis Eren University Scientific Research Projects Coordinatorship within the scope of Independent Scientific Research Project (Project No. 2022.06).

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Environmental Pollution and Prevention, Health and Ecological Risk Assessment, Environmental Engineering (Other), Water Resources and Water Structures

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Çiğdem Özer ^*
0000-0002-3206-6288
Türkiye

Mehmet Cihan Aydın
0000-0002-5477-1033
Türkiye

Publication Date

April 19, 2026

Submission Date

July 17, 2025

Acceptance Date

January 24, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 14 Number: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.1744995

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA38DL52FD

APA

Özer, Ç., & Aydın, M. C. (2026). Heavy Metal Content and Water Quality Assessment of Kotum Stream. Duzce University Journal of Science and Technology, 14(2), 396-408. https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.1744995

AMA

1.Özer Ç, Aydın MC. Heavy Metal Content and Water Quality Assessment of Kotum Stream. DUBİTED. 2026;14(2):396-408. doi:10.29130/dubited.1744995

Chicago

Özer, Çiğdem, and Mehmet Cihan Aydın. 2026. “Heavy Metal Content and Water Quality Assessment of Kotum Stream”. Duzce University Journal of Science and Technology 14 (2): 396-408. https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.1744995.

EndNote

Özer Ç, Aydın MC (April 1, 2026) Heavy Metal Content and Water Quality Assessment of Kotum Stream. Duzce University Journal of Science and Technology 14 2 396–408.

IEEE

[1]Ç. Özer and M. C. Aydın, “Heavy Metal Content and Water Quality Assessment of Kotum Stream”, DUBİTED, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 396–408, Apr. 2026, doi: 10.29130/dubited.1744995.

ISNAD

Özer, Çiğdem - Aydın, Mehmet Cihan. “Heavy Metal Content and Water Quality Assessment of Kotum Stream”. Duzce University Journal of Science and Technology 14/2 (April 1, 2026): 396-408. https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.1744995.

JAMA

1.Özer Ç, Aydın MC. Heavy Metal Content and Water Quality Assessment of Kotum Stream. DUBİTED. 2026;14:396–408.

MLA

Özer, Çiğdem, and Mehmet Cihan Aydın. “Heavy Metal Content and Water Quality Assessment of Kotum Stream”. Duzce University Journal of Science and Technology, vol. 14, no. 2, Apr. 2026, pp. 396-08, doi:10.29130/dubited.1744995.

Vancouver

1.Çiğdem Özer, Mehmet Cihan Aydın. Heavy Metal Content and Water Quality Assessment of Kotum Stream. DUBİTED. 2026 Apr. 1;14(2):396-408. doi:10.29130/dubited.1744995

Kotum Deresi'nin Ağır Metal İçeriği ve Su Kalitesi Değerlendirmesi

Abstract

Keywords

Project Number

Heavy Metal Content and Water Quality Assessment of Kotum Stream

Abstract

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Project Number

Ethical Statement

Thanks

References

Details

Primary Language

Subjects

Journal Section

Authors

Publication Date

Submission Date

Acceptance Date

Published in Issue

DOI

IZ

Cite