Design, Modeling, and Performance Evaluation of a PI-Based Double-Loop Control Scheme for a Four-Phase Interleaved DC–DC Boost Converter

Mohamed Lamine Belemvire; Emre Hasan Dursun

doi:10.29130/dubited.1931743

EN TR

Design, Modeling, and Performance Evaluation of a PI-Based Double-Loop Control Scheme for a Four-Phase Interleaved DC–DC Boost Converter

Abstract

This paper presents the design and modeling of a double closed-loop control system based on a classical proportional–integral (PI) controller for the four-phase interleaved DC–DC boost converter (4-IBC). The proposed control strategy aims to regulate the output voltage through an outer voltage loop while ensuring equal current distribution among the inductors through an inner current loop. DC–DC converters are extensively utilized in renewable energy systems, particularly in photovoltaic and wind power applications; however, they often suffer from voltage fluctuations, current ripples, and harmonic distortions that degrade power quality. To address these challenges, an efficient PI-based double-loop control structure is developed and validated in the MATLAB/Simulink environment. The proposed design exhibits significantly reduced current and voltage ripples. The system operates with an input voltage of 90V and can provide an adjustable output voltage up to 400V. In this study, the designed controlled converter structure is comparatively tested against a conventional boost converter (CBC) under two operating scenarios: a fixed output voltage reference and a stepwise time-varying output voltage reference. The results show that the PI-4IBC controller provides significantly improved performance compared to the PI-CBC structure. While PI-4IBC limits the output voltage ripple to only 0.03%, the PI-CBC reaches 2.536%. Additionally, performance indices evaluations under stepwise time-varying scenario confirm this improvement: within the 1–4s interval, PI-4IBC achieves approximately 21% lower integral absolute error (IAE) and 22% lower integral time-weighted absolute error (ITAE) values, indicating faster error reduction and superior transient-response behavior. Overall, PI-4IBC demonstrates more effective and robust control performance under the tested scenario.

Keywords

Boost converter, Interleaved DC-DC boost converter, Ideal PI controller, Double closed loop controller, Current and voltage ripples

Supporting Institution

This research received no external funding.

Ethical Statement

This study does not involve human or animal participants. All procedures followed scientific and ethical principles, and all referenced studies are appropriately cited.

Thanks

The authors would like to acknowledge Konya Technical University for providing the necessary resources, guidance, and support for this study.

Abstract

Bu çalışma, dört fazlı interleaved DC-DC yükseltici dönüştürücü (4-IBC) için klasik oransal-integral (PI) denetleyiciye dayalı çift kapalı döngülü bir kontrol sisteminin tasarımını ve modellenmesini sunmaktadır. Önerilen kontrol stratejisi, dış gerilim döngüsü aracılığıyla çıkış gerilimini düzenlemeyi hedeflerken, iç akım döngüsü aracılığıyla da indüktörler arasında eşit akım dağılımı sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır. DC-DC dönüştürücüler, başta fotovoltaik ve rüzgar enerjisi uygulamaları olmak üzere yenilenebilir enerji sistemlerinde yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır; ancak genellikle güç kalitesini düşüren gerilim dalgalanmaları, akım dalgalanmaları (ripple) ve harmonik bozulmalara maruz kalırlar. Bu zorlukların üstesinden gelmek için, MATLAB/Simulink ortamında verimli bir PI tabanlı çift döngülü kontrol yapısı geliştirilmiş ve doğrulanmıştır. Önerilen tasarım, akım ve gerilim dalgalanmalarında önemli ölçüde azalma sergilemektedir. Sistem 90V giriş gerilimi ile çalışmakta olup 400V'a kadar ayarlanabilir bir çıkış gerilimi sağlayabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, tasarlanan kontrollü dönüştürücü yapısı, geleneksel bir yükseltici dönüştürücüye (CBC) karşı iki çalışma senaryosu altında karşılaştırmalı olarak test edilmiştir: sabit bir çıkış gerilimi referansı ve adım basamaklı zamanla değişen bir çıkış gerilimi referansı. Sonuçlar, PI-4IBC denetleyicisinin PI-CBC yapısına kıyasla önemli ölçüde iyileştirilmiş bir performans sağladığını göstermektedir. PI-4IBC çıkış gerilimi dalgalanmasını yalnızca %0,03 ile sınırlarken, PI-CBC'de bu oran %2,536'ya ulaşmaktadır. Ayrıca, basamaklı zamanla değişen senaryo altındaki performans indeksleri değerlendirmeleri de bu iyileşmeyi doğrulamaktadır: 1-4 saniye aralığında, PI-4IBC yaklaşık %21 daha düşük IAE ve %22 daha düşük ITAE değerlerine ulaşarak daha hızlı hata azaltımı ve üstün geçici durum yanıtı davranışı göstermektedir. Genel olarak, PI-4IBC test edilen senaryo altında daha etkili ve dayanıklı bir kontrol performansı sergilemektedir.

Keywords

Yükseltici dönüştürücü, interleaved DC-DC yükseltici dönüştürücü, ideal PI kontrolcüsü, çift kapalı döngü kontrolcüsü, akım ve gerilim dalgalanmaları

Supporting Institution

Konya Teknik Üniversitesi

Ethical Statement

Bu çalışma insan veya hayvan katılımcıları içermemektedir. Tüm prosedürler bilimsel ve etik ilkelere uygun olarak gerçekleştirilmiş olup, atıfta bulunulan tüm çalışmalar uygun şekilde kaynak gösterilmiştir.

Thanks

Yazarlar, bu çalışma için gerekli kaynakları, rehberliği ve desteği sağlayan Konya Teknik Üniversitesi'ne teşekkürlerini sunarlar.

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Electrical Circuits and Systems, Electrical Energy Storage, Electrical Engineering (Other), Control Engineering, Mechatronics and Robotics (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Mohamed Lamine Belemvire This is me
0009-0006-8050-5050
Türkiye

Emre Hasan Dursun ^*
0000-0001-9286-0195
Türkiye

Publication Date

October 23, 2026

Submission Date

April 16, 2026

Acceptance Date

June 26, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 14 Number: 4

DOI

https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.1931743

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA64SK76TB

APA

Belemvire, M. L., & Dursun, E. H. (2026). Design, Modeling, and Performance Evaluation of a PI-Based Double-Loop Control Scheme for a Four-Phase Interleaved DC–DC Boost Converter. Duzce University Journal of Science and Technology, 14(4), 928-942. https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.1931743

AMA

1.Belemvire ML, Dursun EH. Design, Modeling, and Performance Evaluation of a PI-Based Double-Loop Control Scheme for a Four-Phase Interleaved DC–DC Boost Converter. DUBİTED. 2026;14(4):928-942. doi:10.29130/dubited.1931743

Chicago

Belemvire, Mohamed Lamine, and Emre Hasan Dursun. 2026. “Design, Modeling, and Performance Evaluation of a PI-Based Double-Loop Control Scheme for a Four-Phase Interleaved DC–DC Boost Converter”. Duzce University Journal of Science and Technology 14 (4): 928-42. https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.1931743.

EndNote

Belemvire ML, Dursun EH (October 1, 2026) Design, Modeling, and Performance Evaluation of a PI-Based Double-Loop Control Scheme for a Four-Phase Interleaved DC–DC Boost Converter. Duzce University Journal of Science and Technology 14 4 928–942.

IEEE

[1]M. L. Belemvire and E. H. Dursun, “Design, Modeling, and Performance Evaluation of a PI-Based Double-Loop Control Scheme for a Four-Phase Interleaved DC–DC Boost Converter”, DUBİTED, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 928–942, Oct. 2026, doi: 10.29130/dubited.1931743.

ISNAD

Belemvire, Mohamed Lamine - Dursun, Emre Hasan. “Design, Modeling, and Performance Evaluation of a PI-Based Double-Loop Control Scheme for a Four-Phase Interleaved DC–DC Boost Converter”. Duzce University Journal of Science and Technology 14/4 (October 1, 2026): 928-942. https://doi.org/10.29130/dubited.1931743.

JAMA

1.Belemvire ML, Dursun EH. Design, Modeling, and Performance Evaluation of a PI-Based Double-Loop Control Scheme for a Four-Phase Interleaved DC–DC Boost Converter. DUBİTED. 2026;14:928–942.

MLA

Belemvire, Mohamed Lamine, and Emre Hasan Dursun. “Design, Modeling, and Performance Evaluation of a PI-Based Double-Loop Control Scheme for a Four-Phase Interleaved DC–DC Boost Converter”. Duzce University Journal of Science and Technology, vol. 14, no. 4, Oct. 2026, pp. 928-42, doi:10.29130/dubited.1931743.

Vancouver

1.Mohamed Lamine Belemvire, Emre Hasan Dursun. Design, Modeling, and Performance Evaluation of a PI-Based Double-Loop Control Scheme for a Four-Phase Interleaved DC–DC Boost Converter. DUBİTED. 2026 Oct. 1;14(4):928-42. doi:10.29130/dubited.1931743

Design, Modeling, and Performance Evaluation of a PI-Based Double-Loop Control Scheme for a Four-Phase Interleaved DC–DC Boost Converter

Abstract

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Ethical Statement

Thanks

Abstract

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Ethical Statement

Thanks

References

Details

Primary Language

Subjects

Journal Section

Authors

Publication Date

Submission Date

Acceptance Date

Published in Issue

DOI

IZ

Cite