Savunma Sanayindeki Bir İşletmede Tedarik Zinciri Risk Azaltma Stratejilerinin Bulanık DEMATEL Yöntemiyle Analizi

Abstract

Belirsizliğin yüksek olduğu günümüz iş dünyasında işletmeler tedarik zincirlerindeki riskleri azaltmak için doğru stratejiler kullanmalıdırlar. İşletmelerin kendileri için uygun olan stratejileri seçerken bu stratejilerin birbirlerine olan etkilerini de göz önünde bulundurmaları gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Türk savunma sanayinde en yaygın olarak kullanılan risk azaltma stratejilerini ve bunların arasındaki nedensellik ilişkilerini tespit etmektir. Savunma sanayinde faaliyet gösteren bir işletmeden toplanan veriler bulanık DEMATEL yöntemi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Karşılıklı ilişki ve bağımlılıkların analiz edilmesinde en uygun yöntem olması nedeniyle DEMATEL tercih edilmiştir. Ayrıca uzman yargılarının sayısal değerlere dönüştürülebilmesi amacıyla bulanık teoriden faydalanılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar sırasıyla en önemli risk azaltma stratejilerinin çeviklik, iş birliği, risk paylaşımı, tedarikçi seçme ve geliştirme olduğunu göstermiştir. Diğer stratejileri en fazla etkileyen stratejilerin ise standartlaştırma/ortak parça kullanımı, doğru talep tahmini ve bilgi paylaşımı olduğu görülmektedir. Diğer stratejilerden en fazla etkilenen stratejilerin ise sırasıyla stok bulundurma, çeviklik, risk paylaşımı ve esnek taşımacılık olduğu bulunmuştur. Savunma sanayisinin hassas üretim teknikleri kullanıyor olması, özel kalite standartlarına gereksinim duyması ve çok sayıda alt parçadan oluşan karmaşık ürün yapıları tedarik zincircilerinin risklere karşı hassasiyetini arttırmaktadır. Bu nedenle savunma sanayisindeki işletmelerin uygun risk azaltma stratejilerini belirlemesi önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışma için yapılan bir literatür taraması savunma sanayi tedarik zincirinde risk azaltma stratejileri ile ilgili bir çalışmanın bulunmadığını göstermiştir. Bu nedenle bu çalışmanın literatüre önemli bir katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Ayrıca, çalışmanın sonuçlarının uygulamacılara daha doğru kararlar vermede yardımcı olacağı umulmaktadır.

Keywords

• Tedarik Zinciri Risk Yönetimi
• Risk Azaltma Stratejileri
• Bulanık DEMATEL

Analysis of Supply Chain Risk Mitigation Strategies in a Defense Industry Company Using Fuzzy DEMATEL Method

Abstract

In today's uncertain business environments, companies use various strategies to mitigate risks in their supply chains. To identify the appropriate strategies, businesses need to take interrelationships among the risk mitigation strategies into account. The aim of this study is two-fold. Firstly, it attempts to identify the most commonly used risk mitigation strategies in the Turkish defense industry. Secondly, it purports to explore the causal relationships among the strategies. Data collected from a company operating in the defense industry were analyzed using the fuzzy DEMATEL method. DEMATEL was used in the study since it is the most suitable method for analyzing mutual relationships among supply chain risks. Also, the fuzzy theory was used to transform expert judgments into numerical values. The results showed that the most important risk mitigation strategies are agility, collaboration, risk sharing, supplier selection, and development, respectively. The most influential strategies are found to be standardization/part commonality, accurate demand forecasting, and information sharing. On the other hand, inventory holding, agility, risk-sharing, and flexible transportation are affected the most by the other strategies. The defense industry’s sensitive production techniques, strict quality standards, and complex product structures consisting of many subcomponents increase the vulnerability of its supply chains against risks. A literature review for this study showed that there is no study on risk mitigation strategies in the defense supply chain. Therefore, it is considered that this study will make an important contribution to the literature. Also, the findings will guide practitioners to make more sound decisions.

Keywords

• Fuzzy DEMATEL
• Risk Mitigation Strategies
• Supply Chain Risk Management

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