Effects of Heat Stress on Dairy Cattle

Year 2017, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 37 - 43, 30.08.2017

Elif Sahin , Nuh Ugurlu

Abstract

In the design of dairy cattle shelters, behavior of
the animals, climatic environmental factors and herd management have a
significant impact. The most important function of dairy cattle barns to
protect animals from unfavorable environmental conditions and to increase
productivity will be achieved per animal providing with adequate housing
environment for them. The most three important factors affecting yield in
livestock raising are genetic, nutrition and environmental conditions,
respectively. These three factors in order to achieve the highest level
efficiency from the animals should be handled at the same time. Stress factors
in dairy cattle are composed of structural, climatical and social environments.
The stress resulting from the climatic environmental conditions occur due to
changes of climatic values in the environment in which hosted of the animals.
The most important parameter affecting the productivity of dairy cattle is
climatical factors. Climatic environmental conditions consist of temperature,
air velocity, relative humidity, solar radiation and light etc. parameters. The
temperatures within the climatic environmental conditions are more important
with regards to can exhibit normal behavior of the animals and their ability to
sustain physiological activities. In dairy cattle, associated with rise above
of optimum temperature zone of temperature will be broken heat balance of the
body and the animals will enter the heat stress if this excess heat does not take
away the of body. Shortly after the start of heat stress, declines will occur
in milk yield and animal losses will be inevitable if necessary precautions are
not taken. In this review, studies conducted related to in dairy cattle
breeding how it should be of climatic environmental conditions suitable to
animal behavior and effects on dairy cattle of heat stress were summarized.

Keywords

Behavior, critical temperatures, dairy cattle, heat stress, temperature, Temperature-Humidity Index (THI)

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