The Apoptotic Effects of a Proteasome Inhibitor on Caco-2 Colon Carcinoma Cells

Year 2023, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 19 - 24, 18.04.2023

Selina Aksak Karameşe

Abstract

The first and reversible inhibitor of the 26S proteasome (Velcade, formerly PS-341) has a crucial role with its antitumor activity against a number of malignancies and acts as a prominent inducer of apoptosis. In the present work, it was demonstrated the enhanced anticancer activity of a proteasome inhibitor by evaluating the levels of Bcl-2 protein family members on Caco-2 cell line. For this reason, Caco-2 colon carcinoma cells were treated with Velcade at four different doses (0, 5, 10, and 20nM). Western blotting was performed to detect the expression levels of apoptotic protein. Additionally, apoptotic cell death was demonstrated with in situ TUNEL staining by immunohistochemistry (IHC). An increase the expression levels of both pro-apoptotic proteins was detected in a dose-dependent manner; however, the effective dose was detected as 10 nM. According to the IHC results, it can be said that a serious increase in the amount of apoptotic cells was determined. Taking everything into account, this proteasome inhibitor has a potential to be effective on inducing apoptotic mechanism on colon carcinoma cells.

Keywords

Pro-apoptotic proteins, Bax, Bcl-2, Velcade, Caco-2, Colon carcinoma

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