Use of BOX Strategies in the Education of Visually Impaired Individual with Severe and Multiple Disabilities: A Literature Review Study

Abstract

It is known that there is a strong relationship between learning and sensory organs. When individuals experience any sensory loss, different difficulties arise in their development and learning. However, when these individuals are given embodied opportunities that enable them to gain awareness at an early age, progress in their development and learning is observed. For this purpose, some strategies are suggested in the literature. In this study, which was carried out with a summative review, it was aimed to present systematic information on the box strategies recommended for the education of visually impaired individuals with severe and multiple disabilities and to reveal the effects of box strategies by examining the intervention studies conducted on the subject in terms of various variables. For this purpose, studies containing keywords from studies in various databases were scanned by researchers without any year limitation. As a result of the screenings, eight studies meeting the specified inclusion and exclusion criteria were included and compiled, and six different box strategies were introduced. According to the results of these studies, in which box strategies were used as a teaching tool, it was stated that there were improvements in various skills of the participants.

Keywords

• Box strategies
• Severe and multiple disability
• Visual impairment

Ağır ve Çoklu Yetersizliği Olan Görmeyen Bireylerin Eğitiminde Kutu Stratejilerinin Kullanımı: Literatür İnceleme Çalışması

Abstract

Öğrenme ve duyu organları arasında dikkati çeken, güçlü bir ilişki olduğu bilinmektedir. Bireyler herhangi bir duyu kaybı yaşaması sonucunda gelişim ve öğrenmelerinde farklı zorluklarla karşı karşıya kalmaktadırlar. Fakat bu bireylere erken yaşta farkındalık elde etmelerini sağlayan fırsatlar verildiğind, gelişim ve öğrenmelerinde ilerlemeler gözlenmektedir. Çeşitli fırsatlara ihtiyacı olan gruplardan birisi de ağır ve çoklu yetersizliği olan görmeyen bireylerdir. Görme yetersizliğine ek olarak herhangi bir yetersizliğe sahip bireyler için birden çok duyuya hitap eden somutlaştırılmış stratejiler kullanılmalıdır. Bu amaçla ağır ve çoklu yetersizliği olan görmeyen bireylerin gelişimlerine yönelik alan yazında stratejiler önerilmektedir. Özetleyici derleme ile gerçekleştirilen bu çalışmada da ağır ve çoklu yetersizliği olan görmeyen bireylerin eğitimleri için önerilen kutu stratejilerine yönelik sistematik bilgi sunmak ve konuya ilişkin yapılmış olan müdahale araştırmalarını çeşitli değişkenler açısından inceleyerek kutu stratejilerinin etkilerini ortaya koymak amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla herhangi bir yıl sınırlaması yapılmaksızın çeşitli veri tabanlarında yer alan çalışmalardan “box”, “box, strategy”, “box, visual impairment” veya “kutu, strateji”, “kutu, görme engelli” kelimelerini içeren çalışmalar araştırmacılar tarafından taranmıştır. Taramalar sonucu, belirlenen dahil etme ve dışlama kriterlerini karşılayan sekiz çalışma araştırmaya dahil edilip derlenmiş ve altı farklı kutu stratejisi tanıtılmıştır. Kutu stratejilerinin öğretim aracı olarak kullanıldığı bu çalışmaların sonuçlarına göre katılımcıların çeşitli becerilerinde gelişmeler olduğu ifade edilmiştir.

Keywords

• Ağır ve çoklu yetersizlik
• Görme yetersizliği
• Kutu stratejileri.

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