Wearable Biomedical Sensors in Clinical Toxicology Continuous Monitoring and Early Warning Systems

Abstract

Wearable biomedical sensors are innovative technologies that allow the real time monitoring of the effects of toxins on the human body. These systems offer significant contributions to the early diagnosis, clinical monitoring and treatment management of toxin exposures. Optical, electrochemical and bioelectric sensors, along with patch type chest sensors, smart textiles, fiber optic data gloves, biomedical smart lenses and augmented reality based smart glasses, are among the main wearable technologies used in clinical toxicology. By continuously monitoring biochemical markers in addition to vital signs, these sensors make it possible to detect physiological and metabolic changes developing due to toxin exposure in the early period. Particularly, clinically critical symptoms such as lactate elevation, disruptions in acid base balance and alterations in respiratory parameters can be detected by analyzing sensor data before distinct symptoms even appear. In this way, approaching toxidrome presentations are noticed in the early period, providing the opportunity for timely intervention. By increasing the continuity of patient monitoring, wearable sensor technologies offer the possibility of safe observation not only in hospital environments but also in out of hospital settings. Furthermore, when integrated with artificial intelligence supported analysis systems, they contribute to reducing the risk of medical errors by strengthening clinical decision support processes. Consequently, wearable biomedical sensors are important tools that support early diagnosis, continuous monitoring and individualized treatment approaches in clinical toxicology and it is expected that they will become an integral part of intensive care and emergency medicine applications in the future. This study presents a comprehensive review of the continuous monitoring of wearable biomedical sensors and early warning systems in clinical toxicology.

Keywords

• Wearable Biomedical Sensors
• Clinical Toxicology
• Diagnosis
• Monitoring

Klinik Toksikolojide Giyilebilir Biyomedikal Sensörler Sürekli İzlem ve Erken Uyarı Sistemleri

Abstract

Giyilebilir biyomedikal sensörler, toksinlerin insan vücudu üzerindeki etkilerinin gerçek zamanlı olarak izlenmesine olanak sağlayan yenilikçi teknolojilerdir. Bu sistemler, toksik maruziyetlerin erken tanısı, klinik takibi ve tedavi yönetiminde önemli katkılar sunmaktadır. Optik, elektrokimyasal ve biyoelektrik sensörler ile yama tipi göğüs sensörleri, akıllı tekstiller, fiber optik veri eldivenleri, biyomedikal akıllı lensler ve artırılmış gerçeklik tabanlı akıllı gözlükler, klinik toksikolojide kullanılan başlıca giyilebilir teknolojiler arasında yer almaktadır. Bu sensörler, vital bulguların yanı sıra biyokimyasal belirteçleri de sürekli izleyerek, toksin maruziyetine bağlı gelişen fizyolojik ve metabolik değişikliklerin erken dönemde saptanmasını mümkün kılmaktadır. Özellikle laktat artışı, asit-baz dengesindeki bozulmalar ve solunum parametrelerindeki değişiklikler gibi klinik olarak kritik bulgular, sensör verilerinin analiz edilmesiyle henüz belirgin semptomlar ortaya çıkmadan tespit edilebilmektedir. Bu sayede yaklaşan toksidrom tabloları erken dönemde fark edilerek zamanında müdahale imkânı sağlanmaktadır. Giyilebilir sensör teknolojileri, hasta takibinin sürekliliğini artırarak yalnızca hastane ortamında değil, hastane dışı ortamlarda da güvenli izlem olanağı sunmaktadır. Ayrıca yapay zekâ destekli analiz sistemleri ile entegre edildiğinde, klinik karar destek süreçlerini güçlendirerek medikal hata riskinin azaltılmasına katkı sağlamaktadır. Sonuç olarak, giyilebilir biyomedikal sensörler klinik toksikolojide erken tanı, sürekli izlem ve bireyselleştirilmiş tedavi yaklaşımlarını destekleyen önemli araçlar olup, gelecekte yoğun bakım ve acil tıp uygulamalarının ayrılmaz bir parçası haline gelmesi beklenmektedir. Bu çalışma; klinik toksikolojide giyilebilir biyomedikal sensörlerin sürekli izlenmesi ve erken uyarı sistemleri üzerine kapsamlı bir derleme sunmaktadır.

Keywords

• Giyilebilir Biyomedikal Sensörler
• Klinik Toksikoloji
• Teşhis
• İzlem

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