Dünyada ve Türkiye'de Güneş Enerjisi Potansiyeli, Mevcut Durumu, Teşvikleri, Kurulum Maliyeti Analizi-Karabük İli Örneği

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 1, 12 - 20, 09.08.2019

Ediz Delihasanlar Ersagun Kürşat Yaylacı Adem Dalcalı

Öz

Artan enerji talebi ve fosil yakıt kullanımından
kaynaklanan çevresel kaygılar, elektrik enerjisi üretiminde yenilenebilir
enerji kaynaklarına yönelimi artırmıştır. Yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarından
biri olan ve enerji üretimindeki payı gün geçtikçe artan güneş enerjisi, enerji
üretiminde önemli bir potansiyele sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, güneş enerjisi
alanındaki literatür çalışmaları incelenerek, çalışmaların hangi alanlarda
yoğunlaştığı belirlenmiştir. Güneş enerjisi potansiyeli incelenerek bu
potansiyelin Dünya ve Türkiye’de ne kadar karşılık bulduğu değerlendirilmiştir.
Bunun yanı sıra güneş enerjisi kullanımına ilişkin Dünya ve Türkiye’deki
gelecek dönem tahminleri üzerinde durulmuştur. Türkiye’deki güneş enerjisine
ilişkin teşvikler incelenmiş ve Karabük ili için lisanssız küçük güçlü bir
güneş enerjisi santralinin kurulumu için maliyet analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Maliyet analizinde, 2018 yılında yapılan alım fiyatları değişikliğinin öncesi
ve sonrası değerlendirilerek amorti süresinde meydana gelen farklılık ortaya
konulmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Güneş enerji santrali, maliyet analizi, Karabük

Solar Energy Potential in the World and Turkey, Current Status, Incentives, Installation Cost Analysis-Karabuk Province Sample

Öz

Increasing energy demand and environmental concerns
resulting from the use of fossil fuels have increased the tendency towards
renewable energy sources in electricity generation. Solar energy is one of the
renewable energy sources and share of it’s in energy production is increasing
day by day. It has important potential in energy production. In this study,
literature studies on the topic of solar energy have been examined and the
studies have been classified according to their fields. The potential of solar
energy has been examined and it has been evaluated in terms of Turkey and the
World. In addition, future term forecasts for solar energy usage are emphasized
in terms of Turkey and World. The incentives related to solar energy in Turkey
have been examined and cost analysis has been carried out for the installation
of an unlicensed small powerful solar power plant for Karabük. In the cost
analysis, the changes in the amortization period have been evaluated before and
after the change in the purchase prices in 2018.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Solar power plant, cost analysis, Karabuk

Kaynakça

• [1] (IRENA), I. R. E. A., “Renewable capacity statistics 2018”, Abu Dhabi, 2018.
• [2] Ozcan, M., “The role of renewables in increasing Turkey’s self-sufficiency in electrical energy” , Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 82, 2629–2639, 2018.
• [3] Tanbay, T., Kara, Y. A., Karademir, A., “Türkiye’nin Enerji Yapısı” , in International Congress of Energy Economy And Security, 2018, 159–177.
• [4] “http://www.enerjiatlasi.com/elektrik-uretimi/”, Türkiye Elektrik Üretimi, 2018.
• [5] Abdelrazik, A. S., Al-Sulaiman, F. A., Saidur, R., Ben-Mansour, R., “A review on recent development for the design and packaging of hybrid photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) solar systems”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 95(December 2017), 110–129, 2018.
• [6] Settino, J., Sant, T., Micallef, C., Farrugia, M., Spiteri Staines, C., Licari, J., Micallef, A., “Overview of solar technologies for electricity, heating and cooling production”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 90, 892–909, 2018.
• [7] Khan, F. A., Pal, N., Saeed, S. H., “Review of solar photovoltaic and wind hybrid energy systems for sizing strategies optimization techniques and cost analysis methodologies”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 92, 937–947, 2018.
• [8] Pandey, A. K., Hossain, M. S., Tyagi, V. V., Abd Rahim, N., Selvaraj, J. A. L., Sari, A., “Novel approaches and recent developments on potential applications of phase change materials in solar energy”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 82, 281–323, 2018.
• [9] Yıldırım, H. B., Çelik, Ö., Teke, A., Barutçu, B., “Estimating daily Global solar radiation with graphical user interface in Eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 82, 1528–1537, 2018.
• [10] Jadli, U., Thakur, P., Shukla, R. D., “A new parameter estimation method of solar photovoltaic”, IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, 8(1), 239–247, 2018.
• [11] Scolari, E., Sossan, F., Paolone, M., “Photovoltaic-model-based solar irradiance estimators: Performance comparison and application to maximum power forecasting”, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 9(1), 35–44, 2018.
• [12] Sansaniwal, S. K., Sharma, V., Mathur, J., “Energy and exergy analyses of various typical solar energy applications: A comprehensive review”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 82, 1576–1601, 2018.
• [13] Singh, B., Murshid, S., “A grid-interactive permanent-magnet synchronous motor-driven solar water-pumping system”, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 54(5), 5549–5561, 2018.
• [14] Jia, Y., Alva, G., Fang, G., “Development and applications of photovoltaic–thermal systems: A review”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 102, 249–265, 2019.
• [15] AL-Rousan, N., Isa, N. A. M., Desa, M. K. M., “Advances in solar photovoltaic tracking systems: A review”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 82, 2548–2569, 2018.
• [16] Benda, D., Chu, X., Sun, S., Quek, T. Q. S., Buckley, A., “PV cell angle optimisation for energy arrival-consumption matching in a solar energy harvesting cellular network”, IEEE International Conference on Communications, 2(1), 40–48, 2017.
• [17] Beniwal, N., Hussain, I., Singh, B., “Control and operation of a solar PV-battery-grid-tied system in fixed and variable power mode”, IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, 12(11), 2633–2641, 2018.
• [18] Pandey, S. K., Kumar, S., Singh, B., “LCO-FLL control for single-phase utility integrated single-stage solar PV system”, IET Renewable Power Generation, 12(16), 1941–1948, 2018.
• [19] Hafez, A. Z., Yousef, A. M., Harag, N. M., “Solar tracking systems: Technologies and trackers drive types – A review”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 91, 754–782, 2018.
• [20] Kabir, E., Kumar, P., Kumar, S., Adelodun, A. A., Kim, K. H., “Solar energy: Potential and future prospects”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 82, 894–900, 2018.
• [21] Gökgöz, F., Güvercin, M. T., “Energy security and renewable energy efficiency in EU”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 96, 226–239, 2018.
• [22] Shahsavari, A., Akbari, M., “Potential of solar energy in developing countries for reducing energy-related emissions”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 90, 275–291, 2018.
• [23] Fathabadi, H., “Effect of external AC electric and magnetic fields on the power production of a silicon solar cell”, IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, 8(6), 1408–1412, 2018.
• [24] Chen, Y., Altermatt, P. P., Chen, D., Zhang, X., Xu, G., Yang, Y., Wang, Y., Feng, Z., Shen, H., Verlinden, P. J., “From laboratory to production: Learning models of efficiency and manufacturing cost of industrial crystalline silicon and thin-film photovoltaic technologies”, IEEE Journal of Photovoltaics, 8(6), 1531–1538, 2018.
• [25] Husain, A. A. F., Hasan, W. Z. W., Shafie, S., Hamidon, M. N., Pandey, S. S., “A review of transparent solar photovoltaic technologies”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 94, 779–791, 2018.
• [26] Ahmad, R., Murtaza, A. F., Sher, H. A., “Power tracking techniques for efficient operation of photovoltaic array in solar applications – A review”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 101, 82–102, 2019.
• [27] Yildirim, B., Özdemir, M. T., “Turkey and World Trends 2017 in Photovoltaic Applications”, International Journal on Mathematic, Engineering and Natural Sciences, 2, 1–6, 2018.
• [28] “http://www.enerjiatlasi.com/ulkelere-gore-gunes-enerjisi.html”, Ülkelere Göre Güneş Enerjisi.
• [29] “http://www.enerjiatlasi.com/haber/gunes-enerjisi-ile-elektrik-uretimi-3-kat-artti”, Güneş Enerjisi ile Elektrik Üretimi.
• [30] SEZAL, L., “Evaluation of the Solar Energy Investments in Turkey from Behavioral Finance”, The Journal of International Social Research, 10(51), 1117–1125, 2017.
• [31] Enerji Piyasası Düzenleme Kurumu, “Elektri̇k Üreti̇m Sektör Raporu”, Ankara, 2018.
• [32] Ertürk, O., Ertürk, A. E., “Türkiye’de Yenilebilir Enerji Kaynaklarının Elektrik Üretimi ve Cari Açık Üzerindeki Etkisi” , in International Conference on Economic and Social Impacts of Globalization and Future of Turkey-EU Relations, 2018, 103–113.
• [33] International Energy Agency, “Energy Policies of IEA Countries, Turkey”, 2016.
• [34] T.C. Enerji ve Tabii Kaynaklar Bakanlığı, “Dünya ve Türkiye Enerji ve Tabii Kaynaklar Görünümü”, 2017.
• [35] “http://www.eigm.gov.tr/tr-TR/Sayfalar/Enerji-Yatirimlari”, 2018.
• [36] Onat, N., “Türkiye’de Yenilenebilir Kaynaklardan Elektrik Enerjisi Üretimi: Mevcut Durum ve Gelecek Beklentileri” , Akıllı Ulaşım Sistemleri ve Uygulamaları Dergisi, 1(1), 8–15, 2018.
• [37] Alcan, Y., Demir, M., Duman, S., “Sinop province’s Solar Power Generation Potential in comparison with our country and Germany” , El-Cezerî Journal of Science and Engineering, 5(1), 35–44, 2018.
• [38] T.C. Yüksek Planlama Kurulu, Enerji Verimliliği Strateji Belgesi. Türkiye: Resmi Gazete, 2012, 1–15.
• [39] Enerji, M., “Ulusal Enerji Verimliliği Eylem Planı”, Türkiye, 2018.
• [40] Belediyesi, B., “https://www.bornova.bel.tr/yenilenebilir-enerji-kullananlar-belediye-ucretlerini-yuzde-25-indirimli-odeyecek/”, 2018.
• [41] “https://re.jrc.ec.europa.eu/pvg_tools/en/tools.html”, Avrupa Komisyonu Fotovoltaik Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemi, 2019.
• [42] IRENA (2018), “Renewable Power Generation Costs in 2017”, Abu Dhabi, 2018.
• [43] “https://www.seia.org/research-resources/solar-market-insight-report-2018-q4”, U.S. Solar Market Insıght Executive Summary Q4.
• [44] Mani, M., Pillai, R., “Impact of dust on solar photovoltaic (PV) performance: Research status, challenges and recommendations”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 14(9), 3124–3131, 2010.