Numerical investigation of different combustion chamber on flow, combustion characteristics and exhaust emissions

Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 7 - 15, 20.03.2023

İlker Temizer , Ömer Cihan , Öncel Öncüoğlu

https://doi.org/10.26701/ems.1181494

Cited By: 2

Abstract

This study includes numerical analysis of diesel engine with different bowl geometry. 3D CFD analyzes of the engine with asymmetrical piston geometry were performed in Ansys Forte software. In the study, a single-cylinder, four-stroke and direct injection diesel engine was used. It has been tested where the maximum torque is obtained as the operating condition at 2000 rpm. According to the results obtained from the analyzes, the new combustion chamber system (NCCS) geometry provided a 40.3% reduction in soot emissions while NO emissions increased slightly with the 8-cavity bowl geometry created in the combustion chamber compared to the standard combustion chamber system (SCCS). Increasing air velocity and turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) values in the combustion chamber affected the evaporation levels of the fuels. As a result, the improved mixture formation caused a decrease in incomplete combustion products (CO, HC and soot). The NCCS geometry according to SCCS type, an increase of approximately 4.2% occurred in the calculated squish rates. It has been observed that the increase in the bowl surface area causes the combustion and thus the temperature to spread over a larger area on the piston.

Keywords

Diesel engine, Bowl geometry, Combustion analysis, Fuel spray distribution

Supporting Institution

TÜBİTAK

Project Number

120M143

Thanks

This research was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey - TUBITAK Project No. 120M143.

References

• Jaichandar, J., Annamalai, K. (2012). Influences of re-entrant combustion chamber geometry on the performance of Pongamia biodiesel in a DI diesel engine. Energy, 44(1): 633-640. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2012.05.029
• Challen, B., Barnescu, R. (1999). Diesel engine reference book. England: Society of Automotive Engineers; Bath Press.
• Montajir, R., Tsunemoto, H., Ishitani, H., Minami, T., (2000). Fuel spray Behavior in a small DI Diesel engine: effect of combustion chamber geometry. SAE Technical Paper, 2000-01-0946: 1-12. https://doi.org/10.4271/2000-01-0946.
• Kalay, İ. (2011). Investigation of piston bowl in diesel engines, M.Sc thesis, Istanbul Technical University, Institute of science and technology, Istanbul, Turkey.
• Varun, Singh, P., Tiwari, S.K., Singh, R., Kumar, N., (2017). Modification in combustion chamber geometry of CI engines for suitability of biodiesel: A review. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 79: 1016-1033. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.05.116
• Saito, T., Daisho, Y., Uchida, N., Ikeya, N. (1986). Effects of Combustion Chamber Geometry on Diesel Combustion. SAE Technical Paper, 861186: 71-81. https://doi.org/10.4271/861186.
• Yaliwal, V.S., Banapurmath, N.R., Gireesh, N.M., Hosmath, R.S., Donateo, T., Tewari, P.G. (2016). Effect of nozzle and combustion chamber geometry on the performance of a diesel engine operated on dual fuel mode using renewable fuels. Renewable Energy, 93: 483-501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2016.03.020
• Bapu, B.R.R., Saravanakumar, L., Prasad, B.D. (2017). Effects of combustion chamber geometry on combustion characteristics of a DI diesel engine fueled with calophyllum inophyllum methyl ester. Journal of the Energy Institute, 90(1): 82-100, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joei.2015.10.004
• Sener, R., Yangaz, M.U., Gul, M.Z. (2020). Effects of injection strategy and combustion chamber modification on a single-cylinder diesel engine. Fuel, 266: 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2020.117122
• Dimitriou, P., Wang, W., Peng, Z. (2015). A piston geometry and n ozzle spray angle investigation in a DI diesel engine by quantifying the air-fuel mixture. International Journal of Spray and Combustion Dynamics, 7(1): 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1260/1756-8277.7.1.1
• Sener, R., Ozdemir, M.R., Yangaz, M.U. (2019). Influence of piston bowl geometry on combustion and emission characteristics. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy, 233(5): 576-587. https://doi.org/10.1177/0957650919854637
• Lia, X., Chena, Y., Sub, L., Liua, F. (2018). Effects of lateral swirl combustion chamber geometries on the combustion and emission characteristics of DI diesel engines and a matching method for the combustion chamber geometry. Fuel. 224: 644-660. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2018.03.063
• Shivashimpi, M.M., Alur, S.A., Topannavar, S.N., Dodamani, B.M. (2018). Combined effect of combustion chamber shapes and nozzle geometry on the performance and emission characteristics of C.I. engine operated on Pongamia. Energy, 154: 17-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2018.04.097
• Zhang, L., Ueda, T., Takatsuki, T., Yokota, K., (1995). A study of the effects of chamber geometries on flame behavior in a DI Diesel engine. SAE Technical Paper, 952515: 1-9. https://doi.org/10.4271/952515
• Mittal, G., Gwalwanshi, M. (2021). Influence of reentrant piston bowl geometry on combustion in CI engine. Materials Today: Proceedings, 46(20): 11011-11014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2021.02.098
• Liu, D., Li, X., Shang, H., Xie, L., Chen, Y., Chang, J. (2021). Combustion performance and fuel injection timing adaptability of a lateral swirl combustion system for direct injection diesel engines. Fuel, 286: 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2021.120663
• Temizer, İ., Cihan, Ö., Eskici, B. (2020). Numerical and experimental investigation of the effect of biodiesel/diesel fuel on combustion characteristics in CI engine. Fuel, 270: 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2020.117523
• Amate A.P., Khairnar, H.P. (2015). Disquisition on Diesel Engine Emissions and Piston Bowl Parameters. International Advanced Research Journal in Science, Engineering and Technology, 2(7): 42-49. doi: 10.17148/IARJSET.2015.2710
• Sreedharan, S.N., Krishnan, R. (2018). Development of tool to design piston bowl considering spray parameters to reduce emissions. Materials Science and Engineering, 396: 1-8: doi:10.1088/1757-899X/396/1/012055
• Kaplan, M. (2019). Influence of swirl, tumble and squish flows on combustion characteristics and emissions in internal combustion engine-review. International Journal of Automotive Engineering and Technologies (IJAET), 8(2): 83-102. https://doi.org/10.18245/ijaet.558258
• Towers, J., Hoekstra, R. (1998). Engine knock, A renewed concern in motorsports - A literature review. SAE Technical Paper, 983026: 1-17. https://doi.org/10.4271/983026
• Payri, F., Benajes, J., Margot, X., Gil, A. (2004). CFD modeling of the in-cylinder flow in direct-injection Diesel engines. Computers & Fluids, 33: 995-1021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2003.09.003
• Gunabalan, A., Ramprabhu, R. (2009). Effect of piston bowl geometry on flow, combustion and emission in DI engines-a CFD approach. International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, 4(11): 2181-2188
• Raj, A.R.G.S., Mallikarjuna, J.M., Ganesan, V. (2013). Energy efficient piston configuration for effective air motion – A CFD study. Applied Energy, 102: 347-354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.07.022
• Harshavardhan, B., Mallikarjuna, J.M. (2015). Effect of piston shape on in-cylinder flows and air-fuel interaction in a direct injection spark ignition engine - A CFD analysis, Energy, 81: 361-372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2014.12.049
• He, Y. (2007). Effect of intake primary runner blockages on combustion characteristics and emissions in spark ignition engines, PhD Thesis, University of Ohio, USA.
• Genzale, C., Wickman, D., Reitz, R.D. (2006). An advanced optimization methodology for understanding the effects of piston bowl design in late injection low-temperature Diesel combustion, In: Proceedings of THIESEL 2006 conference on “thermo and fluid dynamic processes in diesel engines”, Valencia-Spain.