THE INSTRUMENTAL USE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY: THE INCREASING IMPORTANCE OF VIRTUAL ORGANIZATIONS

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 8 , 93 - 102, 10.12.2017

Demokaan Demirel

Öz

Information reveals new products and technologies with
distinctive features for organizations. It develops organizational working
techniques. In the age of information, every organization is carrying out its
activities on information technologies. Information technology provides close
control of staff in the organizations and reduces the possibility of errors. It
sets the ground for timely changes necessary for the organizations. It provides
efficiency in collecting and analysing information necessary for administrative
tasks. It gives managers more time to plan and execute administrative affairs.
Thus, the organizational structure is no longer based on work; divided by
information. Information technology has an impact on achieving competitive
advantage, increasing productivity and performance, and creating new tasks and
job descriptions. Virtual organizations, the organizational model of
information technologies, are formed as a result of the integration of
organizations with different knowledge and expertise towards a common goal.
Virtual organizations gather various resources from different organizations in
one project and enter the market with new products and respond to changing
customer choices timely. Through information and communication technologies, it
offers specialization, acceleration of business and operations, reducing costs
and opening to the global marketplace. Information technology is one of the
most important success factors for virtual organizations with its constantly
renewed and evolving structure. Virtual organizations support dynamic changes
for staff in the organization's working environments and duties. This study
aims to evaluate the effects of information technology on organizations move in
to a virtual environment. In the study, the concept of informatics and its
contributions to the process of organizational change have been examined. In
this context, the effects of information technology on business strategies,
hierarchical structure, operational costs and staffing, decision making and
changes in organizational processes are emphasized. In the second part of the
study, characteristics and types of virtual organizations which are
organizational model of information technologies, advantages and disadvantages
of virtual organization structure, factors necessary for the success of virtual
organizations are evaluated.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Informatics, information technology, organizational structure, organizational change, virtual organizations

Kaynakça

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