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Yıl 2020, Cilt: 18 , 100 - 108, 31.12.2020

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Aitchison, J. (2003). Words in the mind. Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
  • Boyle, J. P. (1987). Sex differences in listening vocabulary. Language Learning, 37, 273-284.
  • Brantmeier, C. (2003). Does gender make a difference? Passage content and comprehension in second language reading. Reading in a Foreign Language, 15, 1-27.
  • Chen, W. W. (2003). Current Trends of Vocabulary Teaching and Learning Strategies for EFL Settings. Journal of Feng Chia University, 7, 187-224.
  • Cohen,A.D.(1990).Language learning. Insights for learners, teachers and researcher.Boston, Mass:Heinle and Heinle Publishers.Collins Co build Dictionary.Great Britain: Richard Clay Ltd.
  • Cohen, A. D. (2000). Strategies in Learning and Using a Second Language. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
  • Edelenbos, P., & Vinje, M. (2000). The assessment of a foreign language at the end of primary (elementary) education. Language Testing, 17, 144-162.
  • Ellis, R. (1997). Second Language Acquisition. Oxford: Oxford University Press. (Online).
  • Ellis, N. C. (1994). Vocabulary acquisition: Psychological perspectives and pedagogical implications. The Language Teacher, 19(2), 12-16.
  • Jimenez, R. M. (1992). Errors in the written production of English and possible conditioning factors. Madrid: Complutense University of Madrid..
  • Jimenez, R. M. (ed.) (2010). Gender perspectives on vocabulary in foreign and second language. Basingstoke: Palgrave MacMillan.
  • Jimenez, R. M., & Terrazas, M. (2005-2008). The receptive vocabulary of EFL young learners. Journal of English Studies, 5-6, 173-191.
  • Lin, J., & Wu, F. (2003). Differential performance by gender in foreignlanguage testing. Poster for the 2003 annual meeting of NCME Chicago.
  • Llach, M. P.A., & Gallego, M. T. (2012). Vocabulary knowledge development and gender differences in a second language. Studies English linguistics applied, 12,45-75.
  • Lynn, R., Fergusson, D., & Horwood, L. J. (2005). Sex differences on the WISC-R in New Zealand” Personality and Individual Differences, 39, 103-114.
  • Meara, P., & Fitzpatrick, T. (2000). Lex 30: An improved method of assessing productive vocabulary in an L2. System, 28, 19-30.
  • Na, W. (2016).Gender differences in the use of English vocabulary learning strategies in Chinese Senior High Schools. Studies in Literature and Language, 12(4), 58-62. DOI: 10.3968/8225
  • Nation, P. (1990). Teaching and learning vocabulary. New York: Newbury.
  • Nemati, A. B. (2008). Vocabulary retention technique through an organized learning scheme. Indian Linguistics, 69(1-4), 289-296.
  • O’malley, J. M., & Chamot, A. U. (1990). Learning strategies in second language acquisition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Oxford, R. L. (1990). Use of language learning strategies: A synthesis of studies with implication for strategy training.System, 17, 1-13.
  • Oxford, R. L. (1990). Language learning strategies: What every teacher should know. Heinle & Heinle Publishers.
  • Oxford, R., & Crookall, D. (1990). Vocabulary Learning: A Critical Analysis of Techniques. TESL Canada Journal Review, 7(2), 9-30.
  • Pickrell, J. (2010). How to retain and learn new vocabulary words.
  • Scarcella, R., & Zimmerman, C. (1998). Academic words and gender. ESL student performance on a test of academic lexicon. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 20, 27-49.
  • Schmitt, N. (2000). Vocabulary in Language Teaching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Schmitt, N., Schmitt, D., & Clapham, C. (2001). Developing and exploring the behaviour of two new versions of the Vocabulary Level Test. Language Testing, 18, 55-88.
  • Schneider, V. I., Healy, A. F., Bourne, L. E., Jr. (2002). What is learned under difficult conditions is hard to forget: Contextual interference effects in foreign vocabulary acquisition, retention, and transfer. Journal of Memory and Language, 46, 419–440.
  • Sunderland, J. (2000). Issues of gender and Language in Second and foreign language Education. Language Teaching, 33, 203-233.
  • Thornbury, S. (2002). How to teach vocabulary. Harlow, England: Longman.
  • Young,D.J.& Oxford, R.(1997).A gender-related analysis of strategies used to process written input in the native language and a foreign language. Applied Language Learning, 8, 43-73.

Impact of Vocabulary Learning Strategies on Gender Based ESL Learners

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 18 , 100 - 108, 31.12.2020

Öz

The wide spectrum of English language compels the readers to find out the exact crux of the language itself. English has won the status of international language. It has become a dire need of this age. English language is comparatively difficult due to its pronunciation, sentence structure, and vocabulary level from local languages in Pakistan. Vocabulary is the utmost aspect of learning second language. It is the essence and soul of language. Language acquisition is not possible without vocabulary. The language process depends on learning vocabulary. So the current paper investigates the impact of vocabulary learning strategies for the ESL learners. It was an experimental type of research. One hundred students of Grade-9 in the academic year 2019-20 from Govt.S.D. High School Bahawalpur and Workers Welfare High School (Girls) Bahawalpur participated in this study in both experimental and control groups. The data was collected through test and questionnaire. The study results explored that the students who were taught by the ESL learning techniques performed better as compared with the students in traditional vocabulary learning method. Female students performed better in experimental group. ESL male learners used group association learning technique at priority and ESL female learners used visual and auditory learning at their priority. Based on the findings, the researchers recommend that English language teachers should use vocabulary learning strategies for teaching English in general and for the ESL learners in particular.

Kaynakça

  • Aitchison, J. (2003). Words in the mind. Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
  • Boyle, J. P. (1987). Sex differences in listening vocabulary. Language Learning, 37, 273-284.
  • Brantmeier, C. (2003). Does gender make a difference? Passage content and comprehension in second language reading. Reading in a Foreign Language, 15, 1-27.
  • Chen, W. W. (2003). Current Trends of Vocabulary Teaching and Learning Strategies for EFL Settings. Journal of Feng Chia University, 7, 187-224.
  • Cohen,A.D.(1990).Language learning. Insights for learners, teachers and researcher.Boston, Mass:Heinle and Heinle Publishers.Collins Co build Dictionary.Great Britain: Richard Clay Ltd.
  • Cohen, A. D. (2000). Strategies in Learning and Using a Second Language. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press.
  • Edelenbos, P., & Vinje, M. (2000). The assessment of a foreign language at the end of primary (elementary) education. Language Testing, 17, 144-162.
  • Ellis, R. (1997). Second Language Acquisition. Oxford: Oxford University Press. (Online).
  • Ellis, N. C. (1994). Vocabulary acquisition: Psychological perspectives and pedagogical implications. The Language Teacher, 19(2), 12-16.
  • Jimenez, R. M. (1992). Errors in the written production of English and possible conditioning factors. Madrid: Complutense University of Madrid..
  • Jimenez, R. M. (ed.) (2010). Gender perspectives on vocabulary in foreign and second language. Basingstoke: Palgrave MacMillan.
  • Jimenez, R. M., & Terrazas, M. (2005-2008). The receptive vocabulary of EFL young learners. Journal of English Studies, 5-6, 173-191.
  • Lin, J., & Wu, F. (2003). Differential performance by gender in foreignlanguage testing. Poster for the 2003 annual meeting of NCME Chicago.
  • Llach, M. P.A., & Gallego, M. T. (2012). Vocabulary knowledge development and gender differences in a second language. Studies English linguistics applied, 12,45-75.
  • Lynn, R., Fergusson, D., & Horwood, L. J. (2005). Sex differences on the WISC-R in New Zealand” Personality and Individual Differences, 39, 103-114.
  • Meara, P., & Fitzpatrick, T. (2000). Lex 30: An improved method of assessing productive vocabulary in an L2. System, 28, 19-30.
  • Na, W. (2016).Gender differences in the use of English vocabulary learning strategies in Chinese Senior High Schools. Studies in Literature and Language, 12(4), 58-62. DOI: 10.3968/8225
  • Nation, P. (1990). Teaching and learning vocabulary. New York: Newbury.
  • Nemati, A. B. (2008). Vocabulary retention technique through an organized learning scheme. Indian Linguistics, 69(1-4), 289-296.
  • O’malley, J. M., & Chamot, A. U. (1990). Learning strategies in second language acquisition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Oxford, R. L. (1990). Use of language learning strategies: A synthesis of studies with implication for strategy training.System, 17, 1-13.
  • Oxford, R. L. (1990). Language learning strategies: What every teacher should know. Heinle & Heinle Publishers.
  • Oxford, R., & Crookall, D. (1990). Vocabulary Learning: A Critical Analysis of Techniques. TESL Canada Journal Review, 7(2), 9-30.
  • Pickrell, J. (2010). How to retain and learn new vocabulary words.
  • Scarcella, R., & Zimmerman, C. (1998). Academic words and gender. ESL student performance on a test of academic lexicon. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 20, 27-49.
  • Schmitt, N. (2000). Vocabulary in Language Teaching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Schmitt, N., Schmitt, D., & Clapham, C. (2001). Developing and exploring the behaviour of two new versions of the Vocabulary Level Test. Language Testing, 18, 55-88.
  • Schneider, V. I., Healy, A. F., Bourne, L. E., Jr. (2002). What is learned under difficult conditions is hard to forget: Contextual interference effects in foreign vocabulary acquisition, retention, and transfer. Journal of Memory and Language, 46, 419–440.
  • Sunderland, J. (2000). Issues of gender and Language in Second and foreign language Education. Language Teaching, 33, 203-233.
  • Thornbury, S. (2002). How to teach vocabulary. Harlow, England: Longman.
  • Young,D.J.& Oxford, R.(1997).A gender-related analysis of strategies used to process written input in the native language and a foreign language. Applied Language Learning, 8, 43-73.
Toplam 31 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Articles
Yazarlar

Muhammad Safdar Bhatti Bu kişi benim

Rafia Mukhtar Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 18

Kaynak Göster

APA Bhatti, M. S., & Mukhtar, R. (2020). Impact of Vocabulary Learning Strategies on Gender Based ESL Learners. The Eurasia Proceedings of Educational and Social Sciences, 18, 100-108.