Life cycle assessment of energy production from municipal solid waste: İstanbul case

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 4, 537 - 546, 31.12.2024

Afşin Çetinkaya , Levent Bilgili

https://doi.org/10.35208/ert.1455985

Öz

Several methods are used during waste management: landfill, incineration, composting, anaerobic digestion, pyrolysis, and recycling etc. In particular, the use of biogas formed through anaerobic digestion in energy production and the energy obtained through the incineration process is very effective in turning the negative effects of wastes into positive ones. In this study, the effects of three different waste management scenarios were examined from a life cycle perspective. According to the results, scenario1 (landfill and incineration), scenario2 (landfill, incineration, and anaerobic digestion), and scenario3 (landfill, anaerobic digestion, and recycle) produced emissions of 3233.1, 328.8, and -848.9 kg of CO2eq, respectively. Accordingly, and in accordance with the results of the previous studies, it is observed that the landfill application gave the worst environmental result, the incineration and anaerobic digestion applications reduce the environmental effects, and the recycling application provides environmental benefits. It is concluded that the best environmental practice is plastic and metal recycling.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Waste management, anaerobic digestion, incineration, landfill, recycling, life cycle assessment

Teşekkür

The authors thank Bandirma Onyedi Eylul University for supporting to buy the licensed version of SimaPro 9.3.0.2 software.

Kaynakça

• A. H. Khan, E. A. López-Maldonado, S. S. Alam, N. A. Khan, J. R. L. López, P. F. M. Herrera, and L. Singh, “Municipal solid waste generation and the current state of waste-to-energy potential: State of art review,” Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 267, Article 115905, 2022. [CrossRef]
• S. Ma, C. Zhou, J. Pan, G. Yang, C. Sun, Y. Liu, and Z. Zhao, “Leachate from municipal solid waste landfills in a global perspective: Characteristics, influential factors and environmental risks,” Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 333, Article 130234, 2022. [CrossRef]
• P. Prajapati, S. Varjani, R. R. Singhania, A. K. Patel, M. K. Awasthi, R. Sindhu, and P. Chaturvedi, “Critical review on technological advancements for effective waste management of municipal solid waste — Updates and way forward: Advancements in Municipal Solid Waste Management,” Environmental Technology and Innovation, Vol. 23, Article 101749, 2021. [CrossRef]
• B. Liu, L. Zhang, and Q. Wang, “Demand gap analysis of municipal solid waste landfill in Beijing: Based on the municipal solid waste generation,” Waste Management, Vol. 134, pp. 42–51, 2021. [CrossRef]
• F. Ardolino, F. Parrillo, and U. Arena, “Biowaste-to-biomethane or biowaste-to-energy? An LCA study on anaerobic digestion of organic waste,” Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 174, pp. 462–476, 2018. [CrossRef]
• A. Y. Cetinkaya, B. Ozkaya, E. Taskan, D. Karadag, and M. Cakmakci, “The production of electricity from dual-chambered microbial fuel cell fueled by old age leachate,” Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, Vol. 38(11), pp. 1544–1552, 2016. [CrossRef]
• B. Ahmed, V. K. Tyagi, K. Aboudi, A. Naseem, C. J. Álvarez-Gallego, L. A. Fernández-Güelfo, and L. I. Romero-García, “Thermally enhanced solubilization and anaerobic digestion of organic fraction of municipal solid waste,” Chemosphere, Vol. 282, Article 131136, 2021. [CrossRef]
• M. R. Atelge, H. Senol, M. Djaafri, T. A. Hansu, D. Krisa, A. Atabani, and H. D. Kıvrak, “A critical overview of the state-of-the-art methods for biogas purification and utilization processes,” Sustainability (Switzerland), Vol. 13(20), Article 11515, 2021. [CrossRef]
• N. Kamalimeera and V. Kirubakaran, “Prospects and restraints in biogas fed SOFC for rural energization: A critical review in Indian perspective,” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 143, Article 110914, 2021. [CrossRef]
• Y. Zhang, L. Wang, L. Chen, B. Ma, Y. Zhang, W. Ni, and D. C. Tsang, “Treatment of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash: State-of-the-art technologies and future perspectives,” Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 411, Article 125132, 2021. [CrossRef]
• L. Shunda, X. Jiang, Y. Zhao, and J. Yan, “Disposal technology and new progress for dioxins and heavy metals in fly ash from municipal solid waste incineration: A critical review,” Environmental Pollution, Vol. 311, Article 119878, 2022. [CrossRef]
• A. B. Syeda, A. Jadoon, and M. N. Chaudhry, “Life cycle assessment modelling of greenhouse gas emissions from existing and proposed municipal solid waste management system of Lahore, Pakistan,” Sustainability (Switzerland), Vol. 9(12), pp. 1753–1758, 2017. [CrossRef]
• Y. Wang, J. W. Levis, and M. A. Barlaz, “Life-cycle assessment of a regulatory compliant U.S. Municipal Solid Waste Landfill,” Environmental Science and Technology, Vol. 55(20), pp. 13583–13592, 2021. [CrossRef]
• M. Z. Hauschild, R. K. Rosenbaum, and S. I. Olsen, Eds., Life Cycle Assessment: Theory and Practice, 1st ed. Cham, Switzerland: Springer, 2018. [CrossRef]
• G. S. Babu, P. Lakshmikanthan, and L. G. Santhosh, “Life cycle analysis of municipal solid waste (MSW) land disposal options in Bangalore City,” in ICSI 2014: Creating Infrastructure for a Sustainable World, 2014, pp. 795–806. [CrossRef]
• J. Dong, Y. Tang, A. Nzihou, Y. Chi, E. Weiss-Hortala, and M. Ni, “Life cycle assessment of pyrolysis, gasification and incineration waste-to-energy technologies: Theoretical analysis and case study of commercial plants,” Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 626, pp. 744–753, 2018. [CrossRef]
• R. Rana, R. Ganguly, and A. K. Gupta, “Life-cycle assessment of municipal solid-waste management strategies in Tricity region of India,” Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management, Vol. 21, pp. 606–623, 2019. [CrossRef]
• A. Sharma, R. Ganguly, and A. K. Gupta, “Life cycle assessment of municipal solid waste generated from hilly cities in India - A case study,” Heliyon, Vol. 9, Article e21575, 2023. [CrossRef]
• U. Arena, F. Ardolino, and F. Di Gregorio, “A life cycle assessment of environmental performances of two combustion- and gasification-based waste-to-energy technologies,” Waste Management, Vol. 41, pp. 60–74, 2015. [CrossRef]
• M. Anshassi, H. Sackles, and T. G. Townsend, “A review of LCA assumptions impacting whether landfilling or incineration results in less greenhouse gas emissions,” Resources, Conservation and Recycling, Vol. 174, Article 105810, 2021. [CrossRef]
• C. Lamnatou, R. Nicolaï, D. Chemisana, C. Cristofari, and D. Cancellieri, "Biogas production by means of an anaerobic-digestion plant in France: LCA of greenhouse-gas emissions and other environmental indicators," Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 670, pp. 1226–1239, 2019. [CrossRef]
• M. Franchetti, “Economic and environmental analysis of four different configurations of anaerobic digestion for food waste to energy conversion using LCA for: A food service provider case study,” Journal of Environmental Management, Vol. 123, pp. 42–48, 2013. [CrossRef]
• P. Bartocci, M. Zampilli, F. Liberti, V. Pistolesi, S. Massoli, G. Bidini, and F. Fantozzi, "LCA analysis of food waste co-digestion," Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 709, Article 136187, 2020. [CrossRef]
• A. Y. Cetinkaya, and L. Bilgili, “Life cycle comparison of membrane capacitive deionization and reverse osmosis membrane for textile wastewater treatment,” Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, Vol. 230(7), Article 149, 2019. [CrossRef]
• B. Bahor, M. Van Brunt, J. Stovall, and K. Blue, “Integrated waste management as a climate change stabilization wedge,” Waste Management & Research, Vol. 27(9), pp. 839–849, 2009. [CrossRef]
• T. A. Kurniawan, X. Liang, D. Singh, M. H. D. Othman, H. H. Goh, P. Gikas, and J. A. Shoqeir, “Harnessing landfill gas (LFG) for electricity: A strategy to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Jakarta (Indonesia),” Journal of Environmental Management, Vol. 301, Article 113882, 2022. [CrossRef]
• H. Luo, Y. Cheng, D. He, and E. H. Yang, “Review of leaching behavior of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) ash,” Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 668, pp. 90–103, 2019. [CrossRef]
• P. D. M. Lima, D. A. Colvero, A. P. Gomes, H. Wenzel, V. Schalch, and C. Cimpan, “Environmental assessment of existing and alternative options for management of municipal solid waste in Brazil,” Waste Management, Vol. 78, pp. 857–870, 2018. [CrossRef]
• P. C. Slorach, H. K. Jeswani, R. Cuéllar-Franca, and A. Azapagic, “Environmental and economic implications of recovering resources from food waste in a circular economy,” Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 693, Article 133516, 2019. [CrossRef]
• S. R. Sharvini, Z. Z. Noor, C. S. Chong, L. C. Stringer, and D. Glew, “Energy generation from palm oil mill effluent: A life cycle assessment of two biogas technologies,” Energy, Vol. 191, Article 116513, 2020. [CrossRef]
• H. Guven, Z. Wang, and O. Eriksson, “Evaluation of future food waste management alternatives in Istanbul from the life cycle assessment perspective,” Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 239, Article 117999, 2019. [CrossRef]
• Z. Zhou, Y. Tang, J. Dong, Y. Chi, M. Ni, N. Li, and Y. Zhang, “Environmental performance evolution of municipal solid waste management by life cycle assessment in Hangzhou, China,” Journal of Environmental Management, Vol. 227, pp. 23–33, 2018. [CrossRef]