Yenidoğan Yoğunbakım Ünitesinde Yatan Preterm Bebekler ve Anneleri Arasında Yapılan Görüntülü Görüşmenin Anne Sütü Miktarına Etkisi: Randomize Kontrollü Çalışma

Yıl 2024, , 293 - 299, 05.07.2024

Serap Kaynak , Hatice Bal Yılmaz , Atika Çağlar , Mine Özdil

https://doi.org/10.62425/esbder.1509166

Öz

Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı, YYBÜ’nde preterm bebekler ve anneleri arasında gerçekleştirilen görüntülü görüşmenin annelerde süt miktarına etkisinin incelenmesidir.
Yöntemler: Bu araştırma randomize kontrol gruplu deneysel bir çalışmadır. Araştırma Türkiye Balıkesir Atatürk Şehir Hastanesi Yenidoğan Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde 15 Nisan- 1 Ekim 2022 tarihleri arasında yapılmıştır. Araştırmada görüntülü görüşme ve kontrol grubu olmak üzere iki grup bulunmaktadır. Araştırmaya, görüntülü görüşme grubunda 50, kontrol gurubunda 50 toplam 100 preterm bebek ve annesi dahil edilmiştir. Preterm bebeği ve annesi arasındaki online görüntülü görüşmeler zoom uygulaması kullanılarak haftanın her günü 10 dk olarak uygulanmıştır. Görüşme sırasında annelere yönlendirme yapılmamış, istedikleri şekilde bebeğini izlemeleri sağlanmıştır. Anneler ve preterm bebekleri arasındaki görüntülü görüşmeler günlük 10 dk olarak uygulanmıştır. Araştırmacı günlük anne sütü miktarı takip çizelgesini, anneye whatsapp uygulaması üzerinden göndermiştir. Yedinci günün sonunda anne, anne sütü takip çizelgesini whatsapp uygulaması üzerinden araştırmacıya tekrar iletmiştir. Standart hastane protokolünde kontrol grubundaki anneler YYBÜ'deki bebeklerini haftanın iki günü yüz yüze ziyaret ederek bebekleri hakkında bilgi alabilmektedir.
Bulgular: Görüntülü görüşme grubu ile kontrol grubu arasında 7 günlük anne sütü fark miktarı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark saptanmamıştır, ancak görüntülü görüşme grubundaki annelerin anne sütü 7. günde kontrol grubuna göre daha fazla arttığı bulunmuştur (p<,001).
Sonuç: Görüntülü görüşme grubunda yer alan annelerin süt miktarı kontrol grubuna göre yedinci gün sonunda daha çok arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Preterm doğum annelerde yetersiz süt salınımına neden olan faktörler arasında yer almaktadır. YYBÜ hemşireleri preterm annelerde süt miktarını arttırmak için sanal hasta ziyareti teknolojisinden faydalanabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Anne sütü, görüntülü görüşme, anne, preterm, YYBÜ

The Effect of Video Calls Held Between Preterm Babies Hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and Their Mothers on the Amount of Breast Milk: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Öz

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effect of video calls held between preterm babies hospitalized in NICU and their mothers on the amount of breast milk.
Methods: This study is a randomized controlled trial. This study was conducted in the NICU of Balıkesir Atatürk City Hospital between 15 April-01 October 2022. One hundred preterm infants and their mothers, 50 in video call and 50 in control groups, were included. Online video calls between the preterm infants and their mothers were held by using Zoom application as 10 minutes on every day of the week. The breast milk follow-up form was sent to the mothers over WhatsApp application and the mothers sent the form back to the researcher at the 7th day. As per the standard hospital protocol, mother who control group can visit their infants in NICU face-to-face two days a week and get information about their infants.
Results: No statistically significant difference was determined between the video call group and the control group in terms of 7-day breastmilk amount; however, the breast milk of the mothers in the video call group increased more on the 7th day compared to the control group (p<.001).
Conclusions: It was found that the amount of breast milk increased more in the mothers in the experimental group at the end of day 7 compared to the control group mothers. Preterm delivery is among the factors that lead to inadequate breast milk expression. NICU nurses can make use of virtual patient visit technology in order to increase the amount of breast milk in mothers.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Breast milk, video call, mother, preterm, NICU

Kaynakça

• Akarsu, R. H., Tunca, B., & Alsaç, S. Y. (2017). Evidence-Based Applications in Mother-Infant Attachment. Gümüşhane University Journal of Health Sciences, 6(4),275-279.
• Altınbaş, Y., & İster, E. D. (2020). Nurses' Attitudes Towards Caregiver Roles and Perceptions of Individualized Care. STED, 29(4), 246-254. DOI: 10.17942/sted.621856
• Arça, G., &Işık, H.F. (2019). The Role of Midwife and Nurse in Breastfeeding. University of Health Sciences Journal of Nursing, 1 (3), 221-228.
• Basu, S., Upadhyay, J., Singh, P., & Kumar, M. (2020). Early versus late fortification of breast milk in preterm infants: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European Journal of Pediatrics, 179, 1057-1068. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00431-020-03677-6
• Battersby, C., Longford, N., Mandalia, S., Costeloe, K., & Modi, N. (2017). Incidence and enteral feed antecedents of severe neonatal necrotising enterocolitis across neonatal networks in England, 2012–13: a whole-population surveillance study. The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 2(1), 43-51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-1253(16)30117-0
• Brown, JV., Walsh, V., & McGuire, W. (2019). Formula versus maternal breast milk for feeding preterm or low birth weight infants. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 8. Art. No.: CD002972. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD002972.
• Dunham, M., & Marin, T. (2020). NICU maternal-infant bonding: Virtual visitation as a bonding enhancement tool. The Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing, 34(2), 171–177. https://doi.org/10.1097/JPN.0000000000000484.
• Embleton, ND., Berrington, JE., Dorling, J., Ewer, AK., Juszczak, E., Kirby JA, et al. (2017). Mechanisms aFecting the gut of preterm infants in enteral feeding trials. Frontiers in Nutrition, 4,14-20. DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2017.00014. Ergün, S., Kaynak, S., & Aydın, B. (2022). Fear of COVID-19 and related factors affecting mothers’ breastfeeding self-efficacy during the pandemic. Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP, 56, 1-8.
• Gerfen, M. E. (2018). Postpartum depression in the neonatal intensive care unit: Experience of mothers utilising a web-camera. Doctoral dissertation America: University of Virginia. https://doi.org/10.18130/V3CV4BR39.
• Gibson, R., & Kilcullen, M. (2020). The impact of web-cameras on parent-infant attachment in the neonatal intensive care unit. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 52, e77-e83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2020.01.009.
• Goldman, A. S. (2019). Future research in the immune system of human milk. The Journal of Pediatrics, 206, 274-279.
• Goldschmidt, K., & Mele, C. (2021). Disruption of patient and family centered care through the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 58, 102. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2021.03.001
• Kerr, S., King, C., Hogg, R., McPherson, K., Hanley, J., Brierton, M., & Ainsworth, S. (2017). Transition to parenthood in the neonatal care unit: a qualitative study and conceptual model designed to illuminate parent and professional views of the impact of webcam technology. BMC pediatrics, 17, 1-13.
• Kubicka, Z., Zahr, E., Clark, P., Williams, D., Berbert, L., & Arzuaga, B. (2021). Use of an internet camera system in the neonatal intensive care unit: parental and nursing perspectives and its effects on stress. Journal of Perinatology, 41(8), 2048-2056. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41372-021-00934-w.
• Lau, C. (2018). Breastfeeding challenges and the preterm mother-infant dyad: a conceptual model. Breastfeed Med., 13(1):8–17. https://doi.org/10.1089/ bfm.2016.0206.
• Murray, P. D., & Swanson, J. R. (2020). Visitation restrictions: is it right and how do we support families in the NICU during COVID-19. Journal of Perinatology, 40(10), 1576-1581. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41372-020-00781-1
• Psychogiou, K., Ashworth, C., Weaver-Lowe, L., Carroll, C., Callow, C., & Edi-Osagie, N. (2020). Novel use of Facetime in supporting maternal-infant bonding. Journal of Neonatal Nursing, 26(2), 106-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnn.2019.07.012.
• Quigley, M., Embleton, ND., & McGuire, W. (2018). Formula versus donor breast milk for feeding preterm or low birth weight infants. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 6. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD002971.pub4
• Rhoads, S. J., Green, A., Mitchell, A., & Lynch, C. E. (2015). Neuroprotective core measure 2: Partnering with families - exploratory study on web-camera viewing of hospitalized infants and the effect on parental stress, anxiety, and bonding. Newborn & Infant Nursing Reviews, 15(3), 104–110. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.nainr.2015.06.011
• Ross, J., & Goldschmidt, K. (2021). The use of live-stream virtual visits for parents in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Journal of pediatric nursing, 59, 198-199. 10.1016/j.pedn.2021.04.012.
• Turrill, S., & Crathern, L. (2016). Yenidoğan yoğun Bakım Ünitesindeki Aileler. İçinde: Yenidoğan Yoğun Bakım Hemşireliği. Edt: G. Çeviri Edt: Tüfekçi Güdücü F, Küçük Alemdar D, Kardaş Özdemir F. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık, İkinci basımdan çeviri, Ankara, Kızılay, pp: 41-61.
• Varişoğlu, Y., & Satilmiş, İ.G. (2019). Breast milk and alternative therapies for increasing breast milk in preterm births. Izmir Democracy University Health Sciences Journal, 2(2), 99-113.
• WHO. (2017). Global guidance on ending the in appropriate promotion of foods for infants and young children. [cited 2023 April 19]. Available from: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/260137/1/9789241513470eng.pdf?ua=