Nevşehir, Türkiye’de Görülen Seropozitif Bruselloz Olgularının Değerlendirilmesi: 11 Yıllık Bir Analiz

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 4, 124 - 131, 30.12.2025

Nazife Akman , Erhan Karat

https://doi.org/10.59518/farabimedj.1740228

Öz

Brusellozun epidemiyolojik ve klinik analizleri, hastalık gözetimi ve vaka yönetimi stratejilerini güçlendirmeleri için hayati öneme sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, insan brusellozunun mevsimsel dağılıma ve yıllara göre epidemiyolojik özelliklerinin değerlendirilmesi ve bölgedeki bruselloz seropozitifliğinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. 2013-2023 yılları arasında Nevşehir Devlet Hastanesi'ne başvuran 4510 şüpheli vaka retrospektif olarak analiz edildi. Tarama için Rose Bengal testi (RBT) kullanıldı ve RBT pozitif serumlar standart tüp aglütinasyon testi ile değerlendirildi. ≥1/160 titreleri tanısal kabul edildi. 4510 hastanın 405'i (%8.98) RBT pozitifti ve 143'ü (%35.3) STA titreleri ≥1/160 ile doğrulandı ve genel seropozitiflik oranı %3.18'di (%95 GA: 2.7-3.7). Çoğunluğu erkekti (%72.7) ve ortalama yaş 35.4 idi. Vakaların çoğu hayvan teması ile bağlantılıydı ve insidans yaz aylarında en yüksek seviyeye ulaşıyordu. 2022 yılında keskin bir artış gözlemlendi. Bulgularımız, mesleki ve mevsimsel faktörlerin etkisiyle Nevşehir'de bruselloz ön tanısı almış hastalar arasında insan brusellozunun yaygınlığını göstermektedir. Hastalık yükünü azaltmak ve sürveyansı iyileştirmek için hayvan aşılamasının, kamuoyu farkındalığının ve teşhis kapasitesinin güçlendirilmesi şarttır. Bu çalışma, kontrol stratejilerine rehberlik edecek önemli bölgesel veriler sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bruselloz , Epidemiyoloji , Laboratuvar tanısı , Zoonoz

Etik Beyan

Çalışma protokolü Helsinki Bildirgesi’ne uygun olarak yürütüldü ve araştırma Kapadokya Üniversitesi Araştırma Etik Kurulu tarafından onaylandı (onay tarihi: 16 Ekim 2024; onay kodu: G.O. 24/2024).

Evaluation of Seropositive Brucellosis Cases in Nevşehir, Türkiye: An 11-Year Analysis

Öz

Epidemiological and clinical analyses of brucellosis are vital for strengthening disease surveillance and case management strategies. This study aimed to evaluate the epidemiological characteristics of human brucellosis by seasonal distribution and year, and to determine brucellosis seropositivity in the region. A retrospective analysis was conducted of 4,510 suspected cases presented to Nevşehir State Hospital between 2013 and 2023.The Rose Bengal test (RBT) was used for screening, and RBT-positive sera were evaluated with a standard tube agglutination test. Titers ≥1/160 were considered diagnostic. Of the 4510 patients, 405 (8.98%) were RBT positive, and 143 (35.3%) were confirmed with STA titers ≥1/160, for an overall seropositivity rate of 3.18% (95% CI: 2.7-3.7). The majority were male (72.7%), and the mean age was 35.4 years. Most cases were linked to animal contact, with the incidence peaking in the summer months. A sharp increase was observed in 2022. Our findings demonstrate the prevalence of human brucellosis among patients with a pre-diagnosis of brucellosis in Nevşehir, influenced by occupational and seasonal factors. Strengthening animal vaccination, public awareness, and diagnostic capacity are essential to reduce the disease burden and improve surveillance. This study provides important regional data to guide control strategies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Brucellosis , Epidemiology , Laboratory diagnosis , Zoonosis

Etik Beyan

The study protocol was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and the research was approved by the Kapadokya University Research Ethics Committee (approval date: October 16, 2024; approval code: G.O. 24/2024).

Kaynakça

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