Uzun Mesafe Koşucuların Fonksiyonel Hareket Analizi Normlarına Göre Değerlerinin Belirlenmesi

Öz

Sezon öncesi tarama yapılarak sporcuların aşırı sakatlanma riskini azaltabildiği düşünülen fonksiyonel hareket analizi (FHA) test bataryası, sporcularda potansiyel yaralanma riskini ve cinsiyette farkın olup olmadığı belirlemek için kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı; uzun mesafe koşucularında FHA’ya göre normatif değerlerin belirlenmesidir. Yapılan araştırmaya 13 kadın 29 erkek toplam 42 uzun mesafe koşucusu katılmıştır. Bu sporcuların 35’i sakatlanma öyküsüne sahiptir. Sporcular, 19.71±4.08 yıl yaş, 167.48±7.89 cm boy uzunluğu, 56.31±7.20 kg vücut ağırlığı ve 5.62±2.95 yıl spor deneyimi ortalama değerlere sahiptirler. Ölçümler için FHA test bataryası kullanılmıştır. Sporcular bu test kapsamında toplamda 7 hareket yapmıştır. Elde edilen toplam puan kişinin fonksiyonel kapasitesi olarak belirlenmiştir. Her bir hareket 0-3 puan arasında puanlandırılmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilme sürecinde öncelikli olarak tanımlayıcı istatistik yapılmıştır. Görsel (olasılık ve histogram grafikleri) ve analitik testler (çarpıklık ve basıklık değerleri) eşliğinde verilerin normal dağılım gösterdiği anlaşıldığından, bu kapsamda cinsiyet, spor deneyimi ve sakatlık öyküsü değişkenlerindeki farklılıkları incelemek amacı ile bağımsız örneklem için bağımsız t testi kullanılmıştır. Sırasıyla kadın ve erkek sporcuların toplam FHA skorları 17.621.39 ve 18.031.24; yeni başlayanlar ve deneyimli sporcuların 17.500.93 ve 18.001.35; sakatlık öyküsü olan ve olmayan sporcuların 18.841.3 ve 18.001.17 olarak bulunmuştur. Sporcuların toplam FHA puan ortalaması ise 17.90 olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak; ‘dönüş stabilitesi’nde cinsiyete (p<0.05) ve spor deneyimine (p<0.01) göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık görülürken, sakatlık öyküsünde ise tam squat, engel geçişi, doğrusal öne hamle adımı, omuz hareketliliği, aktif düz bacak kaldırma, gövde stabilizasyonu ve dönüş stabilitesinde herhangi bir anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır. Fizyoterapistler, spor hekimleri ve atletizm antrenörleri bu çalışmadan, sakatlık geçirmiş veya geçirmemiş, yeni başlayan veya spor deneyimi olan uzun mesafe koşucularının işlevsel kabiliyetini ve benzer gruplar yaralanma riskini değerlendirmek için faydalanabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Uzun mesafe koşucular,Fonksiyonel hareket analizi,Sakatlık,Spor

Functional Movement ScreenTM – Normative Values in Healthy Distance Runners

Abstract

The functional movement screen (FMS) test battery, which is thought to be able to reduce the risk of excessive injury of the athletes by using pre-season health screening, is used to establish normative data, to determine the risk of potential injury in athletes and to determine whether there is a difference in kind of injury in terms of gender. The aim of this study is to determine normative values of long distance runners according to FMS. A total of 42 long distance runners of 13 females and 29 males were participated in the research. 25 of these athletes have a history of injury. The athletes have a mean age of 19.71 ± 4.08 years and mean height of 167.48 ± 7.89 cm, and mean body weight 56.31 ± 7.20 kg; and they have 5.62 ± 2.95 years of exercise history. FMS KIT was used for functional movement analysis. The athletes performed 7 movement in total in scope of this test. The total score obtained was measured as the functional capacity of the athlete. Each move was scored between 0 and 3 points. Descriptive statistics were used primarily in the evaluation process of the data. It is understood that the data shows normal distribution and in this context, independent t-test was used for independent samples in order to examine the differences in variables of gender, age of training and history of injury. Total FMS score were found to be 17.621.39, 18.031.24 for male and female athletes, 17.500.93 18.001.35 for inexperienced and experienced athletes, and 18.841.37 18.001.17 for athletes having history of injury and not having history of injury. The total mean FMS score of the athletes was determined as 17.90. As a result, in case of evaluation of the functional ability of long-distance runners with and without history of injury or those who are inexperienced and experienced, it can be used by physiotherapists, sports physicians and athletics trainers as a reference for injury assessment and for assessing the injury risk of similar groups.

Keywords

• Long distance runners,Functional movement analysis,Injury,Sports

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