Bilinçli Farkındalık ve Yarışma Kaygısı Arasındaki İlişki: Kadın Voleybolcular Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Yıl 2023,
Cilt: 28 Sayı: 1, 42 - 47, 31.01.2023
Simge Yalçın
,
Emre Ozan Tingaz
,
Ulviye Bilgin
Öz
Bu araştırma, kadın voleybolcularda bilinçli farkındalık ile yarışma kaygısı arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Türkiye’deki çeşitli illerde Sultanlar Ligi’nden 36 sporcu, Kadınlar 1. Ligi’nden 87 sporcu olmak üzere toplamda 123 kadın voleybolcu (Ortyaş= 24.38±5.03) Sporcu Bilinçli Farkındalık Ölçeği ve Sporda Yarışma Kaygısı Ölçeği - Yetişkin Formu’na çevrimiçi ortamda gönüllü olarak yanıt vermişlerdir. İstatistiksel analizde SPSS 23 kullanılmıştır. Veriler, normallik sınaması sonrasında Pearson korelasyonu ve çoklu lineer regresyon yöntemi ile analiz edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak; kadın voleybolcularda bilinçli farkındalık ve yarışma kaygısı arasında negatif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte, bilinçli farkındalığın yarışma kaygısının negatif yönde anlamlı bir yordayıcısı olduğu ve “farkındalık, yargılamama ve yeniden odaklanma” alt boyutlarıyla birlikte yarışma kaygısının %15’ini açıkladığı görülmüştür. Kesitsel desende tasarlanmış olan bu araştırmada nedensel bir çıkarımda bulunmak mümkün olmasa da mevcut araştırma grubunda bilinçli farkındalık, yarışma kaygısı için etkili bir yol olabilir. Bu olasılığı test etmek için daha fazla çalışmaya ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.
Kaynakça
- 1. Aminnezhad, P., Zeidabadi, R., Hamboshi, L. ve Khojasteh, M. (2020). Structural relationship between sport mindfulness and emo-tion regulation strategies with athlets' competitive anxiety, Journal of Psychology, 24, 317-333.
- 2. Atia, M. M. ve Sallam, L. E. (2020). The effectiveness of mindfulness training techniques on stress anxiety and depression of dep-ressed patient. American Journal of Nursing, 8(1), 103-113.
- 3. Baltzell, A., Caraballo, N., Chipman, K. ve Hayden, L. (2014). A qualitative study of mindfulness meditation training for sport: Division I female soccer players’ experiences. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 8(3), 221-244.
- 4. Birrer, D., Röthlin, P. ve Morgan, G. (2012). Mindfulness to enhance athletic performance: Theoretical considerations and possible impact mechanisms. Mindfulness, 3, 235–246.
- 5. Broadhurst, P. L. (1957). Emotionality and the Yerkes-Dodson law. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 54, 345-352.
- 6. Buckworth, J. ve Dishman, R. K. (2002). Exercise psychology. London: Human Kinetics.
- 7. Cheng, W. N. K., Hardy, L. ve Markland, D. (2009). Toward a three-dimensional conceptualization of performance anxiety: Rationale and initial measurement development. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 10(2), 271–278.
- 8. Dana, A., Shahir, V. A. ve Ghorbani, S. (2022). The impact of mindfulness and mental skills protocols on athletes’ competitive anxiety . Biomedical Human Kinetics, 14(1), 135-142
- 9. Endler, N. S., Parker, J. D. A., Bagby, R. M. ve Cox, B. (1991). Multidimensionality of state and trait anxiety: Factor structure of the Endler multidimensional anxiety scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60(6), 919-926.
- 10. Fuentes, R. ve Svensson, J. (2019). An examination of the role of sport anxiety and rumination in the relationship between disposi-tional mindfulness and self-assessed performance. School of Health and Welfare: Halmstad University.
- 11. Goldin, P. R. ve Gross, J. J. (2010). Effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on emotion regulation in social anxiety disorder. Emotion, 10(1), 83-91.
- 12. Hanton, S., Evans, L. ve Neil, R. (2003). Hardiness and the competitive trait anxiety response. Anxiety, Stress and Coping, 16(2), 167-184.
- 13. Hanton, S., Neil, R., Mellalieu, S. D. ve Fletcher, D. (2008). Competitive experience and performance status: An investigation into multidimensional anxiety and coping. European Journal of Sport Science, 8(3), 143-152.
- 14. Hasanah, U. ve Refanthira, N. (2019). Human problems: competitive anxiety in sport performer and various treatments to reduce it. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 395.
- 15. Hatzigeorgiadis, A., Zourbanos N., Mpoumpaki, S., ve Theodorakis, Y. (2009). Mechanisms underlying the self H talk-performance relationship: The effects of motivational self- talk on self-confidence and anxiety. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 10(1), 186-192.
- 16. Jondeau, E. ve Rockinger, M. (2003). Conditional volatility, skewness, and kurtosis: existence. persistence, ana comovements. Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 27, 1699-1737.
- 17. Kabat-Zinn, J. (2012). Mindfulness for beginners: Reclaiming the present momentand your life. Canada: Boulder, Sounds True.
- 18. Kabat-Zinn, J. (2003). Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), Constructivism in the Human Sciences, 8(2), 73-83.
- 19. Kocaekşi, S. ve Koruç, Z. (2012). Hentbol kadın milli takım oyuncularında çok boyutlu kaygı kuramının incelenmesi. Türkiye Klinikleri Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(1), 16-22.
- 20. Kline, R. B. (2005). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. New York: The Gilford Press.
- 21. Koruç, Z., Öztürk, F., Yılmaz V., Bayar, P. ve Kağan, S. (2005). Sporda yarışma kaygısı testi yetişkin formunun Türkçeye uyarlanması: SCAT-A. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 18(3), 131-139.
- 22. LePera, N. (2011). Relationships between boredom proneness, mindfulness, anxiety, depression, and substance use. The New School Psychology Bulletin, 8(2), 15-25.
- 23. Lomas, T., Medina, J. C., Ivtzan, I., Rupprecht, S. ve Eiroa-Orosa, F. J. (2017). The impact of mindfulness on the wellbeing and perfor-mance of educators: A systematic review of the empirical literature. Teaching and Teacher Education, 61, 132-141.
- 24. Masters, R. ve Maxwell, J. (2008). The theory of reinvestment. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 1(2), 160-183.
- 25. Noetel, M., Ciarrochi, J., Zanden, B. V. ve Lonsdale, C. (2019). Mindfulness and acceptance approaches to sporting performance enhancement: A systematic review, International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 12(1), 139-175,
- 26. Norouzi, E., Gerber, M., Masrour, F. F., Vaezmosavi, M., Pühse, U. ve Brand, S. (2019). Implementation of a mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) program to reduce stress, anxiety, and depression and to improve psychological well-being among: Reti-red Iranian football players. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 47, 101636.
- 27. Permadi, D. ve Nurwianti, F. (2019). Mindfulness and coping skills as predictors of competitive anxiety amongst athletes in Indone-sia. ANIMA Indonesian Psychological Journal, 33(4), 231-240.
- 28. Perry, J. D. ve Williams, J. M. (1998). Relationship of intensity and direction of competitive trait anxiety to skill level and gender in tennis. Sport Psychologist, 12(2), 169-179.
- 29. Raglin, J. ve Hanin, Y. (2000). Competitive anxiety and athletic performance. Y. L. Hanin (Ed.), Emotions in sport (ss. 93-112). Cham-paign, IL: Human Kinetics.
- 30. Röthlin, P., Horvath, S. ve Birrer, D. (2016). Mindfulness promotes the ability to deliver performance in highly demanding situa-tions. Mindfulness, 7, 727–733.
- 31. Schneider, M. N., Zavos, H. M., McAdams, T. A., Kovas, Y., Sadeghi, S. ve Gregory A. M. (2019). Mindfulness and associations with symptoms of insomnia, anxiety and depression in early adulthood: a twin and sibling study. Behaviour Research and Theraphy, 118, 18-29.
- 32. Schutte, N. S. ve Malouff, J. M. (2011). Emotional intelligence mediates the relationship between mindfulness and subjective well-being. Personality and Individual Differences, 50(7), 1116- 1119.
- 33. Scott-Hamilton, J. ve Schutte, N. S. (2016). Effects of a mindfulness intervention on sports-anxiety, pessimism, and flow in competi-tive cyclists. Applied Psychology: Health And Well-Being, 8(1), 85–103.
- 34. Siegel, R. D., Germer, C. K. ve Olendzki, A. (2009). Mindfulness: What is it? where did it come from?. F. Dionna, (Ed.), In Clinical Handbook of Mindfulness, (ss. 17-35). New York: Springer.
- 35. Song, Y. ve Lindquist, R. (2015). Effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction on depression, anxiety, stress and mindful-ness in Korean nursing students. Nurse Education Today, 35(1), 86-90.
- 36. Sparks, K. V., Kavussanu, M., Masters, R. S. W. ve Ring, C. (2021). Mindfulness, reinvestment, and rowing under pressure: Evidence for moderated moderation of the anxiety-performance relationship . Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 56, 101998.
- 37. Stevenson, R. K. (2009). The super mental trainig book. London: CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform.
- 38. Taber, K. S. (2017). The use of Cronbach’s Alpha when developing and reporting research instruments in science education. Rese-arch in Science Education, 48, 1273–1296.
- 39. Thienot, E., Jackson, B., Dimmock, J., Grove, J. R., Bernier, M. ve Fournier, J. F. (2014). Development and preliminary validation of the mindfulness inventory for sport. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 15(1), 72-80.
- 40. Tingaz, E. O. (2020). The mediating role of mindfulness in the relationship between the cognitive flexibility and irrational perfor-mance beliefs of university student-athletes. Current Psychology, 39(4), 1208-1214.
- 41. Tingaz, E. O., Solmaz, S., Ekiz, M. A. ve Atasoy, M. (2022). The relationship between mindfulness and self-rated performance in stu-dent-athletes: the mediating role of depression, anxiety and stress. Sport Sciences for Health.
- 42. Tuncer, N. (2017). Bir grup üniversite öğrencisinin sosyal anksiyete düzeylerine göre bilinçli farkındalık ve yaşam doyumu düzeylerinin incelenmesi (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Işık Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
- 43. Walker, K. (2019). Mindful volleyball: A complete mındfulness program for volleyball teams, athletes, and coaches. Masters of Education in Human Movement, Sport, and Leisure Studies Graduate Projects, 72.
- 44. Weinberg, R. S. ve Gould, D. (2019). Spor ve egzersiz psikolojisinin temelleri (Çev. M. Şahin ve Z. Koruç). Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
The Relationship Between Mindfulness and Competitive Anxiety: A Study on Female Volleyball Players
Yıl 2023,
Cilt: 28 Sayı: 1, 42 - 47, 31.01.2023
Simge Yalçın
,
Emre Ozan Tingaz
,
Ulviye Bilgin
Öz
This study investigated the relationship between mindfulness and competitive anxiety in female volleyball players. A total of 123 female volleyball players (Mage= 24.38±5.03), 36 athletes from the Sultans League and 87 athletes from the Women’s 1st League, in various cities in Turkey responded to the Mindfulness Inventory for Sport (MIS) and the Sport Competitive Anxiety Test - Adult Form (SCAT-A). SPSS 23 was used for statistical analysis. The data were analyzed by Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression method after testing for normality. As a result; there was a significant negative correlation between mindfulness and competitive anxiety. In addition, mindfulness was a significant negative predictor of competitive anxiety and awareness, non-judgment and refocusing sub-dimensions accounted for 15% of the variance in competitive anxiety. Although it is not possible to make a causal inference in this cross-sectional research, mindfulness may be an effective way for competitive anxiety in the current research group. Further research is needed to test this possibility.
Kaynakça
- 1. Aminnezhad, P., Zeidabadi, R., Hamboshi, L. ve Khojasteh, M. (2020). Structural relationship between sport mindfulness and emo-tion regulation strategies with athlets' competitive anxiety, Journal of Psychology, 24, 317-333.
- 2. Atia, M. M. ve Sallam, L. E. (2020). The effectiveness of mindfulness training techniques on stress anxiety and depression of dep-ressed patient. American Journal of Nursing, 8(1), 103-113.
- 3. Baltzell, A., Caraballo, N., Chipman, K. ve Hayden, L. (2014). A qualitative study of mindfulness meditation training for sport: Division I female soccer players’ experiences. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 8(3), 221-244.
- 4. Birrer, D., Röthlin, P. ve Morgan, G. (2012). Mindfulness to enhance athletic performance: Theoretical considerations and possible impact mechanisms. Mindfulness, 3, 235–246.
- 5. Broadhurst, P. L. (1957). Emotionality and the Yerkes-Dodson law. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 54, 345-352.
- 6. Buckworth, J. ve Dishman, R. K. (2002). Exercise psychology. London: Human Kinetics.
- 7. Cheng, W. N. K., Hardy, L. ve Markland, D. (2009). Toward a three-dimensional conceptualization of performance anxiety: Rationale and initial measurement development. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 10(2), 271–278.
- 8. Dana, A., Shahir, V. A. ve Ghorbani, S. (2022). The impact of mindfulness and mental skills protocols on athletes’ competitive anxiety . Biomedical Human Kinetics, 14(1), 135-142
- 9. Endler, N. S., Parker, J. D. A., Bagby, R. M. ve Cox, B. (1991). Multidimensionality of state and trait anxiety: Factor structure of the Endler multidimensional anxiety scales. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60(6), 919-926.
- 10. Fuentes, R. ve Svensson, J. (2019). An examination of the role of sport anxiety and rumination in the relationship between disposi-tional mindfulness and self-assessed performance. School of Health and Welfare: Halmstad University.
- 11. Goldin, P. R. ve Gross, J. J. (2010). Effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on emotion regulation in social anxiety disorder. Emotion, 10(1), 83-91.
- 12. Hanton, S., Evans, L. ve Neil, R. (2003). Hardiness and the competitive trait anxiety response. Anxiety, Stress and Coping, 16(2), 167-184.
- 13. Hanton, S., Neil, R., Mellalieu, S. D. ve Fletcher, D. (2008). Competitive experience and performance status: An investigation into multidimensional anxiety and coping. European Journal of Sport Science, 8(3), 143-152.
- 14. Hasanah, U. ve Refanthira, N. (2019). Human problems: competitive anxiety in sport performer and various treatments to reduce it. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 395.
- 15. Hatzigeorgiadis, A., Zourbanos N., Mpoumpaki, S., ve Theodorakis, Y. (2009). Mechanisms underlying the self H talk-performance relationship: The effects of motivational self- talk on self-confidence and anxiety. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 10(1), 186-192.
- 16. Jondeau, E. ve Rockinger, M. (2003). Conditional volatility, skewness, and kurtosis: existence. persistence, ana comovements. Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 27, 1699-1737.
- 17. Kabat-Zinn, J. (2012). Mindfulness for beginners: Reclaiming the present momentand your life. Canada: Boulder, Sounds True.
- 18. Kabat-Zinn, J. (2003). Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), Constructivism in the Human Sciences, 8(2), 73-83.
- 19. Kocaekşi, S. ve Koruç, Z. (2012). Hentbol kadın milli takım oyuncularında çok boyutlu kaygı kuramının incelenmesi. Türkiye Klinikleri Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(1), 16-22.
- 20. Kline, R. B. (2005). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. New York: The Gilford Press.
- 21. Koruç, Z., Öztürk, F., Yılmaz V., Bayar, P. ve Kağan, S. (2005). Sporda yarışma kaygısı testi yetişkin formunun Türkçeye uyarlanması: SCAT-A. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 18(3), 131-139.
- 22. LePera, N. (2011). Relationships between boredom proneness, mindfulness, anxiety, depression, and substance use. The New School Psychology Bulletin, 8(2), 15-25.
- 23. Lomas, T., Medina, J. C., Ivtzan, I., Rupprecht, S. ve Eiroa-Orosa, F. J. (2017). The impact of mindfulness on the wellbeing and perfor-mance of educators: A systematic review of the empirical literature. Teaching and Teacher Education, 61, 132-141.
- 24. Masters, R. ve Maxwell, J. (2008). The theory of reinvestment. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 1(2), 160-183.
- 25. Noetel, M., Ciarrochi, J., Zanden, B. V. ve Lonsdale, C. (2019). Mindfulness and acceptance approaches to sporting performance enhancement: A systematic review, International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 12(1), 139-175,
- 26. Norouzi, E., Gerber, M., Masrour, F. F., Vaezmosavi, M., Pühse, U. ve Brand, S. (2019). Implementation of a mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) program to reduce stress, anxiety, and depression and to improve psychological well-being among: Reti-red Iranian football players. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 47, 101636.
- 27. Permadi, D. ve Nurwianti, F. (2019). Mindfulness and coping skills as predictors of competitive anxiety amongst athletes in Indone-sia. ANIMA Indonesian Psychological Journal, 33(4), 231-240.
- 28. Perry, J. D. ve Williams, J. M. (1998). Relationship of intensity and direction of competitive trait anxiety to skill level and gender in tennis. Sport Psychologist, 12(2), 169-179.
- 29. Raglin, J. ve Hanin, Y. (2000). Competitive anxiety and athletic performance. Y. L. Hanin (Ed.), Emotions in sport (ss. 93-112). Cham-paign, IL: Human Kinetics.
- 30. Röthlin, P., Horvath, S. ve Birrer, D. (2016). Mindfulness promotes the ability to deliver performance in highly demanding situa-tions. Mindfulness, 7, 727–733.
- 31. Schneider, M. N., Zavos, H. M., McAdams, T. A., Kovas, Y., Sadeghi, S. ve Gregory A. M. (2019). Mindfulness and associations with symptoms of insomnia, anxiety and depression in early adulthood: a twin and sibling study. Behaviour Research and Theraphy, 118, 18-29.
- 32. Schutte, N. S. ve Malouff, J. M. (2011). Emotional intelligence mediates the relationship between mindfulness and subjective well-being. Personality and Individual Differences, 50(7), 1116- 1119.
- 33. Scott-Hamilton, J. ve Schutte, N. S. (2016). Effects of a mindfulness intervention on sports-anxiety, pessimism, and flow in competi-tive cyclists. Applied Psychology: Health And Well-Being, 8(1), 85–103.
- 34. Siegel, R. D., Germer, C. K. ve Olendzki, A. (2009). Mindfulness: What is it? where did it come from?. F. Dionna, (Ed.), In Clinical Handbook of Mindfulness, (ss. 17-35). New York: Springer.
- 35. Song, Y. ve Lindquist, R. (2015). Effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction on depression, anxiety, stress and mindful-ness in Korean nursing students. Nurse Education Today, 35(1), 86-90.
- 36. Sparks, K. V., Kavussanu, M., Masters, R. S. W. ve Ring, C. (2021). Mindfulness, reinvestment, and rowing under pressure: Evidence for moderated moderation of the anxiety-performance relationship . Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 56, 101998.
- 37. Stevenson, R. K. (2009). The super mental trainig book. London: CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform.
- 38. Taber, K. S. (2017). The use of Cronbach’s Alpha when developing and reporting research instruments in science education. Rese-arch in Science Education, 48, 1273–1296.
- 39. Thienot, E., Jackson, B., Dimmock, J., Grove, J. R., Bernier, M. ve Fournier, J. F. (2014). Development and preliminary validation of the mindfulness inventory for sport. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 15(1), 72-80.
- 40. Tingaz, E. O. (2020). The mediating role of mindfulness in the relationship between the cognitive flexibility and irrational perfor-mance beliefs of university student-athletes. Current Psychology, 39(4), 1208-1214.
- 41. Tingaz, E. O., Solmaz, S., Ekiz, M. A. ve Atasoy, M. (2022). The relationship between mindfulness and self-rated performance in stu-dent-athletes: the mediating role of depression, anxiety and stress. Sport Sciences for Health.
- 42. Tuncer, N. (2017). Bir grup üniversite öğrencisinin sosyal anksiyete düzeylerine göre bilinçli farkındalık ve yaşam doyumu düzeylerinin incelenmesi (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Işık Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
- 43. Walker, K. (2019). Mindful volleyball: A complete mındfulness program for volleyball teams, athletes, and coaches. Masters of Education in Human Movement, Sport, and Leisure Studies Graduate Projects, 72.
- 44. Weinberg, R. S. ve Gould, D. (2019). Spor ve egzersiz psikolojisinin temelleri (Çev. M. Şahin ve Z. Koruç). Ankara: Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.