The Association Between Social Appearance Anxiety and Eating Attitudes Among Vocational High School Students
Yıl 2024,
Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 52 - 62, 31.08.2024
Fatma Avşar
,
Yeter Kitiş
,
Aysun Erdal
Öz
High school students experience many growth and developmental changes. These changes make adolescents vulnerable to body image, appearance issues. Negative body image perception can lead to psychosocial problems such as social appearance anxiety and eating disorders in adolescents. Our aim of this study is to assess the relationship between social appearance anxiety and eating attitude as a descriptive study design. Study was held in two vocational high schools in Ankara between May and June 2018 (n=685). The research data were collected by sociodemographic and diet information form, social appearance anxiety scale (SAAS) and eating attitude test (EAT-26). Researchers used independent-samples t-test, one-way analysis of variance and correlation analysis for the data analyses. 60% of the students are male, and 35.8% of students have an abnormal body mass index. The frequency of normal eating attitudes was found as 71.8% while the frequency of abnormal eating attitudes was found as 28.2% A weak positive correlation is between the SAAS and the EAT-26 scores (r =.129). Althought, a weak negative correlation was between the school year and the EAT-26 score (r =-.076). The SAAS mean score of the students, who stated that they used medicines, was significantly higher than the others. Abnormal eating attitude is related to social appearance anxiety. Eating attitudes are related to social appearance anxiety among vocational school students. Social appearance anxiety impacts abnormal eating attitudes. Psychosocial support to reduce social appearance anxiety might improve the physical and mental health of vocational high school adolescents.
Kaynakça
- Abdo, Z. A., Seid, S. A., & Woldekiros, A. N. (2023). Self-perception of physical appearance of adolescents and associated factors in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Plos one, 18(1), https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281202
- Alcaraz-Ibáñez, M. Sicilia, Á. Díez-Fernández, D. M., & Paterna, A. (2020) Physical appearance comparisons and symptoms of disordered eating: The mediating role of social physique anxiety in Spanish adolescents. Body Image, 32, 145-149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2019.12.005.
- Ayala, R. V. (2020) Link between eating disorder risk, self-esteem, and body image among Puerto Rican high school student-athletes. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 20(1), 170-178. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2020.01023.
- Baguley, B. J., Skinner, T. L., & Wright, O. R. (2019) Nutrition therapy for the management of cancer-related fatigue and quality of life: a systematic review and meta-analysis. British Journal of Nutrition, 122(5), 527-541. https://doi.org/10.1017/S000711451800363X.
- Büyük, E. T., & Duman, G. (2014). Farklı Okullarda Okuyan Lise Öğrencilerinin Yeme Tutum ve Davranışlarının Değerlendirilmesi. Journal of Pediatric Research, 1(4). 212-217. https://doi.org/10.4274/jpr.58076
- Büyük, E. T., & Özdemir, E. (2018). Lise Öğrencilerinin Beden Algısı İle Yeme Tutumu Arasındaki İlişki. International Anatolia Academic Online Journal Health Sciences, 4(2), 1-12. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/534422
- Casagrande, M., Boncompagni, I., Forte, G., Guarino, A., & Favieri, F. (2019). Emotion and overeating behaviour: effects of alexithymia and emotional regulation on overweight and obesity. Eat and Weigth Disorders- Studies on Anorexiai Bulimia and Obesity, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-019-00767-9.
- Christian, C., Brosof, L. C., Vanzhula, I. A., Williams, B. M., Ram, S. S., & Levinson, C. A. (2019) Implementation of a dissonance-based, eating disorder prevention program in Southern, all-female high schools. Body Image, 30, 26-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2019.05.003.
- Dunn, T. M., Hawkins, N., Gagliano, S., & Stoddard, K. (2019) Individuals who self-identify as having “orthorexia nervosa” score in the clinical range on the Eating Attitudes Test-26. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity, 24, 1025-1030. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-019-00651-6.
- Ebem, V. (2019) Investigation of social appearance levels of high school students in terms of different variables (Example of Bitlis and Yozgat province), Agrı Ibrahim Cecen University. Master Dissertation, Social Sciences Institute. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezSorguSonucYeni.jsp Accessed 30 August 2020.
- Ebrahim, M., Alkazemi, D., Zafar, T. A., & Kubow, S. (2019) Disordered eating attitudes correlate with body dissatisfaction among Kuwaiti male college students. Journal of Eating Disorders, 7(1), 37-51. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-019-0265-z.
- Gerrard, O., Galli, N., & Santurri, L. (2020) Examining body dissatisfaction in college men through the exploration of appearance anxiety and internalization of the mesomorphic ideal.,J Am Coll Health, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2019.1704412.
- Hart, T. A., Flora, D. B., Palyo, S. A., Fresco, D. M. C., & Holle, R. G. (2008). Development and examination of the social appearance anxiety scale. Assessment, 15(1), 48-59. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191107306673.
- Hasan, H. Ç. (2017). Ergenlerde yeme bozukluğu görülme sıklığı ve ruhsal semptomlar ile ilişkisi. Turkish Journal of Public Health, 15(2), 96-105. http://tjph.org/ojs/index.php/
- Houtepen, L. C., Heron, J., Suderman, M. J., Fraser, A., Chittleborough, C. R., & Howe, L. D. (2020) Associations of adverse childhood experiences with educational attainment and adolescent health and the role of family and socioeconomic factors: A prospective cohort study in the UK. PLoS Medicine, 17(3), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003031.
- Levinson, C. A., Vanzhula, I. A., & Christian, C. (2019) Development and validation of the eating disorder fear questionnaire and interview: Preliminary investigation of eating disorder fears. Eating Behaviors, 35, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2019.101320.
- Li, Y. (2019) Linking body esteem to eating disorders among adolescents: A moderated mediation model. Journal of Health Psychol,1-16. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105319886048.
- Michael, M. K., Joubert, L., & Witard, O. C. (2019) Assessment of Dietary Intake Patterns and Eating Attitudes in Recreational and Competitive Adolescent Rock Climbers: A Pilot Study. Frontiers in Nutrition, 6, 64. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2019.00064.
- Mohiti, S., Rasouli, A., Shiri-Shahsavar, M. R., & Javadi, M. (2019) Associations of Eating Disorder with Sleep Status and Anthropometric Measurements in Female Adolescents in Zanjan, Iran. Journal of Human Environment and Health Promotion, 5(3), 127-131. https://doi.org/10.29252/jhehp.5.3.6.
- Radix, A. K., Rinck, M., Becker, E. S., & Legenbauer, T. (2019) The mediating effect of specific social anxiety facets on body checking and avoidance. Frontiers in Ppsychology, 9, 2661. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.0266.
- Sánchez-Cabrero, R., Martínez-López, F., & Euán-Ramírez, R. G. (2020) Body image of people over 50 in Spain measured using the BSQ test. BMC ResearcH Notes, 13(1), 50-54. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104%E2%80%91020%E2%80%914913%E2%80%919.
- Savasir, I., & Erol, N. (1989). Yeme tutum testi: anoreksiya nevroza belirtileri indeksi. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 7, 19-25. https://toad.halileksi.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/yeme-tutum-testi-anoreksiya-nervoza-belirtileri-indeksi-toad.pdf
- Tayfur, S. N., & Evrensel, A. (2020) Investigation of the relationships between eating attitudes, body image and depression among Turkish university students. Rivista di Psichiatria, 55(2), 90-97. https://doi.org/10.1708/3333.33023.
- Trekels, J., & Eggermont, S. (2017). Linking magazine exposure to social appearance anxiety: The role of appearance norms in early adolescence. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 27(4), 736-751. https://doi.org/10.1111/jora.12311.
- Uzdil, Z., Özenoğlu, A., & Ünal, G. (2017). Lise öğrencilerinde yeme tutumlarının beslenme alışkanlıkları, antropometrik ve demografik özellikleri ile ilişkisi. Düzce Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 7(1), 11-18. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/duzcesbed/issue/31210/66711.
- Vardar, E., & Erzengin, M. (2011). Ergenlerde yeme bozukluklarının yaygınlığı ve psikiyatrik eş tanıları iki aşamalı toplum merkezli bir çalışma. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 22(4), 205-212. https://search.trdizin.gov.tr/en/yayin/detay/135418.
- Verma, K., & Kaushik, P. (2017) Social appearance anxiety and fear of negative evaluation in college-going students with acne vulgaris. International Journal of Psychology and Psychiatry, 5(2), 63-75. https://doi.org/10.5958/2320-6233.2017.00011.6.
- Wang, H., Hu, R., Du, H., Fiona, B., Zhong, J., Yu, & M. (2018) The relationship between sleep duration and obesity risk among school students: a cross-sectional study in Zhejiang, China. Nutrition & Metabolism, 15(1), 48-59. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-018-0285-8.
- Yildirim, E., & Tastan, N. (2020). The predictive role of narcissistic personality tendencies and social appearance anxiety on problematic internet use among university students. Kirkuk University Journal-Scientific Studies, 10, 79-100. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/952345. Accessed 30 August 2020.
Yıl 2024,
Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 52 - 62, 31.08.2024
Fatma Avşar
,
Yeter Kitiş
,
Aysun Erdal
Kaynakça
- Abdo, Z. A., Seid, S. A., & Woldekiros, A. N. (2023). Self-perception of physical appearance of adolescents and associated factors in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, Plos one, 18(1), https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0281202
- Alcaraz-Ibáñez, M. Sicilia, Á. Díez-Fernández, D. M., & Paterna, A. (2020) Physical appearance comparisons and symptoms of disordered eating: The mediating role of social physique anxiety in Spanish adolescents. Body Image, 32, 145-149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2019.12.005.
- Ayala, R. V. (2020) Link between eating disorder risk, self-esteem, and body image among Puerto Rican high school student-athletes. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 20(1), 170-178. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2020.01023.
- Baguley, B. J., Skinner, T. L., & Wright, O. R. (2019) Nutrition therapy for the management of cancer-related fatigue and quality of life: a systematic review and meta-analysis. British Journal of Nutrition, 122(5), 527-541. https://doi.org/10.1017/S000711451800363X.
- Büyük, E. T., & Duman, G. (2014). Farklı Okullarda Okuyan Lise Öğrencilerinin Yeme Tutum ve Davranışlarının Değerlendirilmesi. Journal of Pediatric Research, 1(4). 212-217. https://doi.org/10.4274/jpr.58076
- Büyük, E. T., & Özdemir, E. (2018). Lise Öğrencilerinin Beden Algısı İle Yeme Tutumu Arasındaki İlişki. International Anatolia Academic Online Journal Health Sciences, 4(2), 1-12. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/534422
- Casagrande, M., Boncompagni, I., Forte, G., Guarino, A., & Favieri, F. (2019). Emotion and overeating behaviour: effects of alexithymia and emotional regulation on overweight and obesity. Eat and Weigth Disorders- Studies on Anorexiai Bulimia and Obesity, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-019-00767-9.
- Christian, C., Brosof, L. C., Vanzhula, I. A., Williams, B. M., Ram, S. S., & Levinson, C. A. (2019) Implementation of a dissonance-based, eating disorder prevention program in Southern, all-female high schools. Body Image, 30, 26-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2019.05.003.
- Dunn, T. M., Hawkins, N., Gagliano, S., & Stoddard, K. (2019) Individuals who self-identify as having “orthorexia nervosa” score in the clinical range on the Eating Attitudes Test-26. Eating and Weight Disorders-Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity, 24, 1025-1030. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-019-00651-6.
- Ebem, V. (2019) Investigation of social appearance levels of high school students in terms of different variables (Example of Bitlis and Yozgat province), Agrı Ibrahim Cecen University. Master Dissertation, Social Sciences Institute. https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezSorguSonucYeni.jsp Accessed 30 August 2020.
- Ebrahim, M., Alkazemi, D., Zafar, T. A., & Kubow, S. (2019) Disordered eating attitudes correlate with body dissatisfaction among Kuwaiti male college students. Journal of Eating Disorders, 7(1), 37-51. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40337-019-0265-z.
- Gerrard, O., Galli, N., & Santurri, L. (2020) Examining body dissatisfaction in college men through the exploration of appearance anxiety and internalization of the mesomorphic ideal.,J Am Coll Health, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2019.1704412.
- Hart, T. A., Flora, D. B., Palyo, S. A., Fresco, D. M. C., & Holle, R. G. (2008). Development and examination of the social appearance anxiety scale. Assessment, 15(1), 48-59. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191107306673.
- Hasan, H. Ç. (2017). Ergenlerde yeme bozukluğu görülme sıklığı ve ruhsal semptomlar ile ilişkisi. Turkish Journal of Public Health, 15(2), 96-105. http://tjph.org/ojs/index.php/
- Houtepen, L. C., Heron, J., Suderman, M. J., Fraser, A., Chittleborough, C. R., & Howe, L. D. (2020) Associations of adverse childhood experiences with educational attainment and adolescent health and the role of family and socioeconomic factors: A prospective cohort study in the UK. PLoS Medicine, 17(3), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003031.
- Levinson, C. A., Vanzhula, I. A., & Christian, C. (2019) Development and validation of the eating disorder fear questionnaire and interview: Preliminary investigation of eating disorder fears. Eating Behaviors, 35, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eatbeh.2019.101320.
- Li, Y. (2019) Linking body esteem to eating disorders among adolescents: A moderated mediation model. Journal of Health Psychol,1-16. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105319886048.
- Michael, M. K., Joubert, L., & Witard, O. C. (2019) Assessment of Dietary Intake Patterns and Eating Attitudes in Recreational and Competitive Adolescent Rock Climbers: A Pilot Study. Frontiers in Nutrition, 6, 64. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2019.00064.
- Mohiti, S., Rasouli, A., Shiri-Shahsavar, M. R., & Javadi, M. (2019) Associations of Eating Disorder with Sleep Status and Anthropometric Measurements in Female Adolescents in Zanjan, Iran. Journal of Human Environment and Health Promotion, 5(3), 127-131. https://doi.org/10.29252/jhehp.5.3.6.
- Radix, A. K., Rinck, M., Becker, E. S., & Legenbauer, T. (2019) The mediating effect of specific social anxiety facets on body checking and avoidance. Frontiers in Ppsychology, 9, 2661. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.0266.
- Sánchez-Cabrero, R., Martínez-López, F., & Euán-Ramírez, R. G. (2020) Body image of people over 50 in Spain measured using the BSQ test. BMC ResearcH Notes, 13(1), 50-54. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104%E2%80%91020%E2%80%914913%E2%80%919.
- Savasir, I., & Erol, N. (1989). Yeme tutum testi: anoreksiya nevroza belirtileri indeksi. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 7, 19-25. https://toad.halileksi.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/yeme-tutum-testi-anoreksiya-nervoza-belirtileri-indeksi-toad.pdf
- Tayfur, S. N., & Evrensel, A. (2020) Investigation of the relationships between eating attitudes, body image and depression among Turkish university students. Rivista di Psichiatria, 55(2), 90-97. https://doi.org/10.1708/3333.33023.
- Trekels, J., & Eggermont, S. (2017). Linking magazine exposure to social appearance anxiety: The role of appearance norms in early adolescence. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 27(4), 736-751. https://doi.org/10.1111/jora.12311.
- Uzdil, Z., Özenoğlu, A., & Ünal, G. (2017). Lise öğrencilerinde yeme tutumlarının beslenme alışkanlıkları, antropometrik ve demografik özellikleri ile ilişkisi. Düzce Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 7(1), 11-18. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/duzcesbed/issue/31210/66711.
- Vardar, E., & Erzengin, M. (2011). Ergenlerde yeme bozukluklarının yaygınlığı ve psikiyatrik eş tanıları iki aşamalı toplum merkezli bir çalışma. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 22(4), 205-212. https://search.trdizin.gov.tr/en/yayin/detay/135418.
- Verma, K., & Kaushik, P. (2017) Social appearance anxiety and fear of negative evaluation in college-going students with acne vulgaris. International Journal of Psychology and Psychiatry, 5(2), 63-75. https://doi.org/10.5958/2320-6233.2017.00011.6.
- Wang, H., Hu, R., Du, H., Fiona, B., Zhong, J., Yu, & M. (2018) The relationship between sleep duration and obesity risk among school students: a cross-sectional study in Zhejiang, China. Nutrition & Metabolism, 15(1), 48-59. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12986-018-0285-8.
- Yildirim, E., & Tastan, N. (2020). The predictive role of narcissistic personality tendencies and social appearance anxiety on problematic internet use among university students. Kirkuk University Journal-Scientific Studies, 10, 79-100. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/952345. Accessed 30 August 2020.